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- Inaugural lectures by Professors from different Faculties of Lead City University
Recent Submissions
Self-Esteem, Parental Attitude, and School Connectedness as Determinants of Antisocial Behaviour of Adolescents in Public Senior Secondary Schools in Lagos, Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Fatimah Adenike RABIU
Adolescents in public senior secondary schools in Lagos, Nigeria, increasingly exhibit antisocial behaviours such as bullying, substance abuse, aggression, and defiance, posing a threat to their personal development and societal harmony. Traditional disciplinary and educational measures have proven inadequate in curbing these behaviours, making it necessary to explore the influence of psychosocial and environmental factors on adolescent
conduct. Consequently, this study examined the influence of self-esteem, parental attitude, and school connectedness on the antisocial behaviour of adolescents in public senior secondary schools in Lagos, Nigeria. The research adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population comprised adolescents from public senior secondary schools in Lagos State, 2,342 senior secondary school students selected from 120 public schools throughout Lagos, a descriptive survey design was employed. The Taro Yamane formula was used to determine the proper sample size in a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were collected using four structured, validated instruments: the Antisocial Behaviour Scale (ABS), Self Esteem Scale (SES), Parental Attitude Scale (PAS), and School Connectedness Scale (SCS). The reliability coefficients of these instruments ranged from 0.78 to 0.84, ensuring internal consistency. Data analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis and independent t-tests to test three hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed a significant joint influence of self-esteem, parental attitude, and school connectedness on antisocial behaviour among adolescents, with (β=0.091, p<0.05). Additionally, each independent variable made a significant relative contribution, with parental attitude exerting the highest influence. Gender differences in antisocial behaviour were also significant, with male adolescents exhibiting higher levels of antisocial behaviour than their female counterparts. Based on these findings, it is recommended that parents, educators, counselling psychologists, and policymakers implement strategies to foster positive parental attitudes, improve adolescent self-esteem, and enhance school connectedness to curb antisocial behaviour and promote prosocial conduct among adolescents.
Keyword: Self-Esteem, Parental Attitude, School Connectedness, Antisocial Behaviour, Gender
Word Count: 295
Security Threats, Poverty and Economic Growth in West African Countries
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025) Olufunmi Emmanuel FASHINA
West Africa faces a dual developmental challenge where pervasive poverty, and escalating security threats create a vicious cycle that constrains economic progress. Despite significant natural resource wealth, the region exhibits some of the world's highest poverty rates, exacerbated by increasing incidents of terrorism, organized crime, and communal conflicts. These security challenges not only endanger human lives but also disrupt economic activities, destroy infrastructure, and divert scarce resources from development programs to security expenditures. Meanwhile, existing studies have typically examined poverty and security threats in isolation, neglecting their potential effects on economic growth. This study investigates the interrelationships among poverty, security threats, and economic growth across the sixteen West African countries from 2007 to 2023. It addresses these gaps through rigorous panel data analysis. The study tests for Cross-Sectional Dependence using Pesaran-CD, Pesaran-Scaled LM, and Power Enhanced CDw tests, establish stationarity through both first and secondary generation unit root tests, and verify cointegration relationships using the Westerlund ECM panel cointegration test. This comprehensive methodological approach ensures the robustness of empirical analysis by using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) estimator. The findings reveal significant heterogeneity in these relationships across linguistic blocs. The findings demonstrate that poverty constrains economic growth in Lusophone countries while showing a mild positive association in Francophone nations, reflecting patterns of “jobless growth.” Security threats exhibit significant negative impacts on economic growth in both Lusophone and Anglophone blocs, yet relate with improved economic growth in Francophone countries. The study identifies a counterintuitive “reporting paradox” where higher poverty relates with reduced recorded security threats, suggesting significant underreporting in impoverished areas. Most notably, the analysis finds no interactive effects between poverty and security threats on economic growth, indicating these factors operate through distinct channels rather than reinforcing mechanisms. These results highlight the need for differentiated policy approaches that account for substantial variations across sub-regional contexts. Security interventions must be bloc-specific to address divergent security-growth relationships across West Africa. In Anglophone and Lusophone countries, policies should prioritize conflict prevention and protection of economic assets where security threats severely constrain growth. Conversely, Francophone nations require strategies that manage economic opportunities
emerging alongside insecurity while addressing root conflict causes. Simultaneously, poverty reduction approaches must vary, with Lusophone countries needing direct poverty alleviation measures and Francophone nations requiring inclusive growth strategies to combat jobless growth patterns.
Keywords: Poverty, Security Threats, Economic Growth, West Africa, Panel Cointegration.
Word Count: 383
A Hybrid Anomaly Characterisation and Sensitivity Analysis Framework for Software Defined Network-Aided Communication
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Chekwube EZECHI
Contemporary communication infrastructures increasingly rely on Software-Defined Networking (SDN) to deliver programmability, scalability, and dynamic resource management. These strengths also introduce vulnerabilities, exposing SDN controllers and data planes to anomalies such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) flooding attacks. These attacks threaten availability, degrade performance, and undermine network resilience. This research develops a hybrid anomaly characterisation and sensitivity analysis framework tailored for SDN-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) environments. The DOE-GAN-SA framework integrates design of experiments (DOE), generative adversarial networks (GANs), anomaly detection and characterisation (ADC), and sensitivity analysis (SA), providing a unified methodology for analysing and mitigating anomalous behaviour. The study simulated normal and malicious traffic within an emulated SDN-IoT testbed built with Mininet, Oracle VirtualBox, and Ubuntu Linux. Popular DDoS vectors, including HTTP, TCP, and UDP flooding attacks, were launched with the Low Orbit Ion Cannon (LOIC) tool against custom topologies containing OpenFlow-enabled switches and hosts. Performance indicators such as throughput, jitter, and response time were collected. Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and GANs were used to augment datasets and ensure statistical robustness. CART supported anomaly detection and classification, while Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) performed global sensitivity analysis. Repeated experiments and hypothesis tests ensured
statistical credibility. Results demonstrated that the DOE-GAN-SA framework effectively captured service degradations across both normal and DDoS conditions. The hybrid model achieved 99.93 % accuracy and an F1 score of 1.000 for anomaly detection. Sensitivity analysis produced a mean squared error of 9.14 × 10⁻⁴, confirming that the ANN reliably learned the behaviour of throughput, jitter, and response time under multiple scenarios. Compared with existing methods, the framework delivered higher detection accuracy, improved dataset quality through synthetic augmentation, and reduced computational overhead, supporting its suitability for near real-time SDN-IoT deployment. Key contributions include a unified methodology for anomaly characterisation and sensitivity analysis in SDN, empirical validation of synthetic data augmentation for security studies, and identification of parameters that most influence network resilience. The study offers network administrators and security practitioners proactive tools for anomaly detection and performance optimisation, strengthening the development of resilient and secure SDN-IoT infrastructures. Future work will expand the framework to additional attack types and emerging 5G contexts.
Keywords: Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Internet of Things (IoT), Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Design of Experiments (DOE), Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS), Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
Word Count: 355
Influence of Strategic Procurement and Inventory Management on Performance of Public Higher Education Institutions in South-South Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Francis ERHABOR
Performance in public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in South-South Nigeria is often hampered by challenges such as poor procurement planning, corruption, and ineffective inventory control. This study investigated how strategic procurement and inventory management practices
influence the performance of these institutions. Guided by the economic order quantity model, resource-based view, and stakeholder theories, the study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 523 procurement officers and 185 inventory managers from 31 public HEIs across six South-South states. A sample of 274 procurement officers and 105 inventory managers was drawn using a purposive sampling technique to select the study area and institutions. This resulted in picking three of the oldest states (Cross River, Edo, and Rivers) with
well-established institutions and structures. A total enumeration of all procurement officers and inventory managers within these selected institutions was utilized. Data were collected using two sets of questionnaires: "Strategic Procurement and Institutional Performance Questionnaire
(SPIPQ)" and "Inventory Management and Institutional Performance Questionnaire (IMIPQ)" which were developed and adapted respectively. The results indicated a high level of performance. The study found that the most prevalent strategic procurement practices were procurement monitoring, followed by procurement planning, competency and control. The existing inventory management techniques were found to be moderately effective in mitigating inventory shrinkage and related problems. The study also identified prevailing challenges in procurement to be technological challenges, aligning procurement strategies with sustainability goals, collaborating with external entities, regulatory frameworks and policies, budgetary constraints, collaboration with internal stakeholders and governance issues. For inventory management, budgetary constraints and technological challenges were most critical, while stakeholder collaboration and sustainability alignment were least severe. Framework analysis showed that strategic procurement frameworks and inventory management frameworks strongly supported institutional performance. Regression analysis showed that strategic procurement practices had a strong, positive, and significant effect on institutional performance (B = 0.993, β = 0.975, t = 69.687, p < 0.05), while inventory management practices also exerted a significant positive influence (B = 0.570, β = 0.962, t = 32.523, p < 0.05). Among procurement components, procurement control was the strongest predictor (B = 1.653, β = 1.614, p < 0.05), whereas staff competency showed a significant negative relationship (B = -0.868, β = -0.829, p < 0.05). Procurement planning (B = 0.127, p > 0.05) and monitoring (B = 0.073, p > 0.05) had positive but insignificant effects. Furthermore, inventory shrinkage (B = 0.310, β = 0.523, t = 3.199, p < 0.05) and inventory control (B = 0.260, β = 0.444, t = 2.716, p < 0.05) significantly improved performance. In conclusion, the study shows that improving public higher education performance requires strategically strengthening procurement and inventory practices through effective policies, technological integration, and a skilled workforce. It recommends that HEIs enforce strict strategic policies and invest in recruiting and retaining qualified staff in these departments to achieve sustainable institutional growth and excellence.
Keywords: Strategic Procurement, procurement monitoring, procurement planning, Inventory Management, Inventory shrinkage, Performance of Higher Education Institutions,
Word Count: 477
Survival Pattern, Co-morbidity, andQuality ofLife of AdultHIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy inBauchi State, Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Ekerette Emmanuel UDOH
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly improved the survival and quality of life (QOL) for individuals living with HIV. However, challenges in the prevention of HIV-related mortality and poor retention of patients in ART treatment pose threats to effective ART interventions. The co-existence of infections and non-infectious diseases also complicate the outcomes of ART, resulting in debilitating health and poor QOL of people living with HIV
(PLHIV). This study investigated the survival pattern, comorbidities, and QOL of PLHIV in Bauchi state, Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 5,608 HIV-positive adults aged 15 years and older, from two Local Government Area (LGA) clinics between January 2020 and December 2022. A cross-sectional survey of 790 adult PLHIV, 18yrs and older, currently undergoing treatment in same facilities was also conducted between May and October 2023. Retrospective data was extracted from electronic medical record (EMR) and analyzed to assess ART outcomes including treatment interruption, lost-to-follow-up, mortality, and viral load suppression, and their incidence was determined. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis modelled probability estimates of treatment outcomes, while Cox proportional hazard was modeled to identify predictors of survival such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and viral load status. Survey dependent outcomes included symptoms, comorbidities, adherence to ART, and QOL of PLHIV measured with standardized scales. Analysis described PLHIV outcomes and their predictors. While the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was employed to test the hypothesis of the QOL scale with the domain - physical, psychological, social, environmental, spiritual, and economic - to examine how they interact and contribute to the overall quality of life. Results: Mean sample age in retrospective data was 36±8 years. Incidence of treatment interruption decreased over the three years from 33.33 to 27.23 per 100 person years (PY). Incidence of Mortality decreased from 27.78 to 0.81 per 100PY. Having viral load <1000 copies/ml exhibited significantly reduced hazards of lost-to-follow-up (HR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.06 - 0.33, p < 0.001), and mortality (HR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10 - 0.64, p = 0.003)compared to those with higher viral loads. Being overweight had protective influence on mortality (HR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01 - 0.36, p = 0.001), while being underweight increased hazard of mortality (HR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.07 - 6.51, p = 0.036), compared to having normal BMI. Significant burden of HIV symptoms (85%), co-infections (35%), and non-infectious comorbidity (37%) was
demonstrated. Low ART adherence significantly predicted co-morbidity (OR: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.34, 8.36, p = 0.010). High ART adherence exhibited better QOL (β = -12, 95% CI: -14– -9.5, p < 0.001). SEM revealed complexities in QOL factors, indicating that the factors may not align well with the original hypothesis regarding the population. Conclusion: The findings show reductions in ART treatment interruption, lost-to-follow-up, and mortality rates, though challenges with infectious and non-infectious comorbidities, and quality of life remain. Integrated interventions should focus on improving the nutrition and health of PLHIV.
Keywords: Antiretroviral treatment outcomes, Quality of life, Comorbidities, ART adherence, PLHIV.
Word count: 480