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- Inaugural lectures by Professors from different Faculties of Lead City University
Recent Submissions
Business Opportunities, Career Awareness and Entrepreneurial Intention among Business Education Students in Colleges of Education Southwest, Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Olawale Oladele ADENIJI
Despite the integration of entrepreneurship education into Colleges of Education curricula, entrepreneurial intention among business education students in Colleges of Education in Southwest Nigeria remains relatively low. This study investigated the influence of knowledge of business opportunities and career awareness on students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised 1,166 second-year Business Education students in Colleges of Education across Southwest Nigeria, including recently converted Universities of Education. Using total enumeration, the entire population was sampled to enhance validity and reduce bias. Data were collected with an adopted self-structured questionnaire titled Knowledge of Business Opportunities, Career Awareness, and Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (KBAE) (α = 0.893). Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Findings revealed that students exhibited very high level of entrepreneurial intention (x̅ = 3.53), very high level of knowledge of business opportunities (x̅ = 3.56), and very high level of career awareness (x̅ = 3.60). There was a significant influence of knowledge of business opportunities and career awareness on entrepreneurial intention among business education students in Colleges of Education, Southwest Nigeria (R = 0.753, R² = 0.568, F(2,1106) = 725.911, p < .05). Knowledge of business opportunity has higher influence than career awareness (β = 0.646, p < .05; β = 0.145, p < .05) respectively. Relative influence results of the Business Opportunities indices showed that awareness of market trends (B = 0.166, β = 0.167, t = 6.282, p < .05), access to resources (B = 0.170, β = 0.173, t = 7.453, p < .05), and proficiency in entrepreneurial skills (B = 0.495, β = 0.526, t = 19.258, p < .05) significantly predicted entrepreneurial intention, with entrepreneurial skills being most influential. Likewise, career-related factors were significant: exposure to diverse career options
(B = 0.108, β = 0.111, t = 4.115, p < .05), opportunities for skill development (B 0.134, β = 0.113, t = 3.836, p < .05), and access to career counselling (B = 0.371, β = 0.478, t = 16.642, p < .05), with counselling emerging as the strongest predictor. The findings emphasised that Business Opportunities and Career Awareness strategies are crucial in shaping entrepreneurial intentions. Among the career awareness indicators, career counselling exerted the very high influence, followed by opportunities for skills development and career exposure. The study concludes that
entrepreneurial intention is significantly driven by knowledge of business opportunities and career awareness. It recommends the establishment of entrepreneurship incubation centres, adoption of market-responsive curricula, strengthening of counselling services, development of alumni networks, and the use of technology-driven platforms to enhance entrepreneurial readiness and foster national development.
Keywords: Business Opportunity, Market Trends, Resource Availability, Skills Proficiency, Career Awareness, Career Exposure, Skill Development and Career Counselling
Word Count: 430
Earnings Management, Audit Quality and Firm Values for Listed Foods and Beverages Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria (2004-2023)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Emmanuel Akinyele ADEMOLA
Financial statement quality is central to investors’ valuation decisions, as corporate reports provide key signals about firm performance and reduce information asymmetry between managers and stakeholders. Anchored on Signaling Theory and Agency Theory, this study examined the influence of earnings management and audit quality on the values of listed food and beverage manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Despite the acknowledged relevance of earnings management and audit quality in financial reporting, empirical evidence in Nigeria’s manufacturing sector remains inconclusive. An ex-post facto research design was adopted, covering twenty (20) companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group over 20 years (2004–2023). Secondary panel data were sourced from audited annual reports and analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression techniques. Model selection was guided by Chow and Hausman tests, while robustness checks included the Breusch-Pagan Lagrange Multiplier (BP-LM) test for cross-sectional dependence and Wald tests for coefficient stability. Firm value was proxied by Firm Size (FS), Profitability (PROF), Financial Leverage (LEV), Earnings per Share (EPS), and Return on Assets (ROA). Panel unit root results indicated that only PROF was integrated of order one, I(1). Results showed that the cost of goods sold (COGS) exerted a significant positive effect on profitability (PROF; β = 0.063, p < 0.001) and also influenced firm size (p = 0.074). IEX significantly predicted ROA (p = 0.000), while ACC affected ROA (p = 0.015), with DEP showing marginal significance. The EPS model remained statistically weak (p > 0.05). Sales activity ratio (SAR) significantly affected FS (p = 0.001) and PROF (p = 0.031) but negatively influenced ROA (p = 0.016). Debt financing ratio (DFR) positively affected firm size (p = 0.021), whereas collection period (COL) had a strong positive impact on EPS (β = 0.1819, p = 0.000). Regarding audit quality, audit firm size (AFS) positively influenced EPS (p = 0.007) and ROA (p = 0.014). Audit effort (AUE) exhibited a marginally significant negative association with ROA (p = 0.061). Overall, the study concludes that earnings management practices and audit quality significantly influence firm value among Nigeria’s listed food and beverage manufacturing companies, underscoring regulatory implications for strengthening accounting standards and audit oversight.
Keywords: Earnings Management, Expense Recognition, Revenue Recognition, Audit Quality, Firm Value
Word Count: 32
Community Based Tourism and Development of Waterfall Attractions in Erin Ijesha and Arinta Waterfalls in Southwest, Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Adekunle Afeez BASHIRU
This study explored Community Based Tourism and Development of Waterfall Attractions in Erin Ijesha and Arinta Waterfalls in Southwest, Nigeria. Adopting the descriptive survey design, the research examined the roles played by communities in the development of waterfall attractions in South-West, Nigeria, focusing on their participation levels, satisfaction and perceived impact on the host communities. A sample size of 365 residents from the two communities in the region participated in the survey. Questionnaires were used as instrument of data collection. The self-structured questionnaire measured Community’s Role, Participation, Satisfaction in Waterfall Development and Impact of the Waterfalls on Host Communities
respectively. The data collected were analysed using both the descriptive (percentage and mean ranking) and inferential statistics (independent sample t-test and ANOVA statistics). The research findings indicate that residents of the communities in South-West, Nigeria have significant roles to play in the development of waterfall attractions (such as being part of waterfall project planning and implementation [x = 3.81; SD = .787],consulting government to set up tourism plans and projects [x = 3.79; SD = .806] and promotion of tourist attractions [x = 3.77; SD = .843]). However, the study revealed that the actual level of community participation in these developmental tasks is low (as stated by 75.1% of the respondents), leading to a
widespread sense of dissatisfaction (53.1% of the respondents noted) among many community members. Despite this dissatisfaction, the residents believed that the presence of waterfall attractions has positively impacted their cultural heritage and environmental sustainability, highlighting the perceived value of these developments. Moreover, the study identified that while residents showed similarities in terms of gender regarding their levels of participation in waterfall attractions development (t = 1.65; p < 0.05) and perceived impact of the waterfalls on the host communities (t = 1.02; p < 0.05); differences were observed based on age (p < .05) and religion (p < .05). These demographic variations suggest that age and religious affiliation may influence community members’ levels of participation in the development of tourism attractions and its perceived impact on the communities. The findings of this study underline the importance of enhancing community participation and satisfaction in the development of waterfall attractions for fostering sustainable development and promoting the preservation of cultural heritage and environmental sustainability in South-West, Nigeria.
Keywords: Community Development, Community Participation, Tourism, Waterfall Attraction, Stakeholders
Word Count: 275 words
Factors Influencing Modern Contraceptive Uptake among Military Personnel in Southwest, Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Adekemi Omolola ADEGOKE
Modern contraceptive use (MCU) remains a critical public health priority; however, its utilisation among military personnel is relatively low. Military populations are particularly vulnerable to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, due to factors such as high mobility, regimented living arrangements, occupational stress, and engagement in risky sexual behaviours, including multiple sexual partnerships and inconsistent condom use. Despite these risks, contraceptive behaviour among military personnel in Nigeria remains inadequately explored, as most previous studies have focused on civilian populations. This study therefore examined the factors influencing modern contraceptive uptake among military personnel in South West, Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative component employed a cross-sectional survey design. Using stratified cluster and simple random sampling techniques, 1,000 military personnel were selected across South-West formations. Data were collected using a researcher-developed instrument titled Factors Influencing Modern Contraceptive Uptake Questionnaire (FIMCUQ), which demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.738). Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, and means) were used to summarise respondents’ characteristics, while chi-square tests examined associations between background characteristics, knowledge, perceptions, and modern contraceptive use. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify predictors of MCU, with statistical significance set at α = 0.05.The majority of respondents were aged 25–29 years (34.9%), never married (67.1%), and identified as Christians (78.6%). Yoruba ethnicity constituted the largest proportion (31.3%). Most respondents resided in urban areas (75.9%), earned above the national minimum wage (79.4%), and were in the soldier rank category (94.4%). Nearly half (47.4%) reported having no children. Overall, the prevalence of modern contraceptive use was moderate (46.8%). About half of the respondents (48.8%) demonstrated good knowledge of modern contraceptives, while a large majority (85.6%) expressed positive perceptions toward contraceptive use. Modern contraceptive use was significantly higher among respondents with good knowledge (64.2%) compared with those with poor knowledge (43.3%). Uptake was highest among personnel aged 25–29 years (54.9%) and lowest among those aged 40 years and above (45.1%). Soldiers reported higher contraceptive use (55.1%) than officers (39.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that personnel aged 25–29 years (AOR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.83–8.07), those with two children (AOR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.39–3.78), and those with good contraceptive knowledge (AOR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.94–3.46) were more likely to use modern contraceptives. Conversely, personnel with less than five years of service (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.07–0.35), those residing in rural areas (AOR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.37–0.75), and those whose partners had only primary education (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.26–0.74) were significantly less likely to use modern contraceptives. The findings indicate that although awareness of family planning is relatively high, modern contraceptive utilisation among military personnel is shaped by a complex interplay of socio-demographic, service-related, and contextual factors. Targeted, military-specific
reproductive health interventions led by military health authorities and partner organisations are essential to improve modern contraceptive uptake and address the unique needs of this population.
Keywords: Factors influencing, Modern, Contraceptive uptake and Military personnel.
Word Count: 488.
Exchange Rate Fluctuation, Financial Inclusion and Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Southwest Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Adeyombo Gbenga ADEGUNJU
This study investigates the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and financial inclusion on the performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Southwest Nigeria. The research specifically assesses how exchange rate volatility influences cost structure, investment decisions, and cash flow management, while also examining the roles of access to financial services, digital financial tools, and financial literacy in shaping SME growth and operational efficiency. A total of 273 valid responses were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression and correlation analyses. Results indicate that exchange rate fluctuations significantly affect the cost structure (p = 0.002), investment decisions (p = 0.012), and cash flow management (p = 0.004) of SMEs, although the explanatory power of these relationships is modest. Access to financial services shows a statistically significant positive impact on business growth (R = 0.400; R² = 0.160; p < 0.000), while digital financial services moderately enhance operational efficiency (R = 0.241; R² = 0.058; p < 0.000). Financial literacy demonstrates the strongest effect, significantly influencing the financial decision-making of SME owners (R = 0.536; R² = 0.287; p < 0.000). The findings reveal the importance of financial capability and access to inclusive financial products in mitigating the adverse effects of macroeconomic volatility. The study concludes that SME resilience in a fluctuating economic environment requires integrated strategies involving financial education, improved digital infrastructure, and policy reforms that enhance access to tailored financial services. These measures are essential for promoting sustainable growth, strategic investment, and financial stability among SMEs in Southwest Nigeria.
Keywords: Exchange Rate Fluctuation; Financial Inclusion; SMEs; Financial Literacy; Investment Decisions; Digital Financial Services; Operational Efficiency
Word Count: 298