Browsing by Author "Bukola Mujidat MUSTAPHA"

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    Effectiveness of Educational Intervention on Water Sanitation and Hygiene Practices Among Rural Dwellers in Two Local Government Areas in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Bukola Mujidat MUSTAPHA
    Inadequate Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) practices pose significant Public Health challenges in rural Nigeria, contributing to diseases like diarrhoea and cholera due to reliance on unprotected water sources and open defaecation. Rural dwellers in Akinyele and Ido Local Government Areas of Ibadan, Oyo State, face limited access to safe water and sanitation facilities, with scanty data on their WASH behaviours. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention in enhancing WASH practices among these communities, addressing gaps in behaviour change to reduce health risks and support Sustainable Development Goal 6 for universal access to clean water and sanitation. The study employ both Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST) and Health Belief models to explore WASH practices in the two areas. A pre/post-intervention survey design was utilized, involving 300 rural dwellers selected through a three-stage sampling technique from wards, compounds, and households in two purposively chosen communities. Data collection employed a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire, covering sociodemographic characteristics, WASH awareness, practices, and barriers, complemented by four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to explore perceptions and prevention strategies. WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring programme WASH standardized core questionnaire for household template was adapted to design the questionnaire. The intervention featured community-based training sessions on water treatment, handwashing, and sanitation. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Spearman correlation, multiple linear regression and independent sample T-tests at a 5% significance level, while qualitative data underwent content analysis. Results indicated a predominantly female (56.4%) having secondary school education (55.4%) and married (64.7%), with 44.0% aged 21–40 years. Mean age ±36.9. Well water was the primary source (58.7%), and 55.7% lacked private sanitation facilities, leading to open defaecation. Water scarcity (43.4%) and absence of toilet facilities 916.8%) are the major constraints. Post intervention revealed that 63.6% found the training beneficial, and 58.7% adopted new practices, with 54.7% of open defaecators willing to change. Barriers to WASH implementation included water scarcity (73.3%), inadequate sanitation facilities and constraints (43.4%). 95.3% agreed on WASH training and 66.3% confirmed the training was beneficial (regression coefficient = -54.35). 63% took action while FGDs emphasized water treatment and handwashing for disease prevention. There was a statistically significant relationship between gender and water component of WASH evidenced by a mean difference of 11.4 ± 4.7 (p = 0.016) with males having a higher score compared to females. There was a statistically significant relationship between highest level of education and sanitation (p = 0.033) at baseline. The educational intervention improved practices, particularly water handling among women, and reduced educational disparities in sanitation, though structural barriers persisted. Pre and post-intervention comparisons revealed notable improvements in WASH practices, particularly in water handling and sanitation. The findings of this study highlights the efficacy of educational interventions in fostering water sanitation and hygiene(WASH) behaviour change in rural Nigeria, recommending ongoing health education, government-led infrastructure improvements, and community involvement to ensure sustainability. By addressing awareness gaps and barriers, such efforts can mitigate WASH related diseases and promote equitable health outcomes. Keywords: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Sources of water, Open defaecation Word Count: 494