Browsing by Author "OGUNSOLA, Yusuf Opeyemi"

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    PREVALENCE AND KNOWLEDGE OF RISK FACTORS OF TOXOPLASMOSIS INFECTION AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) OGUNSOLA, Yusuf Opeyemi
    The causative agent of Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii still has low mortality rate among adults but its destructive effects on People Living with HIV include Encephalitis, chorioretinitis, mental retardation and eye blindness, and this cannot be overemphasized. Recent information on prevalence among adult and devastating effects of this parasitic infection on the People Living with HIV is still lacking in Ibadan, Nigeria. In view of the above, this study was therefore designed to determine the prevalence of anti-Toxoplama IgG, risk factors of Toxoplasma infection and knowledge of Toxoplasmosis among People Living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria. This descriptive cross-sectional study examined three hundred and sixty eight People Living with HIV selected from PEPFER Clinics in eleven local government areas of Ibadan using multi-stage sampling method. 2ml of blood was collected from each participant. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection and knowledge of People Living with HIV about Toxoplasmosis. Individual blood serum was screened for anti-Toxoplasma IgG using Enzyme Linked Immunoassay. Exposures to Toxoplasma infection was defined as a score of ≥1 out of sum two or more factors scoring 1 point for each. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi square, P-value = 0.05. The mean age of the participant was 39.76 (±12.38) years. Toxoplasma IgG seroprevalence was 22.8%. The seroprevalence was highest (32.3%) among participants age of 41-50 years, with regards to those that were positive 48 (21.2%) were married, 44 (23.4%) had secondary education, 20(16.1%) engaged in market business women, 64(21.3%) are Yorubas, 12 (30.0%) already had more than three children, 64(30.2%) were from monogamous family, 20 (15.6%) practiced Islamic faith, with regards to those that were positive 12 (12%) had habit of eating washed vegetables. Among the People Living with HIV, there was significant association between Toxoplasma IgG seroprevalence and type of family. eating asun, eating vegetable salad, the type of toilet used, contact with cats and the unit of blood ever received for blood transfusion, P< 0.05. The odds is 0.374 time lower among those that have ever received a unit of blood than those that have ever received more than one unit of blood, and are statistically significant at p < 0.05 (OR = 0.374; CI: 0.169 – 0.830). None of the People Living with HIV had knowledge of Toxoplasmosis: its route of transmission, signs and symptoms, it’s effects ontheir lifestyle, effects on immune status and the way to prevent or avoid the infection. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG was associated with consumption of vegetable salad, cat possession, family type, serial blood transfusion and consumption of “asun”. The participants did not know anything about Toxoplasmosis. Health education and screening for Toxoplasmosis among People Living with HIV is recommended.. Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, people living with HIV, cat possession, vegetable salads, Enzyme Linked ImmunoAssay Word count: 456