Browsing by Author "Pierre SMITH"

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    Assessment of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the United Kingdom
    (Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences Vol. 13 Issue 1 (March, 2025), 2025-03) Pierre SMITH; Kolawole FARINLOYE; Samson OJO; Mayowa ADULOJU; Sunmola FASHOLA; Oyeyemi SORETIRE; Matilda ADETUBERU; Faith ALAGI
    This study investigated and provided an understanding of effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism and hospitality industry, in the United Kingdom. For this research, explanatory research design was adopted. The survey followed the standard measures comprising 250 structured questionnaires, divided into four (4) sections, namely demographic profile; COVID-19 behaviour; Tourists’ attitude and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. With tourism and hospitality operators of national importance selected through proportionate stratified sampling technique as the respondents, only 207 feedbacks were retrieved, while data from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) was equally be reviewed. Data were analysed through Man-Whitney (U), and Kruskal-Wallis (H) test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Factor analysis with Varimax rotation (reliability and convergent validity of construct). Finally, Ordinal regression (PLUM) and Multinomial Logistic Model (MLR) were applied for assessing the influences of effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism and hospitality industry, in the United Kingdom. Findings revealed a high level (0.84%) of Covid-19’s effect on tourism and hospitality operators. More than 60% of respondents correctly answered majority of questions, but few cases namely time, value of money and less corporate tax, were major negative (-0.45) effects of the pandemic on their operations. Except share for the transport-markets, regulatory frameworks and corporate tax, level of effects of the pandemic were not varying statistically according to area of studies. It was also found that maximum selected indicators of effects of the pandemic were dependent on control variables except source of income, attended patronage and profit returns. Data further showed that transport and logistics were the worse-hit by the pandemic, wherein respondents recorded 100% losses; significant at α=0.859 and β=0.897, respectively. It can be concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on the tourism and hospitality industry in the United Kingdom. Increased level of education and awareness are really necessary to forestall any future outbreaks’ effect of such magnitude on the said industry.