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Item Portrayal of Culture of Silence and Stigmatisation of Sexually Abused Women Characters in Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi’s Kintu(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities, 0202) Tolulope Olabimpe RAJI; Racheal ALUKO, PhDAbstract Previous studies on rape and its detrimental have shown that three out of five women have been victims of sexual abuse in some point in life. Having sex with somebody without the person's consent is rape. The presentation of rape in literally works is an extension of the reality of the act. The study depends on content analysis as tool for the analysis. Emphasis is however placed on the issue of rape in Kintu by Makumbi Jennifer. The subsequent result shows challenges faced by the victims of rape and ways the character(s) cope with the disturbing effects of rape on the family, the response of the society to the rape victims and the culture of silence among the victims. This study reveals, through the authors’ portrayal of the characters and events in the novel, the harmful outcome of rape. The study concludes that rape victims generally suffer in silence. Keywords: Rape, Stigmatisation, Portrayal, Culture, Characters, Silence, VictimsItem Editing Pictures and other Illustrative Materials in the Art of Book Publishing(Journal of Capital Development and Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Lambert A Ihebuzor, Ph.DThe art of book publishing beings with a manuscript – getting it and shaping it towards publication. In a bid to publicize and spread among people the words, pictures and other forms of illustrative materials the imaginative and mind (authors, photographers, illustrators, etc.) have produced, editors and publishers as it were, open and close the ‘gate’ that stands between the information source (authors, photographers, illustrators, etc) and the receiver (reader). Both words and pictures are ‘set in order’ before publication. Pictures and other illustrative materials must bear captions, stating what the pictures cannot say for themselves. This paper stresses the fact that editing as gate keeping process is not restricted to accepting and rejecting of manuscripts for publication. It is the process of building a nexus between text and image (pictures and other forms of illustrative materials) during its transformation from the authors manuscript to the printer’s plate.Item Good Governance and Local Government Administration for Development: Multiple Perspectives(Journal of Capital Development In Behavioural Science, 2013-04) Fajonyomi, S. Olubanji; Fadeke E. Olu-OwolabiAbstract This paper examines the relationship between good governance and local government administration. It begins with a review of the concepts of the good governance, local government administration their importance for development at the local government level. It argues that both good governance and local government administration need to coexist if any meaningful development is to take place at local level. The paper further identifies some problems that hinder good governance at the local level and suggests ways of solving them. Key Words: Good Governance, Local Government AdministrationItem Education, Moral Values and Human Society: A Constructive Reflection(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) EDEMA Philip AkporduadoThe paper that follows is an exercise and reflection in philosophy and education, using the methodologies of conceptual clarification, analysis, exposition and argumentation. The paper examines and interrogates the position and the role of education and moral values in the pursuit of the common good of society. This paper states that education needs to prepare individuals to seek for the common good of society, most especially in whatever situating they find themselves in life. Education as a moving train has been and continues to be fundamental to the development of citizens. Moral values, on the other hand, bring to play the value of education and how individuals should apply such values in their daily activities within a given society. This paper therefore submits that education and morality have the same foundation inherent in human nature and this can be realised in a conducive human society. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is a distinct relationship between these three terminologies, (education, moral values and human society) and that they complement one anotherItem Old Words, New Meanings: A Survey of Semantic Change Amongst Yoruba-English Bilingual Undergraduates(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Robbin AnjolaLanguage functions best when it serves the communicative intent of its users, even if such is achieved by adding, removing or modifying the existing meanings of words. This development and change of the semantic structure of a word usually brings about qualitative and quantitative development of the vocabulary. The focus of this paper is to review semantic change that has occurred with some Yoruba words, its types and the motivations of such especially amongst undergraduates using Blank Andreas’s principles and motive for semantic change as theoretical framework. The tool used for the study is a self-constructed questionnaire administered to Yoruba English Bilingual and a corpus of words that have undergone semantic change frequently used by them. The findings reveals that using words that have undergone meaning change is a frequent occurrence amongst Yoruba-English Bilingual undergraduates, a habit motivated by linguistic, psychological, sociocultural and cultural/encyclopedic forces. Also, it was found that the principles similarity, contiguity and contrast. as highlighted by Blank underlie all the types of semantic changes identified. Keywords: Semantic Change, Extended Meaning, Language, Blank’s Theoretical Principles for Semantic ChangeItem Exploring Parents and Teachers Perceptions on Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse on Academic Pursuit of Students in Selected Secondary Schools in Nasarawa State(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Adamu Ibrahim; Dr Y. Lawal; Adamu YahayaThe researchers conducted a research work on causes and effects of Drug abuse on Academic pursuit of Students in selected Secondary Schools in Nasarawa state. The study had six objectives, and as a guide six null hypotheses were raised. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study targeted 3879 parents and teachers that attended Parents, Teachers Association (PTA) meetings in selected five secondary schools in the state. The sample size was 776, comprising 622 parents and 154 teachers. Data were generated through four rating structured questionnaire. SPSS was used to analyze data collected using regression analysis to test null hypotheses one, two and three, while t-test was used to test null hypotheses four, five and six. All the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed, among others, that 88% of the variance in academic pursuit of students is attributed to drug abuse. Among the recommendations provided to address the situation is that parents should monitor the activities of their children and guide the type of friends they move with. This will help to protect them from undue influence of friends on their attitude towards the use of unauthorized drugs.Item Post-exercise Cardiovascular Status of Pupils in Ibadan(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Dr Moses, M.O.; Dr Onyezere, J.O.; Dr Abass, A.O.This paper comparatively examines the cardiovascular status measured in terms of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of primary school pupils in Ibadan after going through a 12-week progressive resistance exercise training. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) volunteered pupils were drawn purposively from four (two public and two private) primary schools in Ibadan. The randomized classic experimental research design with one experimental and one control group was employed in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used to allocate sixty (60) participants to each of the two groups, namely: the progressive resistance exercise (PRE) and the control groups. The PRE trainings adhered strictly to the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines on quality and quantity of exercise trainings. The control group did not partake in any organised training during the period. However, the pupils were not restricted from their normal daily activities. The cardiovascular variables measured were subjected to frequency counts, percentages, normative table scores, mean and standard deviation for analysis and discussions. Results show that the average age of the pupils was 9 years 8 months, 68 (56.7%) of the participants were male while 52 (43.3%) were female; the post-training mean height of the participants in the PRE group is 1.36±0.09m while that of weight is 29.52± 5.82kg. It also reveals that post-exercise HR (81.86bpm within 80-120bpm) of the participants were at the normal level and their average post-exercise blood pressure (98.94/61.87mmHg) were normal within 100-120/60-75mmHg. The post-exercise cardiovascular fitness level of the pupils in Ibadan is normal. Hence, they are apparently healthy to be able to cope with the rigour of training using PRE modus operandi for any professional sports carrier. They should be exposed to vigorously healthy activities that will prepare them to live healthy and physically fit lifestyles in future. Key words: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Progressive resistance exercise, Training, Primary school pupilsItem DRESS CODE COMPLIANCE AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN THE FACULTY OF LAW, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVER SITY, ILE IFE(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Prince ALADEGBOLA; Ade G.; Emily Adeloye (Ph.D)This study is meant to investigate the extent at which the undergraduates in the faculty of Law Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) comply with the university approved dress code. It is meant to investigate the position of the school authority in ensuring that the dress code is adhered unto by the students in the legal training. A total of 200 students that were randomly selected across the class levels in the Faculty of Law, Obafemi Awolowo University constituted the sample for the study. A self designed question naira entitled “Law Students and Dress (LSDC)” was used to collect data for the study. The two hypotheses raised and tested using t-test statistics were accepted in their null form. Findings from the study indicated that both the male and female Law undergraduates manifested the same attitude to dress code. Also revealed by the study was that the law students were not different in their compliance levels despite the differences in the class levels. It was finally recommended that the university management, particularly the authorities of the Faculty of Law should emphasise more on the necessity to comply by introducing some “hard to bear consequences”. Keywords: Law, Faculty, UndergraduatesItem Climate Risks and Livelihoods Adaptation in the Sub Africa: A Review(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Science, 2013-04) Grace OLOUKOI, Ph.DClimate change impacts all human systems including livelihoods of all regions of the world. The livelihoods activities of the sub-Sahara Africa in particular are already affected because of the fact that the region is highly dependent on natural resources, most of which are climate sensitive. This paper reviews attributes of livelihoods impacts of climate risks and provides highlights of adaptation strategies and monitoring tools that are available within the regionItem EVALUATION OF THE AVAILABILITY AND USE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES AND SERVICES BY SANDWICH STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF LEAD CITY UNIVERSITY, IBADAN, OYO STATE.(Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 2541., 2019-05-07) Adetunji, Albert O.; Oladokun, Taofeek AbiodunPart-time and Distance education is fast gaining global acceptance with millions of enrolments annually. Stakeholders have argued that, just like regular students, those who chose this mode of study deserve the highest quality services available. As a result, Library and Information service providers are seeking to understand this group of users in order to properly meet their information needs and design services that best fit their unique characteristics. The study thus examined the availability and use of Library and Information Services by Part-time, Students at Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria. A self administered questionnaire was used to gather data. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS for Windows Version 20. Descriptive analysis was performed on the data which yielded percentages, frequencies, means, and standard deviation that described the central tendency and sample distribution. The study found that, although they have diverse information needs, part -time students have limited access to the resources and services of the Lead City University Library and majority of them turn to other sources that are easily within reach like the internet. In the light of the findings, the study recommended that libraries should take the advantage of ICT in facilitating remote access to electronic format of books and journals and extend Information literacy services to part-time students.Item Influence of Personal and Occupational Stressors on Job Performance of Library Staff in Private Universities in Oyo State - Nigeria(Brazilian Journal of Information Science: Research trends, 2020) Oyadeyi, Adekunle Emmanuel; Fasola, Omobolanle Seri; Oladokun, Taofeek AbiodunThe study investigated the influence of personal and occupational stressors on job performance of library staff in private universities in Oyo State, Nigeria. A survey research method was adopted in the conduct of this study. The population of the study includes all library staff in private universities in Oyo State, Nigeria using total enumeration sampling technique. Questionnaire was the major instrument used for data collection. The data collected was analyzed using table of frequency, percentage counts and mean analysis. The study’s findings revealed a significant correlation between personal stress, job stress and job performance. According to the findings, underachieving, financial problem, resentment, job insecurity, relationship and health issues are stress stimulants that contribute to personal stress among library personnel in private universities in Oyo State. While disrespect from library users, poor working conditions, working overtime, work overload, and using personal resources to work constitute major occupational stressors for library staff. These stressors are significantly correlated with absenteeism, low productivity, resignation, lateness, sleeplessness and alcoholismItem Information Literacy Skills, Availability of Information Resources as Factors Inflfluencing Research Productivity of Academic Staff of Lead City University, Nigeria(Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 4165., 2020-04) Afolabi, Toyosi; Oladokun, Taofeek AbiodunThe study was carried out to evaluate the relationships between information availability, information literacy skills and research productivity among scholars at Lead City University Ibadan. The quantitative research method was adopted with a self developed questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The study sample which consists of 71 academic staff was selected through the proportionate sampling procedure from four faculties in the university. Data analysis revealed a significant relationship between information availability, information literacy skills and research productivity. The study recommended that the library create more awareness about the available resources and conduct information search and retrieval training for library patrons to improve their information literacy skills.Item Dissection of Hazardous Climate and Farmer-herder Conflicts in Nigeria(AJIAD, 2021) Oluyemi Fayomi; Olalekan Adigun; Audu Bako; Tolu Bamidele-ifedayoItem Climate of Fear and Food Insecurity in Africa(AJIAD, 2021) Lere AmusanItem Boko Haram, Herdmen and Niger Delta Militancy: Exploring the Dynamics of Nigeria’s Security Challenges(AJIAD, 2021) Innocent Ocholi & Nnamdi OkonkwoThe reality in Nigeria today is the danger posed by centrifugal social forces that has resulted in high rate of insecurity. The failure of past governments in their efforts to address holistically, the security challenges confronting the country has given rise to the growth of insecurity and their attendant challenges. The mayhem unleashed by the Boko Haram Islamic sect on citizens of the country, particularly in the Northeast geo-political zone had led to loss of lives, properties and the displacement of over 200,000 people in that part of Nigeria. Kidnapping, rape, armed robbery, destruction of oil facilities by Niger Delta militants alongside the attacks carried out by perceived Fulani Herdsmen on some communities in the North, Middle Belt and South of the country are also major security challenges facing the country. As a result of the dynamics of these centrifugal social forces, Nigeria has been listed among the terrorist countries of the world. Government responses to these challenges have been a mixture of carrot-and-stick approach that has not put an end to the menace. Rather, the rate of insurgency and in fact, general insecurity in the country is becoming alarming with each passing day. This paper contributes to the growing literature on this issue but, in addition, argues that there should be re-conceptualization of government failed approach in favour of a holistic and ideology driven approach. Relying strongly on secondary source for its validated and authenticated study data, the paper adopted the relative deprivation theory and argues that feeling of mass deprivation has resulted in aggressive and violent behavior by a large proportion of Nigerian youths. The resultant organized violent behaviour has found outlets in terrorism, banditry, militancy among others. Concluding that insecurity has been the bane of stability, growth and development in Nigeria, the paper recommended among others, that government should improve human, economic and security governance through well taught out policies and implementable programmes. Keywords: Security, Terrorism, Insecurity, Boko Haram, Militants and BanditsItem The Nexus between Peace, Human Rights and Development in the Promotion of People’s Human Rights in Zimbabwe(AJIAD, 2021) Bothwell ChitenguThis paper seeks to clearly explain some crucial links between peace, human rights and development. The central argument is that there has been a recent discovery of the strong link between peace, human rights and development which has to be exploited for effective human development to be realised. The major findings were that there is a strong dialectical nexus between peace, human rights and development. The central conclusions were that the article constructed a theory of ‘positive peace, participation and human rights’, which takes into account peace, human rights and development in order to promote the quality of human rights. Furthermore, the article argues that the absence of effective institutions to promote and respect human rights may lead to a conflict trap and resultantly an upsurge of physical violence. The findings were that there is need to take into account the linkages between peace and human rights which are crucial in the improvement of the quality of human rights for the people. The policy implications deriving from this research were that there is dire need to integrate the three pillars of peace, development and human rights to reduce conflict and promote stability in societies. Peace and human rights are key phrases used. Keywords: Development, Human rights, Peace, Poverty, UniversalismItem Gulf States Scramble for the Horn of Africa: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates (UAE).(AJIAD, 2021) Bashiru Salihu; Adeleke OgunnoikiThe Horn of Africa, so named for its hornlike shape when viewed on a map or from outer space, is a geostrategic region on the African continent owing to its proximity to the shipping lane sea-borne goods and oil, worth millions of dollars from the Persian Gulf, pass through on a daily basis from the Gulf of Aden, through the chokepoint Bab el-Mandeb, to the Red Sea, and then the Suez Canal which leads to the Mediterranean Sea. Made up of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia, the Horn of Africa has become attractive to a number of foreign powers that are jockeying to have a foothold in it. Among these external powers with competing diplomatic, economic and security interests are the Gulf States in the Arabian Peninsula – Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) which are investing huge capital, and building seaports and military bases in the geostrategic region. This paper examines Gulf States scramble for the Horn of Africa with a focus on the protagonist, the UAE. For the study, data were garnered from secondary sources. Theoretically, the Game Theory was adopted for the study. The paper concludes that the UAE has done remarkably well over the years by investing billions of dollars in development projects in the region. However, its investment will be at stake, if a divided Somalia distabilises the region in the nearest future. Keywords: Horn of Africa, Gulf States, UAE, Military Base, Port.Item The ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement and Implications for Border Security Management of the Nigeria-Republic of Benin Borders(AJIAD, 2021) Allwell AkhigbeThis paper interrogates the ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement and the implications for border security management of the Nigeria-Republic of Benin borders. The ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons was enacted in 1979 to ensure the free flow of persons, goods and services deemed crucial to attaining economic integration. Despite the benefits of the Protocol including promotion of free trade and commerce as well as easy exchange of human resources across the border, severe challenges still persist such as the concomitant increase in Transnational Organized Crimes (TOCs) that are a signature of African borders. Human trafficking is a particularly notorious crime that this article pays attention to due to the emphasis by the ECOWAS Common Approach to Migration of 2008. Porosity of the borders and inefficient border facilities are also obstacles. The ECOWAS Protocol though well intentioned has further aggravated the problems faced by Nigeria and the Republic of Benin as regards borders in the sub-region. Unofficial routes have sprung up thereby compounding the issue of policing these borders. It is imperative that the governments of Nigeria, the Republic of Benin and the ECOWAS authorities begin to reconsider the effects of the protocol in the light of the current realities. This paper makes the case for a more proactive implementation of the ECOWAS protocol by installation and maintenance of sound border facilities, promotion of inter agency cooperation across border agencies of both countries and appropriate funding for these border agencies Keywords: ECOWAS Protocol, Transnational organized crimes, free movement, border security.Item Politics and Dynamics of Personality Cult in Africa(AJIAD, 2021) Chikwado Ezugworie; Victor NwawubeA personality cult is a circumstance where an open figure is purposely introduced to the individuals of a nation as an extraordinary individual who ought to be appreciated and adored. It is relevant to comprehend that distinctive African nations had early fathers from the religious to secular world who contributed colossally to the disclosure and systematization of country states. These personalities are expected to be adored as trailblazers of nationhood but have been subverted with present-day characters whose belief systems and perspectives are very unusual to the nations. The thrust of this paper is on a personality cult, religion and politics in Africa. Data were collected using the documentary method and analyzed via the content analysis method. The study was anchored on the theory of charismatic leadership propounded by Robert Tucker (1968). The study discovered that cults were part of a larger universe of symbolic politics that played a vital role in disseminating party goals and social hierarchies and that they served to centre emotions and loyalties in a particular symbol. However, a pure instrumentalist view fails to account for the cults’ numerous popular manifestations, particularly in local contexts. The examination in this way prescribes, among others, that authority and non-formally attributed implications ought to be paid attention to in state-society connections to encourage and continue pioneer cliques. Keywords: Personality Cult, Religion, Politics, Ethnicity and AfricaItem Return on investment (ROI) in subscription databases by Nigerian academic libraries: a survey(Folia Toruniensia, 2021-08-23) Oyadeyi, Adekunle Emmanuel; Oladokun, Taofeek Abiodun; Shorunke, Oludare Adebanji; Fasola, Omobolanle SeriAim: There seems to be a dearth of literature on how much Nigerian university libraries are spending on the acquisition of Online Electronic Database (OED). This study sets out to investigate the annual cost of acquiring this important and evolving aspect of library collection with the view of determining whether the returns in terms of utilization is commensurate with the invested fund. Methodology: The study adopts a quantitative research method. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data from 55 librarians in 41 academic libraries across Nigeria. The data collected were processed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Findings: Academic libraries in Nigeria spend an average of ₦12,500,000 or $32,637 on OED subscriptions annually. The study has shown that Nigerian academic libraries usually subscribe to the EBSCOhost and Research4Life databases with few adding specialized databases such as Law Pavilion, HeinOnline, Legalpedia, and ScienceDirect. To ensure adequate returns on investment, the libraries are massively providing support infrastructures, user education, and other information services. However, challenges limiting the widespread use of online databases include irregular power supply and slow internet connectivity among others. Conclusions: The study, therefore, concludes that there is a middling to low return on subscribed OED in Nigerian academic libraries. However, there are still various huddles that must be scaled for Nigerian academic libraries to reap adequate returns on their investments in online electronic databases.