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Portrayal of Culture of Silence and Stigmatisation of Sexually Abused Women Characters in Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi’s Kintu
(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities, 0202) Tolulope Olabimpe RAJI; Racheal ALUKO, PhD
Abstract Previous studies on rape and its detrimental have shown that three out of five women have been victims of sexual abuse in some point in life. Having sex with somebody without the person's consent is rape. The presentation of rape in literally works is an extension of the reality of the act. The study depends on content analysis as tool for the analysis. Emphasis is however placed on the issue of rape in Kintu by Makumbi Jennifer. The subsequent result shows challenges faced by the victims of rape and ways the character(s) cope with the disturbing effects of rape on the family, the response of the society to the rape victims and the culture of silence among the victims. This study reveals, through the authors’ portrayal of the characters and events in the novel, the harmful outcome of rape. The study concludes that rape victims generally suffer in silence. Keywords: Rape, Stigmatisation, Portrayal, Culture, Characters, Silence, Victims
Editing Pictures and other Illustrative Materials in the Art of Book Publishing
(Journal of Capital Development and Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Lambert A Ihebuzor, Ph.D
The art of book publishing beings with a manuscript – getting it and shaping it towards publication. In a bid to publicize and spread among people the words, pictures and other forms of illustrative materials the imaginative and mind (authors, photographers, illustrators, etc.) have produced, editors and publishers as it were, open and close the ‘gate’ that stands between the information source (authors, photographers, illustrators, etc) and the receiver (reader). Both words and pictures are ‘set in order’ before publication. Pictures and other illustrative materials must bear captions, stating what the pictures cannot say for themselves. This paper stresses the fact that editing as gate keeping process is not restricted to accepting and rejecting of manuscripts for publication. It is the process of building a nexus between text and image (pictures and other forms of illustrative materials) during its transformation from the authors manuscript to the printer’s plate.
Good Governance and Local Government Administration for Development: Multiple Perspectives
(Journal of Capital Development In Behavioural Science, 2013-04) Fajonyomi, S. Olubanji; Fadeke E. Olu-Owolabi
Abstract This paper examines the relationship between good governance and local government administration. It begins with a review of the concepts of the good governance, local government administration their importance for development at the local government level. It argues that both good governance and local government administration need to coexist if any meaningful development is to take place at local level. The paper further identifies some problems that hinder good governance at the local level and suggests ways of solving them. Key Words: Good Governance, Local Government Administration
Education, Moral Values and Human Society: A Constructive Reflection
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) EDEMA Philip Akporduado
The paper that follows is an exercise and reflection in philosophy and education, using the methodologies of conceptual clarification, analysis, exposition and argumentation. The paper examines and interrogates the position and the role of education and moral values in the pursuit of the common good of society. This paper states that education needs to prepare individuals to seek for the common good of society, most especially in whatever situating they find themselves in life. Education as a moving train has been and continues to be fundamental to the development of citizens. Moral values, on the other hand, bring to play the value of education and how individuals should apply such values in their daily activities within a given society. This paper therefore submits that education and morality have the same foundation inherent in human nature and this can be realised in a conducive human society. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is a distinct relationship between these three terminologies, (education, moral values and human society) and that they complement one another
Old Words, New Meanings: A Survey of Semantic Change Amongst Yoruba-English Bilingual Undergraduates
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Robbin Anjola
Language functions best when it serves the communicative intent of its users, even if such is achieved by adding, removing or modifying the existing meanings of words. This development and change of the semantic structure of a word usually brings about qualitative and quantitative development of the vocabulary. The focus of this paper is to review semantic change that has occurred with some Yoruba words, its types and the motivations of such especially amongst undergraduates using Blank Andreas’s principles and motive for semantic change as theoretical framework. The tool used for the study is a self-constructed questionnaire administered to Yoruba English Bilingual and a corpus of words that have undergone semantic change frequently used by them. The findings reveals that using words that have undergone meaning change is a frequent occurrence amongst Yoruba-English Bilingual undergraduates, a habit motivated by linguistic, psychological, sociocultural and cultural/encyclopedic forces. Also, it was found that the principles similarity, contiguity and contrast. as highlighted by Blank underlie all the types of semantic changes identified. Keywords: Semantic Change, Extended Meaning, Language, Blank’s Theoretical Principles for Semantic Change
Exploring Parents and Teachers Perceptions on Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse on Academic Pursuit of Students in Selected Secondary Schools in Nasarawa State
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Adamu Ibrahim; Dr Y. Lawal; Adamu Yahaya
The researchers conducted a research work on causes and effects of Drug abuse on Academic pursuit of Students in selected Secondary Schools in Nasarawa state. The study had six objectives, and as a guide six null hypotheses were raised. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study targeted 3879 parents and teachers that attended Parents, Teachers Association (PTA) meetings in selected five secondary schools in the state. The sample size was 776, comprising 622 parents and 154 teachers. Data were generated through four rating structured questionnaire. SPSS was used to analyze data collected using regression analysis to test null hypotheses one, two and three, while t-test was used to test null hypotheses four, five and six. All the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed, among others, that 88% of the variance in academic pursuit of students is attributed to drug abuse. Among the recommendations provided to address the situation is that parents should monitor the activities of their children and guide the type of friends they move with. This will help to protect them from undue influence of friends on their attitude towards the use of unauthorized drugs.
Post-exercise Cardiovascular Status of Pupils in Ibadan
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Dr Moses, M.O.; Dr Onyezere, J.O.; Dr Abass, A.O.
This paper comparatively examines the cardiovascular status measured in terms of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of primary school pupils in Ibadan after going through a 12-week progressive resistance exercise training. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) volunteered pupils were drawn purposively from four (two public and two private) primary schools in Ibadan. The randomized classic experimental research design with one experimental and one control group was employed in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used to allocate sixty (60) participants to each of the two groups, namely: the progressive resistance exercise (PRE) and the control groups. The PRE trainings adhered strictly to the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines on quality and quantity of exercise trainings. The control group did not partake in any organised training during the period. However, the pupils were not restricted from their normal daily activities. The cardiovascular variables measured were subjected to frequency counts, percentages, normative table scores, mean and standard deviation for analysis and discussions. Results show that the average age of the pupils was 9 years 8 months, 68 (56.7%) of the participants were male while 52 (43.3%) were female; the post-training mean height of the participants in the PRE group is 1.36±0.09m while that of weight is 29.52± 5.82kg. It also reveals that post-exercise HR (81.86bpm within 80-120bpm) of the participants were at the normal level and their average post-exercise blood pressure (98.94/61.87mmHg) were normal within 100-120/60-75mmHg. The post-exercise cardiovascular fitness level of the pupils in Ibadan is normal. Hence, they are apparently healthy to be able to cope with the rigour of training using PRE modus operandi for any professional sports carrier. They should be exposed to vigorously healthy activities that will prepare them to live healthy and physically fit lifestyles in future. Key words: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Progressive resistance exercise, Training, Primary school pupils
DRESS CODE COMPLIANCE AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN THE FACULTY OF LAW, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVER SITY, ILE IFE
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2013-04) Prince ALADEGBOLA; Ade G.; Emily Adeloye (Ph.D)
This study is meant to investigate the extent at which the undergraduates in the faculty of Law Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) comply with the university approved dress code. It is meant to investigate the position of the school authority in ensuring that the dress code is adhered unto by the students in the legal training. A total of 200 students that were randomly selected across the class levels in the Faculty of Law, Obafemi Awolowo University constituted the sample for the study. A self designed question naira entitled “Law Students and Dress (LSDC)” was used to collect data for the study. The two hypotheses raised and tested using t-test statistics were accepted in their null form. Findings from the study indicated that both the male and female Law undergraduates manifested the same attitude to dress code. Also revealed by the study was that the law students were not different in their compliance levels despite the differences in the class levels. It was finally recommended that the university management, particularly the authorities of the Faculty of Law should emphasise more on the necessity to comply by introducing some “hard to bear consequences”. Keywords: Law, Faculty, Undergraduates
Climate Risks and Livelihoods Adaptation in the Sub Africa: A Review
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Science, 2013-04) Grace OLOUKOI, Ph.D
Climate change impacts all human systems including livelihoods of all regions of the world. The livelihoods activities of the sub-Sahara Africa in particular are already affected because of the fact that the region is highly dependent on natural resources, most of which are climate sensitive. This paper reviews attributes of livelihoods impacts of climate risks and provides highlights of adaptation strategies and monitoring tools that are available within the region
Maxmising Cascade Model of Training to Facilitate Voter Education Club (VEC) for Secondary School Students in Nigeria
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Adedeji, Matthew Ajadi; Oyedeji, Toyin
The cascade model of training involves the delivery of training through layers of trainers until it reaches the final target group like waterfalls from the top to the bottom of a hill. This was a model adopted by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to establish Voter Education Club (VEC) in secondary schools in Nigeria. The idea began with the INEC Chairman, Professor Athairu Jega, training INEC State Commissioners who in turn trained selected principals of secondary schools covering the thirty-six states plus the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). They in turn went to train other principals and designated (VEC) coordinators and thus (VEC) emerged as a process of political enlightenment to young political leaders of tomorrow. Other models were recommended for the perpetuity of the project. It was therefore recommended that INEC, NOA and other stakeholders in the national electoral processes give close monitoring to these clubs that are ubiquitous. The activities of the club coordinators should also be monetized that it may not amount to a still-born project. Key words: Cascade model, training, INEC, Principals of Secondary School and Perpetuity.
Engaging Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Public- private Partnerships (Ppps) for Nigeria’s Human Capital Development
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences Vol. 2. Nos 1 & 2, 2014-10) Odeleye, Donald A.; Odeleye, Oluwatoyin A.
In most civilized cultures, payback is normally required when an individual(s), agency or organisation has benefitted immensely or enjoys considerable patronage from a particular socio-cultural environment. Globally, companies and organisations contribute their quota to national development by intervening in deficient areas and also by taking up some social responsibilities like offering educational sponsorships to indigent members of the community and providing infrastructural support. Even though corporate agencies in Nigeria also get so involved, it is the contention of this paper that a lot more can be done utilizing extraneous tracks such as CSR and PPPs to fast track Nigeria’s human capital development. For instance, it is suggested that a pragmatic CSR and PPPs system needs to be put in place that will ensure Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences Vol. 2. Nos 1 & 2 (October, 2014) Faculty of Arts & Education, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria ISSN Online: 2449-0679 ISSN Print: 2354-3981 135 that a symbiotic relationship exists between the public and the private sectors in addressing specific areas of need in tertiary education. Firms and multi- national agencies should initiate more PPPs in higher education to help inachieving Nigeria’s vision 20-20-20. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Human Capital Development, Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)
Secondary School Students Perception of Examination Malpractice in Selected Local Government Areas in Ogun State, Nigeria
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Onabamiro, A. Adegbenga
The study examined the secondary school students’ perception of the causes, forms and prevention of examination malpractice in Ogun State Nigeria. Two hundred students constituted the sample for the study. One instrument “Students Perception of Examination Malpractice Question (SPEMQ) was used to generate data for the study. Three Research questions were answered using simple percentage and t-test statistics to analyse the data. The result among others indicated that there is no significant difference in the perception of male and female students on causes, forms and prevention of examination malpractice, and no significant difference in students’ perception of examination malpractice based on age. Based on the findings, therefore, the paper recommended that adequate counseling should be given to all students, thorough screening be done before entering into the examination halls and there should be massive campaign against cheating in examination by all. Keywords: Secondary School Students, Perception, Examination Malpractice.
32 Trends in the WASSCE Performance of Students in Physics in Oyo State Nigeria (2004 to 2010)
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Akuche, Ukamaka Evelyn; Okunola, Opeoluwa Motunrayo
As important as Physics is to the technological advancement of a nation, students still perform below standard in the subject. Over the years, researches have been carried out and the process is still on to address the perceived causes of poor performance in Physics. The instrument used for this study was West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) Physics results, 2004 to 2010. The trend of Physics students’ performance for a period of seven (7) years was considered. The findings revealed that the performance of students in Physics is still very low. The trend in performance is not consistent. It is recommended that Colleges and Universities of Education utilize the recommendations proffered in different researches that addressed poor performance in Physics to improve students’ learning outcomes. Keywords: Performance in Physics, Trends, WASSCE Result
Teamwork, Motivation, and Leadership Skills as Predictors of Healthy Work Culture in Public Middle Schools in Iwo Local Government, Osun State
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Afolakemi, O. Oredein; Joshua, O. Akinrinolu
This study examined teamwork, motivation, and leadership skills as determinants to a healthy work culture in public middle schools in Iwo local government, Osun state, Nigeria. The research design used was descriptive survey method. The population for the study encompassed all the teachers, principals and vice principals of the twenty middle schools in Iwo local government area of Osun State, Nigeria. The teachers, principals and vice principals have been stratified to middle schools in Iwo local government area. All the twenty principals and vice principals were used for the research while ten teachers were randomly selected from each school making two hundred and forty respondents for the study. One research instrument was designed named Teamwork, Motivation and Leadership Skills Questionnaire (TMLSQ) and used to collect relevant data. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined using test-retest method and the Cronbach alpha is 0.853. Two research questions and two hypotheses were set for the study. The simple percentage was used to calculate the research questions while regression statistical analysis was used to test for the research hypotheses at 0.05% level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that lack of trust amidst the teachers (36.5%) is the highest perceived inhibiting harmonious factor towards teachers working together in schools, while keeping malice has the least percentage (12.5%). The results also revealed that prompt payment of salary (66.5%) is the highest perceived identified factor that can motivate teachers in the schools, followed by promotion (32%) and healthy competition (13%) was the least perceived factor that can motivate teachers. Moreover, the multiple regression analysis produced a coefficient of correlation R of 0.687, indicating that there is a very high positive influence of team work, motivation and leadership skills on a healthy work culture in middle secondary schools, Iwo local government. The joint influence also produced a value of 0.572, which implies that the combined influence of the independent variables is about 57.2% which is relatively high. Therefore, the study recommended that government should always pay teachers salary as at when due and salary review should be done regularly. The principals should try as much as possible to eliminate the inhibiting harmonious factors towards teachers working together in the middle schools. Keywords: Teamwork Spirit, Motivation, Leadership Skills, Leadership, Healthy Work Culture, Middle School, Nigeria
Assessment of Secretaries’ Perception on Relevance of Shorthand in their Functions in an Era of Advanced Office Technology and Information Systems
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Amoor, S.S.; Adamu, Ibrahim
This study is entitled “Assessment of Secretaries’ perception on relevance of shorthand in their functions in an era of advanced office technology and information systems”. The study had four objectives as a guide and four hypotheses. The researchers adopted descriptive survey research design. The study covered three tertiary institutions: Ahmadu Bello University, Federal College of Education and Nuhu Bamali Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State offering shorthand. The population of the study consisted of 30 lecturers and 30 practicing secretaries in the selected institutions. Four rating scale structured questionnaire were used to generate data from the respondents. Data collected were coded in SPSS using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to test null hypotheses one and two, while t-test was used to test null hypotheses three and four. All the null hypotheses were tested at the 0.05 level of significance. The study shows, among others, that listening skill and consciousness for speed and accuracy acquired in shorthand play significant roles on secretaries’ duties in this era of advanced office technology and information systems. The researchers recommended, among others, that seminar/workshop should be organized to educate the government, policy makers and students on the importance of shorthand for effective and efficient performance of secretaries in this crucial dispensation. Keywords: Shorthand, Advanced Office Technology, Secretaries
Parental Attitude on Eradication of the Practice of Female Genital Mutilation: The Role of a Counsellor
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Oyetade, Monilola D.
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a harmful traditional Practice prevalent among many ethnic groups in Nigeria and is fraught with many complications. In spite of the intervention campaigns by the Government and Non- governmental Organisations, the National Demographic and Health Surveys of 2003 and 2008 reported that the percentage of Nigerian women circumcised had increased from 19 to 30 percent within five years. This study therefore, examines the parents’ perception on eradication of the practice of FGM in Ogun and Osun States, Nigeria. A total of 756 respondents comprising 378 male and female adults and 378 male and female adolescents participated in the study. Female Genital Mutilation Awareness Questionnaire (FGMAQ) was administered on the respondents to collect data on their level of awareness on FGM as well as their attitude towards eradicating FGM practice. Results from percentages and chi-square statistical analysis of data revealed that more than half (54.9%) of the respondents favoured the practice of FGM as they believed it upholds tradition and reduces sexual immorality, an attitude that is completely oblivious of its harmful effect and complications arising from it. Therefore, there is need for a well-coordinated professional counselling intervention to eradicate the practice of FGM.
206 Test Anxiety as a Factor in Undergraduates’ Academic Performance at the Nigerian Premier University of Education
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Toyobo, Oluwole Majekodunmi
This study investigates test anxiety as a factor in academic performance. The aim was to determine whether students’ academic performance has any bearing on the level of their test anxiety. Four hundred students were randomly selected from the four colleges in Nigeria’s premier university of education: (1) College of Applied Education & Vocational (2) College of Humanities (3) College of Social Management Studies and (4) College of Applied Sciences. One hundred students were randomly selected from each College. Students’ Test Anxiety Questionnaire (STAQ) was designed and used to collect data. Data was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correction and t-test. The result of the data analysis showed a high negative correlation between test anxiety and academic performance. Test anxiety experienced levels of male and female students also differ significantly. Regular periodic programmes to reduce test anxiety should be organised by the University Counselling Centre, while parents should help female students prepare better for examinations in order to reduce test anxiety. KeyWords: Test anxiety, academic performance, examinations
Teaching and Learning of Technical Education Curriculum Content: A Multimedia Approach
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Alade, Ibiwumi Abiodun
This paper discusses the use of multimedia approach for a better transaction in teaching and leaning of technical education curriculum content. Relevant theories as applicable to multimedia usage are also examined. The application of multimedia, approach for teaching a unit on wood work joints in technical education at the university level is thereafter presented as a guide for users adaptation in various disciplines. Keywords: Curriculum, Instruction, Learning, Multimedia, Teaching
Knowledge and Attitude to Sexually Transmitted Infections and Premarital Sexual Behaviour of Adolescents with Hearing Impairment in Selected Secondary Schools in Ibadan
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Onyezere, John Osondu; Onyezere, Joyce Ifeoma
Adolescents in Nigeria are contributing to unfavorable indices of sexual and reproductive health ranging from sexually transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancies, and unsafe abortions to maternal mortality. Neglect of this population has major implications for the future as the sexual and reproductive behaviour imbibed during adolescence has a way of impacting upon adult life. This study, therefore, focused on knowledge and attitude to sexually transmitted infections and premarital sexual behaviour of adolescents with hearing impairment in selected secondary schools in Ibadan. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study. Sixty respondents were selected from public secondary schools using purposive sampling technique. The main instrument used in gathering data was a self-developed questionnaire on knowledge and attitude to sexually transmitted infections and premarital sexual behaviour of adolescents with hearing impairment. Three hypotheses were tested and one research question was answered. The reliability coefficient of r = .82 was obtained using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Ten trained research assistants were used during data collection. Data were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages for the demographic part of the instrument and the research questions, while t-test was used to test the hypotheses formulated for the study. The result showed significant difference (Crit-t = 1.96, Cal.t =2.387, df=58, P < .05) on attitude to sex between male and female adolescents with hearing impairment, while in the other two hypotheses centering on knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and premarital sexual behaviour as it has to do with male and female adolescents with hearing impairment no significant difference was found. On the preferred source of sex information, the result showed that 25 out of the 60 respondents representing 41.7% picked “Friends” as the preferred source. In conclusion, it was found that there is a significant difference in the attitude to sex between male and female adolescents with hearing impairment in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, while no significant difference was found between male and female adolescents with hearing impairment in relation to knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and premarital sexual behaviour. Therefore, it was recommended that hearing impaired adolescents should be assisted to have access to correct and adequate SRH information through the efforts of specialist teachers and counselors. Keywords: Sexually Transmitted Infections, Premarital Sexual Behaviour, Adolescents, Hearing Impairment
Relationship between Leadership and Job Satisfaction: A Correlational Study of Staff of the Delta State University Teaching Hospital Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Okwendi, Solomon Joseph; Nwankwoala, Richard
Previous studies have identified many factors that influence the level and quality of job satisfaction enjoyed by employees. However, the current study was not interested in just identifying general factors that influence job satisfaction of employees but focused specifically on finding out if there is a relationship between leadership behaviour of individual managers and subordinates’ job satisfaction of employees. The study population sample was drawn from the staff of one of the fastest growing teaching hospitals in Nigeria, the Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Nigeria. A mail in questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. The results indicated that there was a strong positive relationship between perceived transformational leadership behaviour of the managers/supervisors and employee job satisfaction. It is hoped that findings from this study will provide an enhanced understanding of the nature of the relationship between perception of leadership behaviour and employee job satisfaction. Overall, the findings from this study will help the management of the Teaching Hospital to adequately prepare leaders and workers in the healthcare field with effective skills and knowledge that will enable them to create and foster a work environment that enhances employee satisfaction. Keywords: Leadership, job satisfaction, healthcare, and behaviour

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