Department of Law

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Law

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The Department of Law and Jurisprudence is an academic programs and courses related to legal studies and the study of jurisprudence, which is the theory and philosophy of law. These departments often provide undergraduate and graduate degrees in law, legal studies, or related fields. They may offer courses covering various aspects of law, including constitutional law, criminal law, civil law, international law, legal theory, and more. Additionally, this departments might engage in research, publish scholarly works, and contribute to the broader legal and academic community through conferences, seminars, and collaborations with other institutions. The specific offerings and focus areas of a Department of Law and Jurisprudence can vary depending on the university and its academic priorities.

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  • Law and Diplomacy (MLD)
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Browsing Department of Law by Title

Now showing 1 - 20 of 29
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    A Comparative Analysis on the Laws of Succession in Nigeria and the United Kingdom
    (Lead City University, 2023-12) Sarah Bamro ISHAKU
    The Nigerian Legal System developed from the British legal system as Nigeria was a British colony until independence in 1960.The law of succession in Nigeria is thus governed by various legal instruments which includes Received English laws, Nigerian legislation and Administration of Estate laws and customary laws of the various ethnic groups and Islamic law while the United Kingdom’s legislature have passed legislations to regulate succession such as the Wills Act 1837 and the Administration of Estate Act1925.. This thesis was carried out through a qualitative research, materials were sourced from both primary and secondary source which include statutory laws, customary laws, books, journal articles and the internet. This thesis examined the laws of succession in Nigeria and the United Kingdom and carried out a comparative analysis and despite the seeming similarities of the laws of succession between the two countries, the laws differ from one another and have distinctive features in terms of uniformity, codification and the rights of testators, spouses, family and dependants. This thesis offer ways on how the estate of a deceased can be properly administered and distributed hindering meddlesome interlopers claiming rights that are not theirs in the first place which is common under the customary law of inheritance. This thesis has carried out a comparative analysis between the laws of succession in Nigeria and the United Kingdom stating similarities and differences and provided solutions to the challenges Keyword: Comparative Analysis, the Laws, Succession in Nigeria, United Kingdom
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    A Legal Perspective of Domestic Violence In The Home
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Banjo Adetutu Motunrayo
    Domestic violence is one of the social vices that are prevalent in a society. The negative effects cannot be overemphasized. it is important to protect children in violent homes from the negative effects in order for them to grow up to be responsible adults. Thus, the aim of this study is to appraise and critically examine the legal perspective of domestic violence in the home with a view to enforcing provisions of the law against perpetrators and to propose timely legal intervention for the reduction of domestic violence. This study adopted a qualitative methodology, that is, library-oriented research. It makes use of both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources: for instance includes, the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, as amended, Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act, 2015;The Administration of Criminal Justice Act 2015; Protection against Domestic Violence, Lagos State; Ekiti State Gender Base Violence; The Ebonyi State Protection against Domestic Violence Law, 2007; The Cross River Domestic Violence; Maltreatment of Widow’s Prohibition Law, 2014; judicial precedents and opinions of legal scholars on the discourse. This study found out that in order to drastically reduce the menace of domestic violence in Nigeria, different laws have been put in place by the National assembly and the state houses of assemblies. However, the major problem with the laws in place is the enforcement mechanism. This study concluded that the stakeholders and the major actors in the administration of justice must take up their responsibilities and ensure that the menace of domestic violence does not hunt the society by charging, prosecuting and ensuring that the offenders face the wrath of the law. Keywords: Domestic Violence, law, home Word Count: 276
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    Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) and Nigeria Bilateral Agreements - A Comparative Legal Framework Analysis
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Wasiu Adeyemo BABALOLA
    This thesis provides a legal analysis of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) and its implications for Nigeria’s bilateral trade agreements. As Nigeria is both a party to AfCFTA and numerous bilateral agreements, the legal compatibility between these frameworks is critical for the country's trade policy and economic development. The study focuses on the legal provisions of AfCFTA, including trade liberalization, rules of origin, and dispute resolution mechanisms, and examines how these align or conflict with Nigeria’s existing bilateral agreements. Particular attention is given to issues such as non-tariff barriers, intellectual property rights, and the legal complexities of regional integration. The methodology adopts a doctrinal legal research approach, analyzing treaties, legal frameworks, and case law to assess the interaction between AfCFTA and Nigeria’s bilateral agreements. Comparative legal analysis is also used to explore how other jurisdictions with similar multilateral and bilateral commitments have navigated these legal overlaps. The research findings highlight that, while AfCFTA presents opportunities for enhanced intra- African trade and regional economic integration, there are significant legal challenges for Nigeria. These include potential conflicts between AfCFTA’s rules and existing bilateral treaties, the need for reform in Nigeria’s trade dispute mechanisms, and the enforcement of intellectual property rights. The study concludes with legal recommendations for aligning Nigeria’s bilateral agreements with AfCFTA, ensuring legal coherence, and fostering compliance with international trade laws to maximize Nigeria’s economic benefits under the AfCFTA framework. Keywords: AfCFTA, Bilateral agreements, International economic law, Nigeria, Trade law Word Count: 231
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    AN ANALYSIS OF OWNERSHIP AND COMPULSORY ACQUISITION UNDER CUSTOMARY LAND TENURE IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) ADEOGUN RICHARD ADENIYI
    Land from time immemorial through the period of agriculture to the period of industrial development, land has remained the most valuable property in the life of man and his development. It is a source of wealth to those who have it and the mother of all properties. In other words, virtually all the basic needs of human existence are land dependent. In view of the importance and usefulness of land to man and his development as well as the development of his society, every person generally desires to acquire and own a portion of land to achieve the various ends for which the land is meant. Therefore, to make land in Nigeria available to all and to ensure that land is acquired and put to a proper use for the needed development, governments during and after colonial period enacted laws to govern the use or administration of land in Nigeria. Before the arrival of the colonial masters, there were customary laws which governed the administration of land in Nigeria. These customary laws varied from one locality to another because of the differences in customs of the people. This accounted for the multiplicity of land laws in Nigeria prior to the promulgation of the Land Use Act of 1978. Thus, the thrust is to examine land ownership in Nigeria while the specific objectives are to appraise the customary land tenure system in the South west in Nigeria. This study further explores a qualitative research methodology, that is, library-oriented research. It makes use of both primary and secondary sources. This study discovers that most of the laws in relation to land ownership in Nigeria are as old as mankind and needs review. It also discovers that the present laws lack enforcement mechanism and makes it difficult for the provisions of the law to be effective and efficient in the society. It also discovers that powers of the Governor to acquire land is not absolute. The power must be exercise in accordance to the law. Governor consent should not be required for alienation of customary land Keywords: Alienation, Right of Occupancy, OWNERSHIP AND COMPULSORY ACQUISITION, CUSTOMARY LAND TENURE, SOUTH WEST NIGERIA
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    An Appraisal of Fair Hearing Principles in Relation to Contract of Employment
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Michael Kolawole AMUSAN
    Fair hearing is a legal proceeding that ensures justice and impartiality by providing all parties with adequate notice, the opportunity to present evidence, and the ability to challenge evidence and testimony. The decision-maker must be unbiased, and the right to legal representation must be accorded to the parties. This research investigates the principles of fair hearing within employment agreements, emphasizing their critical role in establishing justice and equity in workplaces. It assesses the contemporary challenges and trends that influence the application of these principles, particularly focusing on the National Industrial Court's utilization of international labour standards, such as International Labour Organisation (ILO) conventions and other conventions on human rights to ensure fair hearings, especially in statutory employment context. Moreover, it analyzes how the court addresses the intricacies of master-servant employment dynamics, guaranteeing employees fair hearings despite legal precedents allowing employers to dismiss them without cause. This research will incorporate doctrinal research, encompassing observational, evaluative, and analytical techniques. The study will examine primary sources of law such as the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended), statutes, regulations, case law and secondary sources of law such as books, journal articles and the internet to thoroughly appraise the subject. Ultimately, upholding fair hearing principles in employment contracts requires proactive efforts in policy development, training, and adaptation to evolving trends and challenges. The study concluded that the National Assembly should draw on the experiences of other common law jurisdictions to enact laws protecting employees from unfair dismissal in line with best global practices. Key words: National Industrial Court, ILO Conventions, Statutory Employment, Master-Servant Employment, Proactive Efforts, Dispute Resolution, Best Global Practices..
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    An Examination of the Primogeniture Rule and its compliance with International Human Rights Law: A Study of Nigeria, South Africa and United Kingdom
    (Lead City University, 2023-12) Tonye Sharon MIRIKI
    The most prevalent inheritance law used to preserve undivided property is primogeniture, which has drawn criticism because it prevents female children from inheriting. Not through lack of practice, but typically due to their incapacity to coexist with contemporary formal laws, both municipal and international, many customary practices and laws have become extinct. Hence, this study aims to analyze the principles of primogeniture rule and its position under international human rights law; studying a scenario of Nigeria, South Africa and United Kingdom. The research used a qualitative research design method which is deemed the ideal design to use within the qualitative methodology because it’s ability to facilitate exploration of the phenomenon within its context, using a variety of secondary data. The study collected and analyzed non-numerical data (e.g., text, and video) which are all secondary. It is obvious that the primogeniture system has a negative standing in international human rights legislation. The study discovered that primogeniture rule is still significant and applicable in Nigeria, where it is recognized and applied. Customary law and statutes both directly and indirectly support its application. The work suggests a legal framework to be established to handle any failure to uphold the obligation of assistance and care. Also, recommending relatives of a deceased who passes away intestate to have access to a forum where they can decide whether or not they want to be ruled by the customary norm of primogeniture or a codified customary law of intestate succession. Keywords: Inheritance, Primogeniture, International Human Rights Law, Customary Law, Statutes, Intestate Succession Word Count: 243
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    Appraisal of Laws on Consumer Credit Transactions in Nigeria
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Olatubosun Ayodeji ALOBA
    There is clear evidence that Consumer credit offered or extended to an individual, family or household to finance purchases of goods and services is a major economic growth driver. The need for consumer credit facilities arises from the inability of the consumer to make immediate payment for goods and services he needs either personally or for household use. It is believed that the need for credit in today’s consumer-based society is undoubted and as such its role in the society is quite enormous. Thus, there is more of a need to regulate available products and the relationships between creditor and debtor in order to avoid any unfair conduct on the part of either party. The regulatory structures for moneylending, hire purchase and consumer protection put in place some years ago, are not the same as the regulatory structures required today; the previous rules governing consumer credit relationships are significantly outmoded and outdated, and are in dire need of updating and reworking to meet the needs of a modern society. The motivation for this research is to underscore the importance of consumer credit backed by adequate legal framework to the growth of the nation's economy and the need for effective enforcement of provisions of enabling laws. It is agreeable that restrictions imposed by law almost a century ago, are not commercially expedient at the present day in addressing inherent consumer credit transaction challenges. Therefore it will be no exaggeration to say, that the width of application of the law has done much to impair business efficacy thereby forcing parties to adopt other means outside the legal framework of the law to do their business. This research adopting doctrinal research methodology, examined primary and secondary sources on the subject matter in the light of their objectives and concluded that available legal framework is not conducive to the achievement of these objectives. Key words: Consumer credit, Moneylending, Hire purchase, Pawnbroker, Regulatory Word count: 302
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    Appraisal of Medical Rights of Patients in Nigeria
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Musa Kehinde OLAIYA
    The aim of this work is to appraise and review medical rights of patients in Nigeria. It will also look into human rights violations of the patients due to medical malpractice and how the ethics of the medical profession can be enforced to reduce the human rights violations in conjunction with the right of consent that the patients have when it comes to treatment of their infirmity. The violation of the rights of citizens to be properly informed about treatment and its consequences is also a deficiency in the medical system and this thesis aims to proffer legal solutions to protect this right. This study will analyse the legal effects of violations of human rights in relation to medical negligence in Nigeria; and make recommendations on the implementations of these laws in Nigeria in order to curb the unfortunate incidence of medical malpractice. The current legal structure addressing medical malpractice is deficient and often does not address the obstacles and drawbacks for medical practitioners, healthcare institutions and patients at large. The methodology adopted and explored in this research work is qualitative i.e. library oriented research. The materials employed in the research include; Primary sources which include, Constitution of the Federation Republic of Nigeria,1999 (as amended), African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Right (Ratification and Enforcement) Act, Medical and Dental Practitioners Act, and case laws. Secondary authorities, which comprises relevant information from leading authorities, textbooks on the subject matter of the research, journal articles, opinions of specialists and practitioners on aspect of laws relating thereto. The aftermath of this study is to provide recommendations to bolster the legal system and institutional mechanisms which will aid in addressing medical malpractice in Nigeria. This includes the enactment of specialized laws, the establishment of unique courts, increased public awareness, and strengthened professional regulation. The study aims to contribute to academic knowledge and policy debate on the topics at hand. Ultimately, concrete solutions and recommendations are provided to improve accountability, quality, and safety in Nigeria's healthcare sector. Keywords: Law, Medical, Negligence, Res ipsa loquitur, malpractice and health. Word count: 332
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    Child Marriage in Nigeria: The Enforceability of Age Limit
    (Lead City University, 2023-12) Obiageli Christiana BENSON
    Child marriage is a social ill that has been on the front burner of public discourse in Nigeria for some time. Child marriage may be defined as any formal marriage or informal union between a child under the age of eighteen (18) and an adult. Despite the fact that child marriage and betrothal are prohibited by National Legislation, the Childs' Right Act 2003, the socio-cultural practice and religious backing of the issue in some sections of Nigeria makes it a necessary evil which shamefully continues to stare us in the face. Early marriage of girls below the age of 18 is still widely practiced in Nigeria. Early marriage is a violation of human rights. The right to free and full consent to a marriage is recognized in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in other human rights instruments. Nigeria ranks 13th among the 20 countries with the highest rate of girl child marriages with approximately 3 million child marriages, 17% married before they turn 15 and 43% married before they reach the age of 18. When considered, these are seriously disturbing figures. The Nigerian Legislature came up with the Child Rights Act of 2003 to define the rights of the child and to curtail the menace of child abuse, violence and marriage in Nigeria but 20 years on, the issue of child marriage is still embedded in the fabrics of the Nigerian moral system. This research will critically examine the psychological, financial, physical and moral impacts the practice of child marriage has on the victim and the family/society at large, in doing so, a library-based research methodology will be employed, whilst making use of primary and secondary sources, which will include: The CRA, Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act, (VAPP), 1999 CFRN amongst others. Keywords: child marriage, violence against women, marriageable age Word Count: 304
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    CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE STAKEHOLDERS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LAWS IN NIGERIA AND AUSTRALIA
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) JIBRIL-ALIYU, ZAYNAB TITILOPE
    Corporate governance is an important feature of any developed or developing economy. In recent times, it has become an integral form of regulation for companies, and stakeholders as they manage the growing influence of corporate bodies on culture, consumption, lifestyle, goods and services of and for the society. However, there is significant debate on what should take primary influence on corporate governance direction, between the stakeholders or the shareholder approach. This dissertation sought to investigate these questions with a view to proffering answers on the state of stakeholder considerations under Nigerian laws, flaws of Nigerian corporate governance when placed against international standards and lessons adaptable from the Australian framework within the Nigerian corporate environment. The research is conducted using the doctrinal qualitative method involving collection of findings available in laws, regulations, journals, online repositories and publicly available secondary sources. The research also adopts a qualitative review of these assessable resources including the OECD framework to properly assess in the right contexts the status of Nigerian corporate governance. This thesis finds that there are significant gaps in the Nigerian legal framework in relation to stakeholder recognition in corporate decisions compared to the Australian system. There was significant support for shareholder primacy against stakeholder considerations and disclosure regimes are arbitrary not meeting the ideals of free market economies or slightly liberal approaches that takes the comply or explain routes to low-risk compliance obligations. The research recommends a review of the Nigerian corporate governance framework to address these issues. Overall, this thesis concludes that the stakeholder theory is the best approach to corporate governance, and a proper implementation of this is crucial for the future of Corporate Governance in the country. This research is important as it properly outlines the current weaknesses of the Corporate Governance regime in Nigeria, which will greatly inform policy, as well as influence future discuss and research in the field.
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    Critical Analysis of Natural Resource Governance and Environmental Justice in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria.
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Divine Somtochukwu ANYASI
    The Niger Delta, a resource rich area of immense ecological significance, has long been plagued by environmental degradation, social unrest, and human rights violations stemming from extractive industries' activities. This thesis presents an analysis of the dynamics surrounding natural resource governance and environmental justice in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, with a primary focus on legislative frameworks. This thesis examines existing literature and critical review of relevant laws and policies, shedding light on the multifaceted challenges hindering effective governance and equitable distribution of benefits from natural resources. The historical background of resource exploitation in the Niger Delta and the development of governance frameworks across time are both examined in this study. This research reveals the lived reality of environmental deterioration, displacement, and socioeconomic marginalization that these people experience by looking at recorded interviews, surveys, and case studies. In order to address the underlying causes of governance shortcomings and advance environmental justice in the Niger Delta, the thesis ends with some recommendations. These recommendations include community empowerment plans, institutional capacity building initiatives, and legislative changes that support openness, involvement, and sustainable development. Keywords: Niger Delta, Resource Governance, Environmental Justice, Oil and Gas, Failures. Word count: 194
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    Effective Implementation of Renewable Energy Legal Regime in Nigeria and Ghana: A Mitigator to Climate Change and Improvement of Power Supply
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Matilda Adedoyin CHUKWUEMEKA
    Energy is that which people cannot survive without in this modern era. Without energy, life can be so much difficult as it is significant for the survival of everything that is in the world around us in our contemporary lives. In Nigeria, fossil fuels have been the predominant sources of energy supply. Despite Nigeria being a major exporter of fossil fuels, Nigeria still suffers from poor energy supply. The utilization of these predominant energy sources have led to the emission of greenhouse gases and have adversely impacted the climate. There has been a rising demand worldwide for renewable sources of energy such as solar, hydro, wind, biomass, geothermal, wave and tidal energy to be included in the energy mix of nations which some consider being cheap and more environmentally friendly compared to the negative impacts of fossil fuels. Currently, Nigeria is yet to fully exploit the potentials of these renewable sources of energy. This research adopts the doctrinal and comparative methodology between Ghana and Nigeria Electricity Models. This research contends that the slow-moving development and utilization of renewable sources of energy into the Nigerian energy generation mix is a result of the unavailability of a legal framework on renewable energy sources in the current legislative system compared to Ghana. In conclusion, this research recommends strict implementation of a legal framework governing the development and utilization of renewable sources of energy, which will at the end of the day serve as improvement to energy supply and mitigation of climate change in Nigeria. Keywords: Climate Change, Energy, Electricity, Fossil Fuels, Renewable Energy Word Count: 260
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    Ethical and legal Consequences of Medical Negligence in Nigeria’s Healthcare system
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Oyeyemi Juliannah OMOPE
    Health is a crucial asset for human existence. The relationship between health care providers and patients is one built on trust, with an inherent expectation that medical practitioners will act in the best interest of their patients. However, this delicate balance can be disrupted when a patient suffers harm as a result of medical negligence which may in turn trigger questions of legal liability. The study critically appraised Ethical and legal Consequences of Medical Negligence in Nigeria’s Healthcare system. This study will use a doctrinal approach to analyze legal rules in primary source, including the Constitution of Nigeria, Medical and Dental Practitioners Act, Rules of Professional Conduct, The Nigerian Criminal Code, The Nigerian Penal Code, and Evidence Act, as well as secondary source which including textbook, articles in journals and relevant internet material. This research discovered that despite 80% of medical practitioners having some education related to medical ethics, the incidence of medical negligence and unprofessional conduct in the Nigerian health care sector does not reflect the knowledge base of a system of accountability. In conclusion, the health workforce should undergo routine re-orientation, including training in Interpersonal Communication skills and work ethics, to enhance client satisfaction and improve care quality. Recognition, reward, and sanctions will be implemented, and mechanisms for performance monitoring will be established. Keywords: Medical negligence, ethics, legal consequences, health care system, medical practitioners, re-orientation, interpersonal communication skill, mechanism, monitoring. Word Count: 215
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    Evaluation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and Nigerian Anti-Corruption Laws
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Godwin Emmanuel OYEDOKUN
    corruption is a pervasive global challenge that undermines economic development, weakens governance, and erodes public trust. Nigeria, despite its vast resources, continues to struggle with this issue. This thesis evaluates the effectiveness of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) provisions in tackling corruption within Nigeria's legal framework. The thesis examines the key pillars of the UNCAC, including preventive measures, criminalization and law enforcement, international cooperation, and asset recovery. It then analyzes the corresponding Nigerian anti-corruption laws and institutions, such as the Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Act and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). Through comparative analysis approach and doctrinal research design, the thesis assesses the alignment between the UNCAC and Nigerian anti-corruption legislation. It identifies areas where Nigerian law effectively implements the UNCAC's provisions and highlights potential gaps or inconsistencies. The thesis further explores the practical challenges hindering the successful implementation of anti-corruption measures in Nigeria. These challenges may include issues such as political interference, weak enforcement mechanisms, and a culture of impunity. Finally, the thesis proposes recommendations for strengthening Nigeria's anti-corruption framework. These recommendations may include legislative reforms, improving institutional capacity building, and fostering public awareness and participation in the fight against corruption. This thesis contributes to the ongoing discourse on tackling corruption in Nigeria by offering a comprehensive evaluation of the current legal landscape and suggesting practical measures for improvement. By promoting a more robust and effective anti-corruption framework, Nigeria can move towards greater transparency, accountability, and sustainable development. Keywords: Anti-corruption laws, Asset recovery, Comparative legal analysis, Corruption prevention, Institutional framework, International cooperation, United nations convention against corruption, Word Count: 300
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    Examining National Industrial Court of Nigeria Repositioned Status in Trade Dispute Resolution
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Solomon Osereme AGBATOR
    The fundamental nature of jurisdiction of any court is critical to any adjudicatory process without which anything done will amount to an exercise in futility. Prior to the enactment of the Constitution (third alteration) Act, 2010, National Industrial Court was established by the Trade Dispute Decree, 1976, where matters relating to labour, trade union dispute, employment, conditions of service, welfare of employees were adjudicated upon. However, the National Industrial Court faced so many difficulties as to its jurisdiction, powers and status. National Industrial Court was widely criticised by scholars and jurists due to its inefficiencies. The main objective of the thesis is to examine the National Industrial Court of Nigeria repositioned status in Trade Dispute Resolution under the Trade Dispute Act, National Industrial Court Act and specifically under the Third Alteration Act which amended the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999. To this end, the study examined the legal status of the Third Alteration Act which came into force on the 4th of March 2011, and the appraise its impact on the settlement of labour disputes. The aim of this thesis is to review the extended Jurisdiction of the NIC, particularly under the Third Alteration of the 1999 Constitution, to confirm whether the repositioned jurisdiction given to the NIC is likely to solve the confusion associated with its jurisdiction. This is a legal and descriptive research that relies on qualitative method of analysis. The research work also relies on the primary and secondary source of Nigerian laws. The researcher recommended that the legislature should ensure that there are no apparent contradictory ambiguous provisions in the Constitution. As a result, the National Assembly should amend the Constitution further to resolve these seemingly contradictory provisions. Key words: National industrial court, Trade Dispute, Trade Union, Dispute resolution, Constitution, Third alteration, Repositioned
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    Examining the Impact of Export Restrictions During Covid-19 Pandemic on African Countries in the perspective of International Economic Law and Global Health
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Kemi AKINLADE
    Prioritizing health can be a catalyst for a broader virtuous cycle of growth, and trade in essential health supplies cannot be overestimated in a time of a global pandemic. The emergence of the novel disease known as Covid-19 caused significant disruptions in the international community, with grievous attendant effects on global health and economic development. The existing framework for international economic policies prior the pandemic was greatly challenged by a sudden trend of trade protectionist measures. Although the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles frown at trade restriction, many members of WTO imposed restrictions on some essential supplies in response to the pandemic.This thesis adopts a qualitative research methodology and is essentially library based. It is noteworthy that while these restrictions may be for the good of the countries using them, this thesis reveals that the restrictions had massive unintended consequences on the health and economies of many other countries. Notably, the world’s Least Developed Countries (LDC) were greatly impacted. Africa as a continent is home to 33 out of the 46 total world’s LDC and is integrated into the world economy mainly as a buyer. Undoubtedly, the trade protectionist measures, especially export restrictions by Africa’s trading partners exacerbated the impact of the pandemic on the region. This unprecedented situation has shed light on the critical nexus between trade and health in an increasingly interconnected world. This thesis concludes that African’s over-reliance on external market became a disadvantage during the pandemic and hindered Africa’s ability to respond promptly and adequately, especially at the beginning of the pandemic. Key Words: International Economic Law, Global Health, Trade Policies, Covid-19 Pandemic. Word Count: 256
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    Legal Framework for Involvement of Private Sector in Migration Services and Operations: Appraisal of the Nigeria Immigration Laws and Practices
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Oyinlola-Michael, Oyewale Raphael
    Migration services and operations are of great importance to the development of nations, owing to the significance of human and non-human movements across national borders. The undeniable importance of trans-nationality in global economic indices as well as the preponderance of migration-related issues in policy formulation and implementation, national security, and international relations, have given credence to the need for a better understanding between the public and private sectors in migration practices based primarily on enabling national and international laws. There is robust body of laws at the International level, we also have provisions within our national laws to engineer the desired collaboration between the public and the private sectors in migration, and however, there is the absence of the will to make these laws week. This lack of will is due to a couple of factors, all of which can be addressed systematically. However, the big question remains, if the public sector will be receptive to the idea of collaboration with the private sector, as this partnership will liberalize migration processes and operations, and eliminate some inordinate gratifications enjoyed by public officers. This work employs exploratory research method to probe the Nigeria extant immigration laws in relation to international migrations laws and practices to determine the essence and extent of private sector involvement in migration practices and operations in Nigeria. This qualitative research approach enables the justification for the determinacies of appropriateness and applicability of Section 102 of the Immigration Act 2015, the Immigration Regulation 2017, the New Visa Policy 2020, and other relevant statutes that affect the practice and operation of migration in Nigeria. The International Migration Laws (IML), is a jurisprudence combining branches of law like Civil Law, Criminal Law, Human Rights Law, Humanitarian Law, Labour Law, Refugee Law, Family Law, Constitutional Law, Company Law and Immigration Law. These legal provisions govern the movement of people across the national borders. Our findings reveals the unpreparedness of the public sector to collaborate with the private sector in migration practices, this is even as there are restrictive migration legislations, criminalizing what should be coordinated for a tripartite benefit; government, individual migrants and their families, and the general public. An exploration of the Public-Private-Partnership activities is an indication that there are potentials for public-private sectors engagement in the migration industry, in the same way that the International community has embraced the private business community in migration policy formulation and implementation. This work seeks collaboration from stake-holders in the migration industry, including faculties of law, migration practitioners, associations, the National Assembly and the Nigeria Immigration Services. The major contribution of this work is the proposed Nigeria Migration Society. It is expected that through the proposed Nigeria Migration Society, we may work out a beneficial relationship between the public and private sectors in the Nigeria migration industry. Keywords: Private Sector Legal Framework, Migration Services and Operations Appraisal , Nigeria Immigration Laws and Practices, Nigeria public sector, human and non-human movements across national borders Word count: 464
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    LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE DYNAMICS OF STREET BEGGING IN NIGERIA
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Adeola Isiaka ODETUNDE
    Street begging is a form of social vice that has been in existence from time immemorial. It can entail the using of a child or a disabled person on the street to beg either with or without his consent. Overtime, different statutes have been enacted to reduce the menace of street begging in Nigeria but it is quite unfortunate that there are a lot of factors inhibiting the eradication of street begging through the help of laws in Nigeria. The inadequacies and the insincerity of the law makers for making appropriate decisions have been a major problem facing the eradication of street begging in Nigeria. Majority of people begging on the street are children. It is generally observed that the future of those engaging in street begging is at risk due to its negative effects. Thus, this research work also considered many factors that militate against the eradication of street begging in Nigeria by exploring relevant laws put in place to curb the menace of street begging in Nigeria. The researcher explored and adopted legal doctrinal method that is a library - oriented research by search for primary and secondary sources of information which included the Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended), Criminal Code Act, Penal Code Act, Child Right Act, Universal Declaration of Human Right, relevant textbooks, journals and articles. The study showed that the street begging is more prominent in the Northen Nigeria than in the Southern part due to the practice of Almajeri and poverty. It equally exposes the factors militating against the eradication of street begging to include the plurality of the legal system of Nigeria and the non - enforcement of the available laws. The study concluded that the pluralistic nature of our current laws is an hinderance to achieving a unified legal system against the eradication of street begging in Nigeria. Keywords: Child Labour, Street Begging, Human Dignity and Nigeria
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    Moneylenders Law In Nigeria: Appraisal of Loan And Interest Recovery
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Ibikunle Oladapo Akinde
    Moneylenders and Money lending over several centuries ago had been dressed in the ‘toga of evil’; described in the most despicable terms, all out of the age-long belief that Money lending (Usury) was immoral, unproductive and the interest or profit unearned. This study seeks to bring to the fore the hardship worked on the modern day practitioners of money-lending and the practice via a robust search into the historical background, other literatures and plethora of court cases that depicts the struggle of moneylenders in court recounting litany of woes of their losses of not only their capital but also of the interests on their loans viz-a-viz the need for money-lending by the overwhelming public demand and its glaring economic importance. The Moneylenders Law and its provisions is thoroughly appraised for all it is worth in the regulation of the business of Money-lending as to whether it enhances and facilitates or impedes and inhibits the business. The onerous sections of the Law are rigorously analyzed to expose their effects on moneylenders and the money-lending business. Doctrinal Research Methodology was used in the study; historical background of money lending, its evolution from the ancient times through the several eras of development and civilization up to the present age of regulation. Several sources were reviewed; sources such as material and books on money lending; also legal materials such as the Moneylender’s Law of various States of Nigeria and judicial sources such as case laws and judicial precedents applying various provisions of Moneylenders Law. The research further found that the Moneylenders Law though sufficiently protects the borrowers as per the intendment of the legislators in its promulgation, it puts fetters on the lenders so much so that it impedes the business as most lenders operate informally in the background. The stifling effect of the loss of their loans and interest resulting from the UN-enforceability of their contract was overwhelmingly fatal to their businesses. and to the lenders. The research further found that the moneylenders also need protection as the Moneylenders Law structurally tilted against the lenders; morally biased against the lenders as they are believed to be unscrupulous. The study concluded that Moneylenders’ Law rather than facilitating or enhancing the business, inhibits and impedes its growth as a result of the moral bias expressed in the purpose for the enactment of the first Moneylenders Act in 1900 and the subsequent review in 1927. It is a Law that seeks to protect the interest of the borrowers from unscrupulous lenders’ so much that it ended up putting fetters on the lenders. The Moneylenders also need protection, the study thus recommend the law for a review. Keywords: ancient times, doctrinal research, era of development and civilization, evolution, facilitating and enhancing, fetters, inhibition, interest protection, impedes, moneylenders, moneylending, moral bias, overwhelmingly fatal, profit-seeking, self-interest, structurally tilted, stifling, supremely moral, toga of evil , unscrupulous lenders, usury Word Count: 440
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    Overview of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act, 2015 on the Fundamental Rights of Defendants
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Babatunde Victor SAMUEL
    This study is to evaluate the difficulties and projections of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act in relation to the protection and enforcement of the rights of the defendants particularly as to whether it effectively guarantees access to justice, rule of law, humane treatment and dignity of defendants in Nigeria. Over the years, it has been established that the rights of a suspect or a defendant cannot be taken away from him as a result of the presumption of innocence as guaranteed by the Constitution, and this position has been supported by a plethora of judicial authorities in Nigeria. Other rights available to a suspect includes right to bail, right to humane treatment among others. As sacrosanct as these rights are, it has been observed that the security agencies do not observe the relevant provisions of the law in relation to the protection of the rights of the defendants and they breach same with impunity. It is against this backdrop that this study will protect the rights and interests of the suspects and the defendants; and provide how stakeholders in the administration of justice can comply with the relevant provisions of the law in relation to the rights of a suspect and a defendant. The aim of this work is to appraise the importance of the provisions of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act and other extant laws in the protection and enforcement of the rights of defendants while the specific objective is to identify the loopholes in the legal and institutional framework of human right protection in Nigeria. The methodology adopted and explored in this research work is qualitative i.e. library oriented research. This study therefore recommends that the National Assembly should amend the relevant provisions of the Act as at when due so that legislations can meet up with modern day realities while the executive should ensure that the laws are properly enforced. Against this backdrop, this study finds out that the delay in the administration of justice has not come to an end notwithstanding the prospects brought by the Administration of Criminal Justice Act, 2015. Keywords: Fundamental rights, Justice, Criminal, court, law, police and correctional centre Word Count: 348