Architecture

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Proposed Faculty Building of Basic Medical Science(s) for Lead city University, Ibadan, Oyo state (Application of Natural Lighting in Faculty Building Design)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Folajimi Ayodele OLAYIWOLA
This thesis explored the effective application of natural lighting in the design of faculty buildings to enhance energy efficiency, sustainability, and occupant well-being. By reviewing existing literature and extensively analyzing case studies, the research identified key strategies for optimizing natural light, such as building orientation, window placement, and the use of reflective materials in academic settings. The findings indicated that strategic architectural design could significantly reduce reliance on artificial lighting, lower energy consumption, and improve indoor environmental quality. The study provided practical guidelines for architects, while sturdily emphasizing on the use of daylighting systems, such as skylights, light shelves, and adaptive technologies that respond to changing daylight conditions. This research contributed best actionable insights for designing healthier, more conducive educational buildings. Ultimately, it underscored the critical roles of natural lighting in shaping effective and inspiring educational spaces, advocating for a holistic approach to building design that harmonizes environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Keywords: Natural Lighting, Building Design, Building orientation, Window placement, Use of reflective materials Word count: 152 words.
Remodeling University of Ibadan Zoological Garden. (Assessment of Landscape Planning in Building Sustainable Environment: Acase study of Ibadan, Oyo State.)
(Lead City University, Ibadan., 2024-12) Olayemi Mayowa Ayodele
This study focused on the assessment of landscape planning practices in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, with a focused on creating sustainable environments. The study explores the interconnection between effective landscape management and the pursuit of sustainability objectives in the context of Ibadan's rapid urbanization. The city grapples with various environmental issues, such as inadequate urban infrastructure, depletion of natural resources, and diminishing biodiversity. The goal of this investigation is to assess the current landscape planning strategies in Ibadan and propose methods for integrating principles of sustainable development into these strategies. Comprehensive methodology was adopted such as case studies and comparative evaluations, the study demonstrated how sustainable landscape planning methods was contributed to strengthened urban resilience, lessening carbon footprints, and enhancing public health results. Furthermore, the research assessed the efficacy of existing landscape planning frameworks and their incorporation of ecological, social, and economic factors. The results indicate a lack of cohesive planning endeavors and insufficient involvement of the public in decision-making processes, both of which impede the potential for sustainable outcomes. The study underscored the significance of integrating input from local communities and traditional knowledge into landscape planning activities to ensure their cultural relevance and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the paper deliberated on the importance of incorporating green infrastructure, such as green parks, gardens (Zoological Garden, botanical garden etc.) and green corridors, to bolster urban resilience, combat the impacts of climate change, and provide critical ecosystem services. Recommendations were put forth for policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders to formulate inclusive landscape strategies that prioritize sustainability, conservation of biodiversity, and community well-being. By evaluating the current landscape planning status and its implications for sustainability in Ibadan, this study contributed to the broader dialogue on urban planning in Nigeria and presents valuable insights for other cities confronting similar challenges. Keywords: Landscape Planning, Green Infrastructure, Ecological Restoration and Garden, Environmental Sustainability, Ibadan Biodiversity, Sustainable Development. Word count: 295
Proposed Staff School Design for Lead City University Ibadan (The Effects of Colours on the Psychology of Children in Primary School Learning Environments)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) David-Joshua Uzoamaka OSHAFI
This study investigates the Impact of Colours on the Psychology of Children in Primary School Learning Environments. Despite the established effects of colours on human behaviour and psychology, limited research has explored the long-term effects of colour exposure on primary school children's attitudes, behaviour, and psychology. The thesis aims to explain the effect of colour on pupils in the primary school learning environment and to also shed light on how colour might be thoughtfully applied to improve the learning experience for these children. The objectives of this study are to identify colours that stimulate positive psychological responses in children, to examine the effect of colour choices on their overall engagement, and to determine the optimal colour schemes for primary school learning environments and effectively design a primary school for Lead City University with identified colour scheme. The methodology used in this thesis was a combination of literature review and case study deductions. The findings of this study will provide insights for educators, designers, and policymakers to create effective learning environments that promote children's overall development and academic success. The results of the thesis showed that different Colours have significant effects on children's behavior, emotions, and learning outcomes. Calming Colours like light blue and pale green should be used in areas where children need to relax and focus, such as reading corners and quiet zones. Stimulating Colours like red, and orange should be used in areas where creativity and engagement are encouraged, such as art rooms and play areas. Keywords: Academic Achievement, Colour Psychology, Cognitive Development, Children’s Behaviour, Emotional Development, Primary School Learning Environments, Social Development. Word Count: 248 words
Proposed Vocational Training Center, Ibadan, Oyo State (Integration of Green Design Principles in a Vocational Training Center)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Joshua Oluwatunmise ONI
This research explored the strategic integration of green building principles within vocational training centers, proposing a transformative model where the facility itself served as a living laboratory for sustainable practices. The key areas of focus included leveraging passive design and renewable energy sources to enhance energy efficiency, implementing water conservation strategies, and selecting eco-friendly building materials. Additionally, the research investigated the integration of sustainability education directly into the curriculum, developing modules specifically tailored to various vocational programs. By equipping graduates with knowledge and practical experience in sustainable practices, this approach aimed to foster a generation of skilled workers capable of contributing to a more sustainable future. Data collection methods involved reviewing relevant articles, journals, and case studies to identify best practices and assess real-world applications of green design in vocational training centers. The research concluded by highlighting the multifaceted benefits of green vocational training centers, including reduced operational costs, improved learning environments that promote eco-consciousness, and the development of a skilled workforce prepared for the demands of the growing green economy. Keywords: Curriculum Development, Eco-Friendly Materials, Green Building, Resource Management, Sustainability Integration, Vocational Training, Word Count: 171 words
Proposed Faculty of Architecture for Lead City University, Ibadan (Integration of Passive Design Strategies in Designing Faculty Building)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) David Oladayo EMMANUEL
Hot-dry climates present environmental challenges, including high temperatures and a heavy reliance on energy systems for indoor comfort. In Nigeria, where power supply is often unreliable, educational buildings depend on energy-consuming systems to maintain comfortable environments. Globally, buildings account for over 40% of non-renewable energy consumption, highlighting the need for sustainable solutions. This research explores integrating passive design strategies, architectural principles, and renewable energy in educational buildings, particularly faculty structures, to enhance energy efficiency. Using a case study approach, three examples were analyzed and compared with secondary data. Findings reveal that passive strategies, such as proper building orientation, natural ventilation, evaporative cooling, and renewable energy sources, can significantly reduce the need for active cooling systems. This approach supports climate-responsive architecture, lowers energy demands, and promotes comfortable learning environments. Dormitories, often requiring excessive energy, can benefit from passive design to improve study conditions and minimize energy use. The study emphasizes the role of architects in adopting environmentally friendly, cost-effective solutions. Recommendations include encouraging architectural bodies to promote energy-efficient design practices. Passive design is vital for enhancing thermal comfort, reducing energy use, and creating sustainable, comfortable built environments in the face of climate change. Key words: Energy Efficiency, Faculty Buildings, Passive Design, Sustainability, Thermal Comfort Word count : 199 words
Proposed Transit Train Terminal (Energy Efficiency in Transit Train Terminal Design)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Almustapha Muhammad BAWA
This research explores sustainable design strategies and energy-efficient technologies in train terminals, aiming to minimize energy consumption while maintaining operational efficiency. A mixed-method approach is employed, combining an extensive literature review with case studies of existing train terminals. The study identifies key design elements and innovative technologies that contribute to energy savings, such as optimized building orientation, the integration of renewable energy systems like solar panels and wind turbines, and the use of energy-efficient lighting systems. By examining how these strategies can be applied, the research highlights the potential for significant reductions in energy use, offering insights for architects, engineers, and transport authorities. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of balancing energy efficiency with the overall functionality and comfort of the space to ensure a positive passenger experience. The findings are expected to serve as valuable guidelines for the future design and operation of sustainable train terminals, helping to reduce the environmental impact of transport infrastructure while supporting long-term energy goals and enhancing passenger satisfaction. Keywords: Energy Consumption, Energy Efficiency, Operational Efficiency, Train Terminals, Sustainable Design Word Count: 165
Green Mixed Use Tower for Urage Real Estate Limited, Glova Road, Old Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria. (Design Strategies to Achieve Green Architecture in High Rise Buildings)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Adebusola Oluwaseyi AWOYEM
Green architecture, otherwise known as green design or sustainable architecture, is an approach to building that prioritizes reducing negative impacts on the environment and promoting the health of individuals. Architects in the modern world are increasingly seeking solutions that not only provide a desirable living environment for humans, but also minimize harm to the planet. By utilizing the harmonious order present in nature as a design model, architects implement strategies and technologies that support sustainable architecture. Thus, this study aims to explore and assess design strategies to achieve strategies to achieve green architecture in high rise buildings within Nigeria. Employing a case study approach, four cases were examined, consisting of one local mixed use building and three international. These case studies were evaluated based on design strategies identified from empirical studies in the literature review, which includes; energy efficiency in building design, sustainable materials, biodiversity and green spaces and indoor environmental quality. By incorporating these design strategies to achieve green architecture in high rise buildings mitigate the environmental impact. Making use of these guidelines by construction stakeholders like architects, engineers, and others involved in designing and constructing mixed use tower buildings in Nigeria can effectively conserve energy resources, reduce carbon footprint, and enormously contribute to the goal of green architecture. Keywords: Biodiversity and Green Spaces, Energy Efficiency, Environmental quality, Environmental Sustainability, Green Architecture, Mixed Use, Sustainable Materials. Word Count: 210
Assessment of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Adoption in the Building Industry in Southwest Nigeria
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Akeem Akinola ALAJE
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is recognized globally as a technology that can enhance the efficiency of construction projects across design, construction, and maintenance. However, its adoption is lagging in many developing countries. Hence, this study examined BIM adoption in the Nigerian building industry with a view to enhance stakeholder collaboration. It adopted a cross-sectional survey in six cities of southwest Nigeria: Ikeja, Ibadan, Abeokuta, Akure, Ado-Ekiti, and Osogbo. The survey targeted four different building industry (Architectural, Structural Engineering, Quantity Surveying, and Building Contracting) firms. The questionnaire survey was conducted among the sampled 740 firms in the study area, with a return rate of 88.6%. The data obtained were analyzed using IBM- SPSS statistics for the descriptive, relative importance indexes, factor analysis, and Krustal- Wallis test. The result shows that the level of BIM adoption in the study area is low (32%) although the awareness level is high (72%). The respondents’ firms use BIM-compliant software across the various stages of project execution but it is predominant at the design stage (69%), followed by the construction stage (19%), and then the maintenance/operation stage (12%). The Kruskal–Wallis tests revealed that except for one (provision of training by employers) out of the ten identified critical success factor CSF and seven (out of 32) identified benefits; there is no statistically significant difference in the perceptions of the four firm types. Reduce Rework in Construction (RII = 0.976), Improve Project Quality (RII = 0.962), and Minimize Errors and Mistakes (RII = 0.956) are found to be most three BIM benefits. The factor analysis result grouped the 39 identified barriers into five major factors: human-factors group (21.50%), management-factors group (19.88%), technological-factors group (15.81%), project-factors group (10.70%), and external-factors group (9.86%). The study concludes that although the knowledge of Nigerian building industry firms on the BIM concept is moderate, the level of adoption is relatively low. It is thus recommended that BIM CSFs be strengthened. Keywords: Awareness, Adoption, Building Information Modelling (BIM), Nigerian building industry Word Count: 300
Proposed High-Rise Office Building (Roles of Sustainable Architecture in Minimizing the Environmental Impacts of Building
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Abdulazeem Adedolapo AKANMU
Sustainable architecture has important roles to play in reducing the impact of buildings on the environment, due to the fact that performance of building has great influence on life quality, comfort, security, health. However, the number of resources consumed in the construction, use and operation of buildings, as well as the harm done to the built environment through the emission, pollution and waste of its components, gives greater concern and contributing largely to environmental degradation and climate change. To counteract this, it is essential to incorporate sustainable design elements into our buildings. This research investigates the role of sustainable architecture in achieving environmentally friendly office buildings, it addresses the challenge of minimizing the environmental impact of office building. The project draws upon a comprehensive study of office building across various regions and leverages a thorough review of relevant sustainable architecture literatures. The proposed office building integrates key sustainable architectural design elements like landscaping, energy efficiency, water conservation, and renewable energy. The study emphasizes the importance of prioritizing and addressing the need to minimize the environmental impact of the building throughout its life cycle, from pre-design to post-construction. By doing so, we can contribute to a more sustainable future, conserve resources, and improve public health. Keyword: Energy efficiency, Environmental impact, Landscaping, Office buildings, Renewable energy, Sustainable architecture, Sustainable design elements, Water conservation. Word count: 204
A Proposed Mixed-Use Development, Lagos, Nigeria (Circulation in Mixed-Use Buildings)
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Oluwafemi Abolaji ADEWUMI
This thesis explores the critical role of circulation design in optimizing functionality and user experience within mixed-use buildings. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literatures and case studies, the research examines spatial organization, traffic flow management, and user interaction patterns in diverse mixed-use environments. Key findings emphasize the integration of multi-modal transportation networks, inclusive accessibility provisions, and sustainable design strategies to enhance movement efficiency and connectivity. Strategic layout planning, spatial zoning, and technological innovations emerge as pivotal in mitigating congestion, improving navigation, and ensuring user safety. The study underscores the transformative potential of digital technologies in monitoring and optimizing circulation patterns to enhance operational performance and environmental sustainability. By synthesizing empirical review, this thesis contributes to a nuanced understanding of circulation dynamics in mixed-use buildings. It provides actionable recommendations for architects, developers, and urban planners to create resilient, user-centric environments that support vibrant communities and sustainable urban development. Keywords: Accessibility, Circulation, Efficiency, Mixed-Use Buildings, Spatial Layout, Sustainability, Technology, Traffic Flow, Urban Mobility & User Experience. Word count: 148 words
EXAMINATION OF COMPULSORY LAND ACQUISITION PROCESS IN MOKWA LGA, NIGER STATE
(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) ABDULLAHI YUSUF MAZAKUKA
This study examines compulsory land acquisition process in Mokwa Local Government Area of Niger State with a view to providing information that will enhance land administration process. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Out of 212 persons that were identified to be affected by compulsory land acquisition by the government in the study area and administered questionnaire on, 184 of them responded and filled the questionnaire, representing 94.4% response rate. The information obtained were analysed using descriptive statistical tools such as frequency distribution, mean score ratings, mean deviations, and Relative Importance Index (RII), and the results were presented in tables and charts. The study findings revealed that majority of affected landowners were males (79.3%), with majority of them between the ages of between 31-50 years (74.4%), majority are married (88.6%), and farming appears to be the dominant occupation among the affected landowners (61.4%). The findings also revealed that most of the affected landowners have lived in the village for more than 11 years (85.9%), (69%) of them inherited their lands, and a significant portion of the respondents (74.5%) are dissatisfied with their resettled location. The findings also indicated widespread dissatisfaction with the adequacy of services provided in the relocated location. Most services, including education, healthcare, electricity, sanitation, and garbage collection, are rated as inadequate, which could significantly impact the well-being and quality of life of the residents. With respect to respondents’satisfaction with land acquisition process in the study area, and the effectiveness of the process, the study reveals that processes like the enumeration process, adequacy of compensation sum, and assessment of the structure process exhibit significant dissatisfaction among respondents, as reflected in their low mean scores and negative mean deviations, and therefore were ranked ineffective as well. On factors affecting land acquisition process in the study area, factors such as: Inaccurate enumeration of assets, under assessment of structures and economic trees, Difficulty in identifying claimants, Lack of full participation of indigenous stakeholders, and Lack of Strong legal framework for protecting the land rights of local communities were ranked high; while factors such as: Lack of good resettlement plans, Lack of clear ownership rights to land, Lack of institutional framework for fair compensation, Lack of provision for injurious affections, Lack of political continuity, Lack of infrastructure in resettlement location, Inadequacy of compensation, Overlapping jurisdictions and mandates between state and traditional authorities, Lack of awareness of land related laws, Undocumented lands, and Introduction of fictitious claimants were mildly ranked, and Lack of fund, Late Payment of compensation, and Attitude of the people were ranked low. The study concluded that focus should be on strengthening legal frameworks and increasing stakeholder participation to ensure a more equitable and efficient land acquisition process. Keywords: Land Acquisition, Compensation, Resettlement, Dissatisfaction, Stakeholders, Legal Framework, Enumeration
Application of Biophilic Design for Human Wellbeing in Resorts
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Sharon Iretomiwa AGBOOLA
The recognition of our innate connection to nature is the basis of biophilic design. Its popularity has increased as a means of promoting sustainable development and improving our overall well-being. However, advancements in technology have led to a disconnection from nature. To counteract this, it is essential to incorporate natural elements into our built environment to reap the benefits of nature. This research analyzed the impact of biophilic design on human health, productivity, and overall well-being in selected resort facilities through literature and case studies. A resort facility was designed using biophilic design principles and elements to enhance human wellness. The proposed resort facility included features such as natural lighting and ventilation, weather, plants, natural landscapes, ecosystems, and the existing natural water body on the site. The study concludes that biophilia is a vital aspect of the built environment and should be prioritized in design and construction. Keywords: Biophilia, Biophilic Design, Resort, Sustainability, Nature Word Count: 147 words
Proposed Recreational Center for Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State (A Study on Biophilic Approach to a Recreational Center Design)
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Elijah Adeyemi ROTIMI
Nature and biophilic design have received robust attention and acceptance in architecture in the last fifteen years, especially in response to concerns about environmental challenges such as climate change and building aesthetics. This study attempts to look at the effect of biophilic design on campus recreational facility. Landmark University is one of the fastest growing universities in Nigeria, experiencing increase in the number of student intake per year, as the number of student increases, there is also increase demand for recreational facility. It was established in this study that construction of recreational facility for the university community will increase work-life balance, productivity, satisfaction and improved health for both the staff and students of the university. Qualitative research method was adopted for the study using case study approach as the instrument. Five related case studies which include three locals (University of Ilorin recreation garden; Nelson Mandela Freedom Park Osogbo, Osun State and Upbeat Recreational Centre, Lekki, Legos State) and three internationals (Campus Recreational Center, University of Utah, USA and Coles Sports and Recreation Center, New York University, New York City, USA) were analysed using physical observation and photographs to record findings, furthermore, journals, articles, books and other previous research works related to the study were also reviewed. The results revealed diverse biophilic design strategies and approaches applicable to achieving a sustainable environment, benefits of biophilic design were identified. The results indicate that biophilic design is more complex and richer than the mere application of vegetation in buildings. In conclusion, a recreational center, well design and constructed with adequate building material using biophilic approach will enhance productivity of staff and student academic performance, as well as enhancing environmental sustainability. This study therefore, recommends that the findings be included in all proposed campus recreational center designs. Keywords: Biophilic design, Recreational and Students Performance, Biophilic architecture, Sustainability, Biophilic design benefit, Recreational Activities. Word count: 293
Invigoration of Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center At Gbedun Village, Ona Ara, Oyo State.
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Marvel Ewaoluwa OYEDEJI
Due to the general rise in carbon emissions, energy efficiency in vocational centers is gradually becoming a necessity. Sustainable energy practices must be developed in order to alleviate the already present climate change challenges. The lack of energy efficiency in vocational centers results in increased operating costs and environmental impact, while also limiting educational opportunities and creating uncomfortable learning environments. The purpose of this study is to investigate how architectural design elements might improve the energy efficiency of vocational facilities. The issue is that user-friendly, aesthetically pleasing buildings can be created using anthropometry, space articulation, shape, volume, texture, and other architectural design concepts. The background of the argument is derived from the examination of pertinent case studies and literature. Case studies of real-world vocational institutions were explored as the research technique. Variables were thoroughly researched and utilized in the design of a proposed vocational training facility to drastically lower energy use. Additionally, the location of the site and its suitability for the planned construction were investigated. Finally, by utilizing energy-saving techniques There is a chance to reduce the building's energy use by roughly 70% during design and construction. Keywords: Energy Efficiency, Vocational Center, Carbon Emission, Sustainability, Energy-saving Techniques. Word count: 188
Proposed Faculty of Architecture (Maximizing Visual Comfort and Natural Lighting in Lecture Rooms)
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Azeez Adedamola OLAOYE
This research will review existing research on lighting design and its effects on human behavior and performance. It also will conduct a case study of a lecture room in a university, where it will analyze the lighting conditions and propose solutions for improving them. The ultimate aim of this research is to provide practical recommendations for architects, engineers, and educators to create more comfortable and sustainable learning environments. It also focuses on maximizing visual comfort and natural lighting in lecture rooms. It will explore different strategies and technologies that can be used to improve the quality of lighting in these spaces, with the goal of enhancing the learning experience for students and reducing energy consumption. Keyword: Proposed Faculty of Architecture, Maximizing Visual Comfort, Natural Lighting in Lecture Rooms
Proposed Lead City Ventures for Lead City University, Ibadan (A Study of Daylight Considerations in Commercial Hub Design)
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Olusegun Isaac OJELEYE
Energy efficiency is of paramount importance in commercial structures. The closure of various commercial buildings, primarily attributed to the substantial costs associated with maintenance, particularly in terms of energy expenses, underscores the significance of this issue. This research is centered on the exploration of daylighting techniques within commercial buildings, aiming to enhance their energy efficiency. The study presents an investigation into optimizing daylight utilization in a commercial hub, with the initial objective of mitigating the energy consumption linked to artificial lighting within commercial complexes. The research involves assessing the quantity of natural daylight required for commercial structures, with minimal alterations to architectural designs to mitigate glare within commercial spaces caused by solar radiation. The Daylight Factor (DF) serves as a key metric for gauging the internal natural illumination of these buildings. The results indicate substantial energy savings achievable through the incorporation of daylighting practices and propose adjustments to enhance the natural lighting conditions within buildings. The integration of daylighting techniques in commercial hubs promises a significant reduction in energy costs while simultaneously enhancing user circulation and visual comfort. The rationale for this argument is rooted in an extensive review of relevant literature and case studies. The research methodology employed entails an in-depth examination of existing commercial centers and ventures. Key variables have been diligently scrutinized and applied in the design of a proposed commercial hub, resulting in a substantial reduction in energy consumption. Additionally, the suitability of the site for the proposed building has been thoroughly evaluated. In conclusion, the implementation of daylighting strategies during the design and construction phases holds the potential to yield a remarkable reduction of approximately 70% in energy consumption within commercial buildings. Keywords: Energy Efficiency, Commercial Hub, Daylighting, Glare, Energy Efficiency, Solar Radiation. Word Count: 277
Proposed Shopping Mall for CECI Supermarket Nig, Limited in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria (An Assessment of Circulation in a Public Place Design, Case Study of Shopping Mall in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.)
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Ogechukwu Emmanuel ODOR
Consumption of goods and services are phenomenon required by men around the world to satisfy their daily needs which has transformed into a particular centre to seek such goods and service. Hence shopping mall as of the places where citizen by all classes of people regardless of their ability, age, race, ethnicity, social-economic level has access to such goods and services usually lead into a centre of high activities culminating in high human (pedestrians) and vehicular movements. This movements usually generate congestion when they are not properly organized. Most of existing shopping in a case study area are faced with circulation challenges in both exterior and interior parts of the building. However, there is need to mitigate such problems by proffer architectural measures to deploy towards enhancing them. Ibadan in Oyo State as one of the larger cities in west African was taken as the study area and other nearby cities such as Lagos, Osogbo (Osun State) and other shopping mall (public places) outside the county of the study area may be considered as a representative in relating to challenges addressed. The aim of this research design thesis is to assess and evaluate the circulation systems in shopping malls in the study area. Selected international and local shopping malls are used as the case study, descriptively analyzed according to the major subject matters and the result of the observation shows merit and demerits of universal design of malls across the globe. Hence provide a comfortable shopping environs for shoppers. Keywords: Circulation (Vertical and Horizontal), Architecture of Public Space, Accessibility, Shopping Mall Classification. Word Count: 262
Proposed Ultra-Modern Cultural Center for Abia State (Design Consideration for Ultramodern Cultural Center)
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Jeremiah Ndubisi NWAOBI
The issue for the architect while creating a cultural center is figuring out how to effectively convey the important cultural and traditional aspects of a community. In order to create cultural centers, architects had to identify, adapt, develop, and eventually convey both concrete and intangible cultural and traditional elements. To build a facility that is not only aesthetically spectacular but also practical and significant to the community it serves, many different considerations must be carefully taken into account. This study explores the essential design components and factors for an ultra-modern cultural center. To propose agreeable answers to various tropical construction and energy difficulties, an analysis of the integrated pertinent energy efficiency aspects is emerging. In this context, all parties involved, notably the architects and designers, must take responsibility. The aim of the study is to investigate strategies that can be used to achieve lighting and ventilation in a cultural center. Toprovide a comfortable environment that complies with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) standards, cultural centers must be created as part of the built environment with adequate ventilation and effective natural lighting. For people to feel comfortable within a structure, the design must combine environmentally friendly architecture and engineering. This research will examine two factors that affect indoor environmental quality: ventilation and "natural lighting" Architecture serves a wide range of purposes in the built environment, even in historical and cultural structures where explicit efforts are made to promote comfort and spatial ergonomics. Daylight and natural ventilation are vital resources that are easily accessible and unlikely to become scarce in the near future. In addition to perhaps serving as a tool for critiquing and assessing upcoming works, the results of this research should give architects and other designers a knowledge of the methods employed in conveying cultural center. Keywords: Cultural Center, Day lighting, Natural Ventilation, Design, Consideration Word count: 296
Sustainable Design Principles in the Design of Office Complex
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Aliu Ayobami HUSSAIN
It is now essential to the creation of office complexes that sustainable design principles are incorporated, as it has become with modern architecture and urban planning. The importance and use of sustainable design principles in office complex projects are discussed in this essay. This study emphasizes the many advantages of sustainable design, including energy efficiency, less environmental impact, and enhanced occupant well- being, by studying numerous case studies and pertinent literature. The application of important sustainable design principles to the development of office complexes is examined, including passive design methods, effective building systems, the integration of renewable energy sources, and responsible material choices. Additionally, the financial benefits of implementing sustainable practices are looked at, with a focus on the higher market value and long-term cost reductions connected to green buildings. According to the study's findings, the application of sustainable design concepts in office buildings promotes environmental responsibility while also fostering the creation of healthier, more productive work environments and a more sustainable future. This research offers crucial insights and recommendations for architects, developers, and politicians in the development of sustainable and resilient office complex buildings as corporations and governments prioritize environmental stewardship and human-centric design.
Obstacle to Effective Implementation of Policies in the Local Government System in Nigeria
(Lead City University, 2023-12) Daniel Oluwadamilare FAYOMI
The use of daylighting or natural light has traditionally been a desirable building feature and a hallmark of good design. In educational institutions, daylighting has frequently been acknowledged as a practical source of energy savings and visual comfort. Building occupants want excellent illumination for their workspace. Students and other professionals can be more comfortable and productive with natural illumination. The efficient use of natural daylighting in library buildings has the potential to increase the advantages of visual comfort, save energy use, and create a high-quality indoor environment for building occupants. This research explores the use of daylight strategies to enhance visual comfort in university libraries. With the increasing emphasis on sustainable design and energy-efficient buildings, natural light is being used as an important resource for illumination. However, the effective use of daylighting requires a balance between visual comfort, energy savings, and the preservation of library collections. This study examines the design considerations for daylighting strategies in university libraries, including window size and placement, shading devices, and interior finishes. The impact of daylighting on visual comfort is evaluated using qualitative method through desktop reviews and case study. The findings suggest that careful consideration of daylighting strategies can provide visual comfort for library users while preserving valuable collections. The use of daylighting strategies also enhances energy- efficient in buildings. This research provides a valuable resource for Architects seeking to incorporate daylighting strategies for visual comfort in university libraries. Keywords: Building Orientation, Daylight, Daylight Strategies, University Library, Visual Comfort, Shading Devices. Words Count: 235

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