Department of Sociology & Psychology
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Item Religious Belief, Reference Group and Ethnicity as Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Port Harcourt Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Onyinyechi CHARLES-AKPUNNEThis study examines religious beliefs, reference group influence, and ethnicity as determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among residents of Port-Harcourt. The study investigates how religious beliefs influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Port Harcourt residents, how reference groups influence COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Port Harcourt residents, and whether ethnicity influences COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Port Harcourt residents. To further explain, the diffusion of innovation theory was applied. The population was taken from three communities in the Obio-Akpor LGA, and an ex post facto research design was adopted. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, the Slovin formula n=N% (1 + Ne 2) was used to get a sample size of 400, of which 380 were eventually responded to and returned. Data were collected using a standardized survey instrument developed by the SAGE working group with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.90. Three hypotheses were evaluated at the 0.05 level of significance and analysed using linear regression statistical analysis. The findings revealed that religious belief does not significantly predict COVID- 19 vaccine hesitancy [F (1,366) =.686, P >.05]. There is no significant influence of the reference group on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy [F (1,367) =.000, P>.05], and ethnicity does not significantly determine COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy [F (1,366) =.858, P>.055]. Vaccine hesitancy can become harmful to society if it is not controlled. Hence, governments and health organizations should work together to combat vaccine disinformation and misinformation through health campaigns. Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccine Hesitancy, Religious Beliefs, Reference Group and Ethnicity. Word Count: 230Item Socioeconomic Characteristics and Health-Seeking Behaviour of Residents of Slum Settlements in Lagos State Metropoli(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Michael Olusegun DEMEHINThis research investigates the socioeconomic factors affecting the health-seeking behaviour of slum dwellers in the Lagos State metropolis. Among many findings, the research filled the scientific lacuna alluded to in earlier research on the cause of the high informal healthcare patronage among urban slum dwellers despite the general view of low health-seeking behaviour among this population segment. Factors such as availability, accessibility, and affordability of healthcare services play a vital role in analysing high levels of patronage of informal healthcare services among urban slum dwellers, as revealed in this research. Theories such as functionalism, Karl Marx's Class Analysis, and Kroeger’s Health-Seeking Behaviour Model were used as the analytical tools. The study methods were based on mixed methods, where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews, and the quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) was used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data through thematic and content analysis. From the results, educational attainment (P=0.014), employment status (P=0.002), and sickness experienced in the last 12 months (P=0.000) added significantly to the model of health-seeking behaviour. Therefore, education attainment, employment status and the possibility of experiencing sickness in the last 12 months are strong predictors for utilising healthcare services in the last 12 months among slum dwellers in the Lagos State metropolis. The qualitative results showed that accessibility, availability, and affordability are key factors affecting the health-seeking behaviour of the slum dwellers. Therefore, this research recommends that Nigeria's government create employment opportunities for Nigerians, and those intending to create businesses should be supported with loans. Education for all should be implemented in the national and state policies. Healthcare facilities in the slum settlements should be reviewed to benefit the health status of slum dwellers in Nigeria. Keywords: Health-Seeking Behaviour of slum settlers, Socioeconomic Factors, Slum Settlements, Lagos State Metropolis. Word Count: 278Item Loneliness, Shyness, Impulsivity as Predictors of Internet Addiction Among Students of Tertiary Institutions in Oyo State, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Oloruntofunmi Samuel AKANGBEThis study investigates predictors of internet addiction disorder among youths in Oyo State, Nigeria. Earlier findings revealed significant correlation between certain psychological characteristics and internet addiction. This research seeks to investigate the interplay between loneliness, impulsivity, and shyness in internet addiction disorder. The study was guided by social learning theory. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 416 participants for the study (199 females and 216 males); with an average age of 21.39 years. A standardized questionnaire comprising of loneliness (α = .96), impulsivity (α = .87), shyness (α = .90), and internet addiction disorder (α = .90). Five hypotheses were tested with regression analysis, t-test of independent sample and analysis of variance. The findings revealed that shyness has a significant influence on internet addiction disorder (R 2 = .038; F(1,414) =16.14 P < .01); there is a significant joint prediction of loneliness, impulsivity, and shyness on internet addiction disorder (R2 = .040; F(3,412) =5.68, P < .01). However, loneliness ( = .002; t = -.336 p > .05) and impulsivity ( = .046; t = .943p > .05) did not show any significant influence on internet addiction disorder. There is no significant difference between male youths (? − = 20.29) and female youths (? − = 20.51) on internet addiction disorder t (413) = -.493, p > .05). The findings revealed interesting insights as the study confirmed joint influence of loneliness, shyness, and impulsivity on internet addiction disorder. While each factor individually may not have significant impact, their combined effect was found to contribute to internet addiction among youths in Oyo State. It is recommended that the need for support programs be aimed at reducing internet addiction disorder among youths. Keywords: Internet addiction disorder, Shyness, Loneliness, Impulsivity Word Count: 297Item Prevention and Management of Sickle Cell Anemia: A Medico-Social Perspective(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Omolara Oluwafunmito ADENIYISickle Cell Disease is an age-old disease which has been known for hundreds of years in Africa. It was known in Africa by onomatopoeic names denoting the recurrent, unrelenting, and painful nature of the disease. Although, the symptoms of the disease could be traced to 1670 in a Ghanaian family, disorders of hemoglobin synthesis were unrecognized by the scientific community until 1910. Sickle cell disease is the commonest single gene disease in Africa. It is common throughout the sub-saharan Africa, affecting up to 30% of people in some parts of the continent. Morbidity and mortality from this disease has remained unacceptably high in Africa whereas there has been a marked reduction in the burden of this disease in the developed countries. This reduction was not achieved through the use of sophisticated care such as bone marrow transplant, but through the adoption of transition programs, premarital counseling, public education, genetic education and counseling, and a Comprehensive Health Care Management protocol for sickle cell disease. This protocol of care emphasizes prevention of crises through effective management of the disease. This discourse examines the dimension of SCD, tracing its genesis and implications, its psychological impacts, national burden and the way forward. The paper also examines various strategies for preventing SCD as well as mechanisms for coping or SCD management mechanisms. As this discourse is from the perspective of Master of Social Work, the paper sheds light on the social work profession and its role in the prevention and management of SCD. Keywords: Prevention and Management, Sickle Cell Anemia, Medico-Social PerspectiveItem The Implications of Farmers – Herders Clashes in Nigeria. A Case Study of Iseyin Community(Lead City University, 2023-12) Abiola Oluwatosin AGBAKOSIThe Fulani herdsmen and farmers' clashes in Nigeria, particularly in Iseyin Local Government Area of Oyo State, have caused significant disruptions. This study aims to investigate the The Criminalities and Implications of Fulani Herdsmen and Farmers Clashes on Criminal Justices System in Nigeria. The population under study includes residents of Iseyin city, encompassing Fulani herdsmen, farmers, police officers, prison officials, and lawyers. A sample size of 400 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamale method. Questionnaires were the primary data collection tool, and Descriptive Statistical Analysis was employed, including percentages, frequency tables, and arithmetic mean calculations. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the study's hypotheses. The results indicate a significant relationship between Fulani herdsmen attacks and farmers' crises in Iseyin, leading to the rejection of hypothesis. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between the level of awareness among Iseyin residents and Fulani herdsmen and farmers' clashes, rejecting hypothesis. However, there is no significant effect of Fulani herdsmen and farmers' clashes on the criminal justice system in Nigeria, as hypothesis was rejected. To mitigate Fulani herdsmen and farmers' clashes in Iseyin, improved communication through understanding different languages, awareness of climate change, and mutual accommodation could reduce conflicts and enhance farming experiences. The ongoing clashes have deterred Iseyin residents from farming due to safety concerns. The Oyo state government can enact by-laws to establish ranches, define grazing lands, and designate grazing routes. Civil actions against Fulani herdsmen can also be pursued to deter recurrent attacks. Keywords: Herdsmen Farmers' Clashes, Criminalities, Criminal Justices System Count: 240Item Infertility-Related stress and Coping Strategies as Predictors of Mental Well-being among Individuals with Reproductive Health Challenges in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria(Lead City University, 2023-12) Aderonke A. ABOLUSODUNThis study explored the Infertility- Related- Stress and Coping Strategies as predictors of Mental Well-being among Individuals with Reproductive Health Challenges in Ibadan. The study adopted a descriptive cross sectional research design using probability sampling of simple random to recruit 333 males and females going through issues of infertility at selected four hospitals in Ibadan. Respondents ages ranged from 21 to 60. .Sample size was determined using Taro and Yamani 1967 formula. Data was collected by the use of reliable and valid measure of mental well-being, Infertility-Related-Stress and coping strategies. .Four hypotheses were tested. There is no significant difference between male (? − = 38.75, SD = 6.57) and female (? − = 38.94, SD = 6.74) on mental well-being (t (322) = -.220, p > 0.05).There is significant joint impact of problem focused, emotional focused, and avoidance coping strategies on mental well-being among the infertile males and females, R2 = .091, F (3,315) = 10.457, p < .01.There is significant joint influence of infertility-related stress (social concern, need for parenthood, rejection of childfree lifestyle, and couple’s relationship concern) on mental well-being among the infertile males and females, R 2 = .386, F (4, 314) = 49.34, p < .01. Age does not significantly influence mental well-being F(1,308) = 1.32, p > .05. There is significant joint prediction of age and infertility-related stress on mental well-being F(5, 304) = 40.00, p < .01, There is significant joint prediction of age, infertility-related stress and coping strategies on mental well-being F(8, 301) = 27.61, p < .01. It was recommended that these variables should be considered when designing intervention to improve mental well-being of every individual passing through the challenges of infertility. Keywords: Infertile males and females, Infertility- Related-Stress, Coping strategies, Mental Well-being. Word Count: 291Item Thriving at Work and Moderating Effect of Workplace Support on Subjective Well-being among Bankers in Ibadan Metropolis(Lead City University, 2022-12) Mistura Oluwaseun AKINOLAThis study investigated the influence of thriving at work, and the moderating effect of workplace support on the subjective well-being (SWB) of bank employees at selected local governments in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State. The study is a cross-sectional design using a survey method. Social Comparison Theory guided the study. A total of 402 bank employees was determined by Cochran formula, as multistage random sampling was engaged to select the banks from 5 local governments in Ibadan. Participants age ranging from 20 to 60 years (X = 35.4; SD = 7.4). Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire measuring Thriving at work, Workplace Support, and SWB. Four hypotheses were tested using ANOVA and regression analysis. Result showed Thriving at work has significant main effect on SWB, (F (1,394) = 21.86, P < .01, coworker F (1,394) = 14.88, P < .01). Learning thriving at work has a significant main effect on SWB, F (1,395) = 37.24, P<.01). Supervisor support (F (1,395) = 39.67, P< .01). The result also showed a significant interaction effect between learning thriving at work and supervisor support on SWB. Effect of thriving at work was significantly positive (β = .38, SE = .10, t = 7.97, P < .05). Thriving at work and workplace support have joint predictive influence on SWB (R2 = .258, F (2,399) = 69.348, P <.05). Thriving at work has significant independent influence on SWB (β = .279, t = 6.229, P < .05) and workplace support has significant independent influence on SWB (β = .357, t = 7.987, P < .05.) In conclusion, there is a significant linkage between workplace support and thriving at work on SWB. Study recommends that organizations should provide enabling environment where employees can thrive favorably without hindrance. Keywords: Energetic at work, Learning at work, Subjective well-being, Thriving at work, Workplace support, Moderation. Word Count: 290