Honey Induced Expression of Glutathione-Encoding Genes (gshA and gshB) in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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2022-12
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Lead City University
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a commonly isolated pathogenic and multidrug resistant bacteria contains gshA and gshB genes also present in most Gram-negative bacteria. The genes encode enzymes involved in glutathione biosynthesis important in biofilm formation, bacteria virulence and stress protection. The expressions of these genes have been shown to increase in the presence of oxidative stress due to H2O2 as well as other hydroperoxides. Honey has been found to have antibacterial properties against a wide range of bacteria species and H2O2 is the major contributor to the antimicrobial activity of most honey types especially at 30%-50% dilution. This experimental study isolated and assessed the antibiotics and honey susceptibility of some Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from LTH Ogbomoso Nigeria. Investigation into their 16SrRNA for confirmation and assessment of the expression of the gshA and gshB genes in the presence of varying percentages (100%, 50% and 25%) of the sweet and bitter Nigerian Honey was done using Conventional and Real-time PCR. The presence and expression of these genes were detected in three out of the eight selected isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the controls(untreated), 50% and 25% honey dilutions and they showed down regulation of an average of 8.8 ±0.28 (25%) and 9.0 ±0.08 (50%) and 8.3±1.2(25%) and 7.0±0.5 (50%) fold decrease for gshA and gshB genes respectively in sweet honey, except in the 100% where they were not expressed. This study has been able to establish the presence of the glutathione producing genes gshA and gshB in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The expression of the genes mean that H2O2 present in honey is liable to deactivation by the production of glutathione. Glutathione genes should be considered as essential for the successful treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections signifying the importance of these genes in relation to honey therapy when used as an antibacterial agent.
Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Gene Expression; gshA and gshB; Honey-resistance.
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Kate Turabian