Department of Public Health

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National Policies To Prevent And Manage Cervical Cancer In West African Countries: Policy Mapping Analysis.
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Adepoju Evelyn Adejoke
Cervical cancer is a significant public health challenge globally and it is more pronounced in the low and middle income economics to which West African countries belong. WHO has guidelines which are the underpinnings of Countries National Policies towards prevention and management of cervical cancer. By using policy mapping, one may highlight the improvements that must be made to health policies while also presenting evidence for treatments that work. In order to identify and evaluate health policies for the prevention and management of cervical cancer in West African countries, this work mapped out the legal framework. The majority of cancer-related deaths among women in West African nations are brought on by cervical cancer, a condition that is mostly avoidable. Legal records were uniformly searched from national cancer institute websites, government websites, and international and national legal databases. Results were put into tables and discussed. 35 documents which included plans, strategies, policies and guidelines from 16 West African countries were examined. The topics that began to emerge included obstacles, screening, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and mitigating attempts. The key findings include a lack of preventative vaccination against human papillomavirus inclusion into national immunization schedules, no binding rules, a considerable deviation from international norms (WHO guidelines) in most of the countries and insignificant screening registries. This study supports the connection between law and health and the requirement for open-book legislative and regulatory measures to further reduce cervical cancer mortality in West African nations.
Acceptability of Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Africa: A Systematic Review
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Olunike Rebecca ABODUNRIN
Human Papillomavirus self-sampling is a process in which a woman who wants to know if she has an HPV infection collects a cervicovaginal sample herself with a kit and sends it to a laboratory for analysis. Self-sampling has the potential to increase the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in Africa. Immunosuppression and low CD4 counts caused by HIV infection predispose women living with HIV infection to an increased risk for cervical cancer and the development of intraepithelial lesions. Although the majority of HPV infections are asymptomatic and cure on their own, chronic HPV infection can lead to illness. In women, persistent infection with specific HPV types (most often HPV-16 and HPV-18) can cause precancerous lesions that can proceed to cervical cancer if left untreated. The causal relation between HPV and cervical cancer has enabled self-sampling to be envisaged as a possible screening method in low-resource settings. Also, in Africa, research conducted on the acceptability of the self-sampling of HPV among HIV patients is few. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of HPV self-testing among women living with HIV, the uptake of cervical cancer screening services, the frequency of cervical cancer screening, the clinical treatment provided for cervical lesions/HPV positive and the social harm/adverse effects of self- sampling. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Google Scholar were used to search for articles on HPV self-sampling among women living with HIV in Africa published as of 1 September 2020. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2020 guidelines were followed to design and report the results. A total of 1074 records were identified through electronic searches. After applying the screening criteria, 7 studies were eligible for inclusion in the review and were analysed. Five articles reported the acceptability of self-sampled tests, five studies stated the participants that tested positive, only two reported follow-up, two studies reported social harm/adverse effects of self-clinician sampled test and no study reported the frequency of cervical cancer screening. HPV self-sampling is an effective and achievable substitute for clinician sampling in Africa. It could improve the uptake of cervical cancer screening and reduce the mortality rate of cervical cancer in Africa. Keywords: Human papillomavirus, Self-sampling, women living with HIV/AIDS, Africa Word counts: 367
Disease Surveillance Practices Among Public And Private Health Facilities In Two Local Government Areas in Lagos State, Nigeria.
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Christianah Olubukola OYEYIOLA
The level of understanding of disease surveillance officers, designated health care workers in health facilities is critical when considering the reason for not reporting or under reporting of diseases of public health importance. This was a cross-sectional study of 238 public and private health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. It was conducted to examine the level of compliance in disease surveillance reporting and the factors that influence its involvement.Disease reporting using the IDSR tool has been observed to be poor. This is because most health facilities do not see the surveillance report as important and those who report do so late. The wrong reporting system observed also points to the fact that a lot of diseases are under reported giving the surveillance The complexity of the notifiable illness monitoring system, which has various inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback components, made it necessary to concentrate on only a few key areas. The primary objective is to analyze the performance and capacity of the notification system through a thorough qualitative evaluation of a few selected notification system components.In public health, underreporting and late reporting frequently impair the proper response.
Knowledge, Practice and Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening, Prevention and Treatment among women in Yagba West Local Government Area, Kogi State
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Esther Olanike AJIBOYE
Cervical cancer is the most common genital cancer and one of leading causes of death among women. Fortunately, this cancer can be prevented through screening for pre-malignant lesions but this is rarely provided and hardly utilized. An adopted cross-sectional study design was used for this study, where 417 respondents were recruited for the sample size. The sampling techniques that was used for this study was two stage cluster sampling. The data collected using structured questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS; the findings showed that majority of women were mis-concepted about cervical cancer screening, prevention and treatment which prevented them from practicing cervical cancer screening. The finding shows that out of four hundred and seventeen (417) respondents that were recruited 44(10.6%) are between the age of 18 – 20 years, 100(24%) are between the age of 21 -26 years, 232(55.6%) are between the age of 27 – 35 years, while 41(9.6%) are between the age of 36 - 55 years. The study shows that 118(28.3%) are single, 248 (59.5%) are married, while 51(12.2%) were previously married. The finding also shows that only 33.20% of the respondent has good knowledge of cervical cancer while 66.80% have poor knowledge. For the factors influencing good knowledge on cervical cancer, the result shows that respondent between 18 – 20 years are 80 times more likely to have poor knowledge of cervical screening compared to their counterpart who are between the age of 36 -55 years at (3.187, 2025.872 CI). Recommendations were made that the health workers should create friendly environment where every woman will be free without any fear for cervical cancer screening and treatment. Women should be educated about the treatment options for pre-cancer lesions. Health workers should educate the appropriate authority on HPV and how the women can be immunized to prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer. Word count: 300 Keywords: Cancer, Screening, Pre-malignant, Human Papilloma Vaccine, Yagba West
Assessment of Knowledge and Willingness to Pay for HPV Vaccine Among Women Of Known HIV Status in Oyo State
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Mojibola Arinola Babalola
This study assessed the knowledge and willingness to pay for HPV vaccine among women of known HIV status in Oyo State. This study discovered that willingness to pay for HPV vaccines among women of known HIV status was low in the study area. The study applied health promotion model.A descriptive cross-sectional study design that used a multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 397 women living with HIV from the study setting. A pretested self-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The data collected was coded and entered into SPSS windows, version 23.0. It was further analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at p≤0.05.Mean age of the respondents was 44.18 ± 9.54 years, and 45.1% had secondary education as their highest educational qualifications. Also, 15.9% and 53.4% had good knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer respectively. About 17.1% had good knowledge of HPV vaccine; while 16.1% were willing to pay for HPV vaccine. In addition to this, 58.9% were willing to get their daughters vaccinated. More so, 55.4% acknowledged that they would be willing to pay for their daughter’s vaccine. Hypothetically, educational status was significantly associated with women’s knowledge of HPV (p<0.05). Furthermore, age and marital status were significantly associated with women’s knowledge of cervical cancer (p<0.05).From the foregoing study, it is evident that women’s knowledge of HPV, cervical cancer and HPV vaccine were poor. Also, very few women were willing to pay for HPV vaccine; while a little above half were willing to get their daughters vaccinated. Thus, there is a need to improve maternal knowledge and provide medical information to women of known HIV status about HPV which helps in prevention of cervical cancer. Keywords: Knowledge, willingness to pay, HPV vaccine, women of known HIV status. Word counts: 282
Intimate Partner Violence and Depression Among Pregnant Women in Orolu Local Government, Ifon, Osun State
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Islamiyat Abiola, AGBOOLA
More than one in three women worldwide report being physically or sexually abused by intimate partners. Even though the most frequent mental illness during pregnancy is depression, majority of research on maternal depression has concentrated on postpartum depression. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of AD among pregnant women who visit specific PHCs in the Orolu Local Government, as well as to evaluate the relationship between IPV and depression, the risk factors for AD, and the experience of violence (Osun state). This study employed a cross-sectional design using a three stage sampling, simple random sampling was used to pick one PHC each from the ten stratified wards and proportionate random sampling was used to pick respondents from each of the health facility. All pregnant women who were present for antenatal care sessions as at the time the study was carried out were recruited. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test at p=0.05. AD affected 56.0% of the population. 26 (8.0%) of the responders reported high levels of GBV exposure while pregnant. While parity and violent experiences were linked to depression, the sociodemographic features of the respondents were not linked to depression during pregnancy. There is a need to encourage investments in effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment initiatives that are crucial for identifying pregnant women in need of intervention in order to safeguard the wellbeing of mother and baby. AD is frequently ignored and under-diagnosed, so prenatal care should not only focus on physical health but also on emotional health. It is advised to screen for depression and IPV during prenatal visits with referral to relevant care and service. Keywords; antenatal depression, pregnant women, risk factors, violence Word Count 288
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers to Breast Cancer Screening Among Women Visiting Pathology Laboratories in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Lebari Pleasant MENE
Breast cancer is a common disease in women and also an issue of public health concern. Early detection of breast cancer in women increases post-diagnosis survival rates and lowers breast cancer morbidity and mortality as the stage at the time of diagnosis is one of the primary contributing factors to its prognosis. A facility-based, cross-sectional study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and barriers to breast cancer screening among women visiting pathology laboratories in Ibadan North LGA. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 176 women visiting pathology laboratories for this study. A cluster sampling procedure involving multistage sampling was used to recruit the participants. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to elicit information on socio-demographic, knowledge, attitude, screening practices and barriers to breast cancer screening. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Version 23.0). The result of the study showed that the study participants (72%) had good knowledge on breast cancer. More than half of the participants (57%) had negative attitude towards screening, only 24 (14%) had good breast cancer screening practices and the Chi square test showed that “it is unacceptable to touch my breast (p = 0.2), feeling shy to uncover my breast (p =0.5), it is embarrassing to tell people about (p = 0.4), feeling worried about what the doctor may find (39%) and stigma following cancer diagnosis (38%)” are the barriers associated with breast cancer screening. The study participants have good knowledge, negative attitude and fair breast cancer screening practices. There is need for policy guidelines that will enhance adequate training of Nigerian women on the cost and benefits of early detection of breast cancer through screening, this will address the barriers associated with screening, thereby improving attitude and practice and reduce the overall morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Breast Cancer, Pathology Laboratories, Barriers Word Count: 290
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pressure Ulcers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
(M.PH, 2022-12) Kafilat Abimbola OYENUGA
Pressure ulcers (PU), also known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores, are skin injuries caused on by prolonged, continuous pressure, shear, friction, or a combination of these on a specific area of skin. Pressure ulcers poses risk to a people’s health and well-being as it is one of the top five most common causes of patient harm in the hospital and in the community. Its global impact affects millions of people as a result of its degree and severity of injury to the skin, underlying tissue and muscles The objectives of the study are to systematically assess the prevalence and risk factors of pressure ulcers in Sub-Saharan Africa.The study eligibility criteria include studies with prevalence and risk factors data of pressure ulcers from Sub-Saharan Africa since the year January 1990 to August 2022. The participants considered in the study are people of any age, including children, in any setting, specifically including hospital patients from any clinical area but not restricted to hospital settings. PRISMA guideline for systematic reviews in which PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, CINHAL, Google Scholar were searched for studies reporting prevalence and risk factors data. From the result, eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The total prevalence in the eight studies was 328. The most common pressure ulcer site in the studies was the sacral region with 171 cases. Prevalence of pressure ulcers in Sub-Saharan Africa has been said to be high among hospitalized patients in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study recommended that further prospective studies on the prevalence and risk factors of pressure ulcers are needed in Sub-Saharan Africa. Keywords: Prevalence of Pressure ulcer, risk factors of pressure ulcer, Sub-Saharan Africa Word count: 280
PREVALENCE AND KNOWLEDGE OF RISK FACTORS OF TOXOPLASMOSIS INFECTION AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
(Lead City University, 2022-12) OGUNSOLA, Yusuf Opeyemi
The causative agent of Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii still has low mortality rate among adults but its destructive effects on People Living with HIV include Encephalitis, chorioretinitis, mental retardation and eye blindness, and this cannot be overemphasized. Recent information on prevalence among adult and devastating effects of this parasitic infection on the People Living with HIV is still lacking in Ibadan, Nigeria. In view of the above, this study was therefore designed to determine the prevalence of anti-Toxoplama IgG, risk factors of Toxoplasma infection and knowledge of Toxoplasmosis among People Living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria. This descriptive cross-sectional study examined three hundred and sixty eight People Living with HIV selected from PEPFER Clinics in eleven local government areas of Ibadan using multi-stage sampling method. 2ml of blood was collected from each participant. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection and knowledge of People Living with HIV about Toxoplasmosis. Individual blood serum was screened for anti-Toxoplasma IgG using Enzyme Linked Immunoassay. Exposures to Toxoplasma infection was defined as a score of ≥1 out of sum two or more factors scoring 1 point for each. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi square, P-value = 0.05. The mean age of the participant was 39.76 (±12.38) years. Toxoplasma IgG seroprevalence was 22.8%. The seroprevalence was highest (32.3%) among participants age of 41-50 years, with regards to those that were positive 48 (21.2%) were married, 44 (23.4%) had secondary education, 20(16.1%) engaged in market business women, 64(21.3%) are Yorubas, 12 (30.0%) already had more than three children, 64(30.2%) were from monogamous family, 20 (15.6%) practiced Islamic faith, with regards to those that were positive 12 (12%) had habit of eating washed vegetables. Among the People Living with HIV, there was significant association between Toxoplasma IgG seroprevalence and type of family. eating asun, eating vegetable salad, the type of toilet used, contact with cats and the unit of blood ever received for blood transfusion, P< 0.05. The odds is 0.374 time lower among those that have ever received a unit of blood than those that have ever received more than one unit of blood, and are statistically significant at p < 0.05 (OR = 0.374; CI: 0.169 – 0.830). None of the People Living with HIV had knowledge of Toxoplasmosis: its route of transmission, signs and symptoms, it’s effects ontheir lifestyle, effects on immune status and the way to prevent or avoid the infection. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG was associated with consumption of vegetable salad, cat possession, family type, serial blood transfusion and consumption of “asun”. The participants did not know anything about Toxoplasmosis. Health education and screening for Toxoplasmosis among People Living with HIV is recommended.. Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, people living with HIV, cat possession, vegetable salads, Enzyme Linked ImmunoAssay Word count: 456
Awareness and Attitudes Towards Hepatitis B Virus Among Students and Their Vaccination Status in Lead City University
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Mayokun Emmanuel OGUNWUMIJU
This study assessed the Awareness and attitudes towards hepatitis B virus among students and their vaccination status in Lead City University. This study Specific objectives includes; To assess the awareness of Hepatitis B virus among students in a tertiary institution, To determine the attitude of students towards Hepatitis B vaccination among students of tertiary institution. To determine the status of hepatitis vaccination among students of tertiary institution. The study adopted cross sectional study. A sample size four hundred students were selected from estimated number of students in Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo state. A multistage sampling technique was used for this study, the first stage is where all participants were grouped into clusters according to their faculties and then the second stage, the participant were grouped into smaller clusters according to their departments under these faculties. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test at 5%. A look at the awareness of hepatitis b virus among students revealed average level of awareness among them, as those that are aware is 49.4%.The attitude of people on Hepatitis B Virus infection was also assessed in the study. Results from the study showed that majority of the people (55%) had good attitude as this percentage had an average score of 3 and the perception was not bad as less than half of them scored within the range of 0-2. Also, majority (56%) of the participant were of the view that hepatitis b vaccination should be made compulsory. The results of the study also showed that most of respondents (78%) believed that healthy people need vaccination against HBV. Almost all of the respondents (69%) indicated that they were willing to be vaccinated against Hepatitis B Virus infection. However, only 15% had ever been vaccinated against the hepatitis B virus infection. Based on the study, the following recommendations were made; Universities should raise awareness about the benefits and safety of HB vaccination, Universities should work with ministry of health to get free kit to conduct the Hepatitis B virus test, Lectures on hepatitis B virus and vaccination should be part of the school orientation program for the new students. Word counts:355
Disease Surveillance Practices Among Public And Private Health Facilities In Two Local Government Areas in Lagos State, Nigeria
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Christianah Olubukola OYEYIOLA
The level of understanding of disease surveillance officers, designated health care workers in health facilities is critical when considering the reason for not reporting or under reporting of diseases of public health importance. This was a cross-sectional study of 238 public and private health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. It was conducted to examine the level of compliance in disease surveillance reporting and the factors that influence its involvement. Disease reporting using the IDSR tool has been observed to be poor. This is because most health facilities do not see the surveillance report as important and those who report do so late. The wrong reporting system observed also points to the fact that a lot of diseases are under reported giving the surveillance The complexity of the notifiable illness monitoring system, which has various inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback components, made it necessary to concentrate on only a few key areas. The primary objective is to analyze the performance and capacity of the notification system through a thorough qualitative evaluation of a few selected notification system components.
Management of Febrile Illness Cases among under 5 years in Selected Primary Healthcare Centers in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Oyetunde Timon OYEBAMI
Management of febrile illness cases is one of the major cases seen and attended to at various level of health care facilities ranging from primary, secondary, and tertiary health facilities with Nigeria context, this has been guided by development, dissemination and distribution of national guidelines to health care workers at all levels of health facility. At selected Primary Healthcare Centres in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, 250 self-administered and pre-designed questionnaires were distributed to various health care professionals involved in the management of febrile patients at the primary healthcare level. The study questionnaire was divided into four sections. All questions were simple and straightforward, both open-ended and closed-ended. After consent given, questions were answered. The categories of health care providers were highest with Community health extension workers (CHEW) 62.8%, The categories of HCs covered were highest with Primary health care facility (92.4%) and lowest in Community health officer (11.6%). The results of this study showed that each health facility employee used one type of testing or another to identify the etiological agent causing the febrile illness. The most common method used was mRDTs (74.8%). The lack of some basic facilities like access to the internet, has affected the adoption and application of the treatment guidelines in the management of febrile diseases among children under the age of five in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The study demonstrated that FMOH, Abuja authorized policy on management of febrile illness, including sufficient diagnostic processes before treatment, serves as a guide for medical staff at Nigeria's basic health institutions. Keywords: Treatment guidelines, Community health extension workers, Management of febrile illness, Primary healthcare Centres, Rapid diagnostic test, Etiological agent Word Count = 276
Experiences And Prevalence Of Gender-Based Violence Among Public Secondary School Student In Ibadan North Local Government Area, Ibadan
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Temitope Ayodeji AKINOLA
Gender-based violence has been identified as a public health problem. Several studies have been done on gender-based violence. However, there has not been sufficiently researched as experience among adolescents in Nigeria, especially in Ibadan. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the experiences and prevalence of gender-based violence among students in Ibadan North local government area. This study was a cross-sectional design where 385 students were selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21. Graphs, regression analysis, and Chi-square test of independence were used to present results with hypotheses stated at p< 0.05 significant levels. A total of 323 students participated in the study, 166 (51.4%) females and 157 (48.6%) males. The higher proportion of the respondents, 165 (51.1%), were in the age group 15–18 years, and the majority of them, 255 (79.2%), were Yoruba. Only 31% of the participants claimed to have been taught about gender-based violence. More than three quarters (85.5%) of the respondents agreed that girls were more at risk of gender-based violence. With approximately 40.4% prevalence of sexual harassment, 65.6% physical violence, and 28.8% bullying, however, only 42.7% of the respondents claimed to have reported the incidence. The findings of this study indicate that gender-based violence is prevalent amongst public secondary school students and also ascertained that a higher proportion of the students have not been enlightened or taught about the concept of gender-based violence in their schools. Therefore, there is need for the Violence Against Persons Provision Act to eradicate gender-based violence, school students and the adoption of a school-based prevention handbook into schools. Word Count: 274 Keywords: Gender based violence, Sexual Harassment, Physical violence, Adolescents, Violence against Persons act
Contraceptive use among Adolescent Girls(15-19 Years) in Ogun State, Nigeria
(Lead City University, 2022-12) ONIYITAN Adedoyin Adedeji
Adolescent contraception stemmed from that fact that a large majority of unwanted pregnancies , unsafe abortions, that results in deaths are from the age group 15-19 years. Its is expected that if these gropu of people have access to and are knowledheable about the use of modern contraception, the high rise of the aforementioned cases will reduce drastically. The objective of the study is to to assess the awareness and practice of contraception among the adolescent girls (15-19 years) in Ogun State The research adopted a cross sectional study using self- administered questionnaires.Three Hundred and Forty Seven (347) adolescent girls 15-19 years who are in the final secondary schools and early tertiary institutions were sampled which required their knowledge, access, and use of contraceptives. Descriptive bivariate and logistic regression was used to test associations between the contraceptive use and the independent variables. From the study, a higher proportion of the respondents was aware about contraception. Furthermore, the highest proportion of the respondents (87.7%) sourced their contraceptives in pharmarcy/drug store, with proportion of the respondents (46.0%) claiming to have heard about contraceptives before. The result from Table 7 shows that adolescent of age 15-17 are 1.28 less likely to use contraceptives compared to their counterpart who are 18-19 years at (0.477, 1.267 CI). The findings shows from the study that respondent who are practicing Islam are 1.2 less likely to use contraceptives compared to their counterpart who are practicing Christianity at (0.471, 1.278 CI). The findings also shows that people who are living in the rural are 2.09 less likely to use contraceptive compared to their counterpart who live in urban at (0.170, 1.346 CI). Word count – 272 Keywords – Adolescent, Contraceptive use, Knowledge
Assessment of the Application of Information Technology on Health Information Management Practice in University College Hospital, Ibadan
(M.PH, 2022-12) Sofiyat ADEDOKUN
Application of IT in HIM practice is a tool to promoting healthcare practice. There is evidence of ineffective HIM system as a result of cumbersome paper-based and disjointed health data management causing delay in taking prompt and effective decision. The study will serve as a template to the management and relevant bodies for implementing an effective application of IT. Overall purpose was to assess the application of IT on health information practice in UCH, Ibadan. A cross-sectional study was adopted with a multistage sampling technique to select respondents. An adapted questionnaire from previous study was used and pretested with 422 healthcare workers of UCH. Descriptive statistics of the quantitative variables were analyzed using frequency, percentage count, mean and standard deviation as represented in tables and charts. Chi-square was used to test significant associations between the dependent and independent variables. P-values <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data collected were entered and cleaned using SPSS Version 25.0. The study showed that 89.3% of respondents had positive attitude towards IT application. All respondents agreed that IT application in HIM is beneficial. About 92.0% of respondents had good application of IT and 96.3% agreed that the facility is associated with challenges in terms of applications of IT. Chi square analysis showed educational attainment X2 Value=6.145, P-value=0.046 significantly correlate with the attitude towards IT application. Lack of access to IT tools (P-value=0.023), Failure of IT equipment or tools (P-value=0.013), Lack of management support (P-value=0.007) were significantly associated with the challenges and IT application. Intensive research on use of IT in HIM practice should be conducted within a wider environment in Nigeria to be able to documents such information for generalization. IT as a necessary tool that proffers solutions to problems emanated from paper-based health records which aids exchange of information between healthcare providers and facility. Keywords: Healthcare, Information Technology, Health Information Management Words Count: 300
Influence of Hospital Management Information System (Health in a Box) on Patients’ Satisfaction in the University College Hospital, Ibadan.
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Abiola Lateefat LAWAL-BADMUS
This research work focused on “Influence of Hospital Management Information System (Health in a Box) on Patients’ Satisfaction in the University College Hospital, Ibadan. The purpose of the study to identify the use of hospital management information system on the Patients’ satisfaction. The objective aimed to examine use of hospital management information system (health in a box), and patient’s level of satisfaction at University College Hospital, Ibadan. The study has added to the body of knowledge on literature review of the use of hospital management information system in the hospital, it has helped in identified the challenges of proper use of hospital management information system. The study adopted cross sectional study design, sample size were 300 patients. The sample size drawn from the population of patients receiving treatment from clinical departments of University College Hospital through the simple random sampling technique. The major instrument was questionnaire, three hundred questionnaires were distributed to the Patients receiving care, and all the questionnaires was filled by the patients and retrieved by the researcher. The statistical procedure that the researcher choose for the analysis of data was descriptive and chi-square method. The finding shows that there is an existing hospital management information system at University College Hospital and use at different areas of services such as generating patient track number, documentation of clinical information, etc. However, the Hospital Management Information System has not been regularly utilized by Doctors for documentation of clinical complaints, finding, and notification of clinical appointment electronically, etc. at the various clinics. Patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan are generally happy with the quality of their care. The management should create a local regulation to enforce and promote the usage of the system in order to increase the use of hospital management information system and engagement among the doctors. Keywords: Hospital Management Information System, Patients’ Satisfaction, Notification of Clinical Appointment, Patient Track Number, Clinical Complaints Word Count: 299
Assessment of Postpartum Depression and Maternal Wellbeing Among Nursing Mothers in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo State
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Mariam Abiodun Amuda
The major purpose of this research is to determine the factors that contribute to postpartum depression among nursing mothers in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria, as well as the association between postpartum depression and maternal wellbeing among nursing mothers. The study was a facility based cross-sectional design study, aimed at nursing mothers visiting primary health centers in Ibadan North Local Government Area. Using a simple random sampling method 300 consenting nursing mothers were sampled from 5 PHCs. Data were collected using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The data was analyzed using the chi square approach to determine the association or relationship between postpartum depression and maternal wellbeing, and logistic regression was utilized to identify the significant components. The respondents' median age was 27.73±4.78 and their ages ranged from 20 to 44. According to this study, there is no significant correlation between mother wellbeing and postpartum (p value is 0.622), however there is one between ethnic groupings and educational attainment (p value is 0.016),(p value 0.001). Joint delivery arrangements have a strong correlation with postpartum depression prevalence at UOR, with a P value of 0.02 (0.266, 0.893%). There is also a significant association between anxious to be able to cope with the baby at p value 0 (0.128, 0.465%) and the prevalence of postpartum depression. This study found that the risk factors for postpartum depression were experienced by more than half of the respondents 83%. Since postpartum depression is frequently ignored and underdiagnosed, postnatal care should place equal emphasis on both physical and emotional health. Investments in successful prevention, diagnosis, and treatment initiatives are needed to identify nursing mothers who require assistance in order to protect the health of both mother and child. Keywords; postpartum depression, maternal wellbeing, prevalence, nursing mothers Word count 286
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Towards Cervical Cancer Screening Among Female Students in Lead City University, Oyo State, Ibadan.
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Elizabeth Abiodun AYOBAMI-FADELE
One of the 15 high-risk HPV kinds, which is linked to one of the more prevalent and recurrent infections of the lower genital tract, is referred to as the "major" cause of cervical cancer with an expected 311,000 fatalities and 570,000 new cases in 2018.It has been found that female students in low-income nations have a limited understanding of the disease and screening and that the knowledge among Nigerian university students was much worse. Sixth-generation health belief model (HBM) theory was applied. It is a conceptual framework that has been applied in numerous research on health behavior for the early diagnosis and prevention of disease26 the study design was cross-sectional. A self-administered questionnaire and a purposeful sampling method was used. The study included 230 female students between the ages of 16 and no older than 40. After the surveys were coded and entered, the data was input and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. The knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer screening were each described using a descriptive statistic, such as frequency or proportion. The study established a good knowledge towards cervical cancer screening (77%) while some show a fair knowledge of it (23%). The study reveals that the majority of female students have a good attitude toward cervical cancer screening (74%) while a minority have a poor attitude toward cervical cancer screening (26%).Furthermore, part of female students has undergone cervical cancer screening with a fair utilization recorded (68%) while some minorities are yet to have it done with a poor utilization been documented (32%).Moreso, there was a significant association with age, marital status, ethnicity, tertiary level of education, and exposure to sex for cervical cancer screening. There needs to be ongoing sensitization of the students to the disease. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Utilization, Significant association. Word Count = 290
Assessment of Immunization Status and Factors Responsible for Incomplete Immunization among (9-12 Months) Attending Primary Health Care Centre in Ibadan Metropolis Oyo State
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Taofeek Adekola Basiru
Immunization is aimed at preventing most of infectious diseases. However, the coverage of immunization has been impacted by different factors in different countries. Although there are several health campaigns progressing toward improved immunization coverage, this study seek to determine the immunization status and factors responsible for incomplete immunization among Children- (9-12 months) attending Primary Health care Centre (PHC) in Ibadan North and South East Local Government Area, within Ibadan metropolis Oyo State. The descriptive cross-sectional study research design was adopted for this study. Health belief model theory was used, The study utilized multistage sampling techniques to select a total of 422 respondents from all the selected PHCs in the two sampled local government areas. Findings show that full immunization coverage for all five childhood vaccines in Ibadan North and Ibadan Southeast is low (69.5%) compared with the WHO recommended standard of 80%. Overall result shows that the full immunization coverage from the study sites for children 12 months of age is 69.7% and 69.5 for children within 9 – 11 months. The findings of study shows that percentage of immunization coverage descreases as child age increases Mothers/caregivers’ knowledge of vaccination, perception about vaccination and other socio-demographic characteristics such as level of education, occupation, and income are all statistically significantly associated with full immunization in children. as Mothers/caregivers who have good knowledge on vaccination had significantly higher proportion of their children who received all 5 vaccines. Also, mothers/caregivers with poor perception of child vaccination have lower proportion of their children receiving all 5 vaccines Keywords: immunization status, infectious disease, immunization coverage, incomplete immunization, full immunization. Word count: 250 words
Knowledge, Attitude, and Health-Seeking Behavior towards Depression among Undergraduate Students of Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
(Lead City University, 2022-12) Damilola Joy LAWAL
Depression among University students is an emerging mental health condition with majority failing to seek professional help, this study therefore aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude, and health-seeking behavior, of Lead City University students towards depression. A cross sectional descriptive survey was used to enroll 320 undergraduate students through multistage sampling. The study population was Lead city university undergraduate students. Knowledge of depression was assessed using the depression literacy scale (maximum score = 22 points), attitude towards depression was assessed using the depression stigma scale consisting of nine questions (maximum score = 36 points), while respondents’ health seeking behavior was determined using “The attitude towards seeking professional psychological help scale” (maximum score = 10 points). The cut-off for each of the tools was set at 50%. To determine the factors associated with the knowledge, attitude and health-seeking behavior towards depression, Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression analyses were done. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of the 320 Undergraduate students was 19.36 ± 2.90 years, 177 (55.3%) were females, 185 (57.8%) were aged 15-19 years, and 163 (50.9%) belonged to the upper academic level (300-400 level). Overall, 175 (54.7%) had good knowledge of depression, 161 (50.3%) had good health seeking behavior towards depression and 74 (23.1%) had positive attitude towards depression. More than one-half of the proportion of respondents demonstrated good knowledge and good health-seeking behavior towards depression, while less than one-third depicted positive attitude towards depression. Negative attitudes towards depression may be associated with stigmatization of depressed persons and depression may therefore continue to plague the mental health of Undergraduate students at LCU. The management of LCU could improve depression-focused care by identifying students with counseling needs and referring them to professional counselors and psychologists in the university. Key Words: Attitude, Health Behavior, Depression, Knowledge, Mental Health, Undergraduates. Word Count: 294

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