Department of Public Health

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Department of Public Health

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Browsing Department of Public Health by Subject "Adolescents"

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    Assessment of Gender Based Violence in Ibadan, Oyo State, Southwest Nigeria
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Taiwo Iyabode OLARINDE
    Gender-based violence (GBV) is any harmful intimate relationship behaviour, directed at an individual based on their gender, that includes physical aggression, sexual assault, controlling behaviours, and psychological exploitation. Predominant among women and adolescents, males, particularly adult men and younger boys, also experience GBV, but societal norms of manliness frequently obscure their pain. There is paucity of research in the region that assessed the prevalence of GBV among men; greater dearth that further delineated between pregnant and non-pregnant women and between in-school and out-of-school adolescents. As such, the magnitude and patterns of Gender-based Violence most especially among men, adolescents and pregnant women in the State remains debatable. This study sought to assess the pattern, prevalence and determinants of GBV among men, women and adolescents in Ibadan. The study further assessed the healthcare workers’ knowledge and attitude about GBV and identified the category of services offered to GBV survivors in health facilities within the State. This descriptive, cross-sectional study had structured questionnaires hosted on Kobo. SPSS 29 was deployed for data analysis. Inferential statistics examined data categories' relationships. Logistic regression determined independent predictors of GBV, at a p-value of 0.05. The research covered all 11 Ibadan LGAs. A total of 11,332 respondents comprising 2,951 adult men, 1,622 pregnant women, 1,911 non-pregnant women, 3,562 adolescents, and 1,286 healthcare providers were sampled. GBV prevalence was determined at 23.8% among female respondents The study revealed sociodemographic variables such as age, employment status, education level number of children and years of marriage as key determinants among women (p<0.001). Younger women (20-29 years) were at double risk of GBV when compared with other age groups (OR= 2.15, p<0.001). Women without children (38%) or with1-2 children (50.5%) were less likely to experience GBV when compared with women with 6-9 children (55%). Up to 11% of the pregnant women reported being currently physically abused by their partners, with 6% reporting sexual assaults. Pregnant women (30-39 years) were atleast seven times more likely to experience GBV than other age groups (OR= 7.476, p=0.026) More than half, (53.8%) of the surveyed adolescents experienced varying degrees of physical abuse from their partners, with younger adolescents (ages 10-14) at double risk of abuse compared to older adolescents (ages 15- 19)( OR=2.43). The prevalence of GBV was 15.36% among out-of-school and 3.06% among in-school adolescents respectively. Among the in-school and out-of-school adolescents, sociodemographic variables like residence (rural or urban), and gender, do not significantly predict GBV risk; however, younger age, education status and unemployment status are key GBV predictors among the adolescents. GBV prevalence among men was found to be 13.7%. The research findings indicate notable deficiencies in the knowledge of healthcare providers regarding GBV, as well as insufficient long-term support for survivors. GBV persists in Ibadan with age, professional level, education, alcohol and drug use identified as strong predictors. Interventions for GBV survivors should be designed with a focus on individual- specific, client-centred approaches. Long-term support and empowerment strategies should be integrated into school and health facilities curricula for survivors of gender-based violence. Keywords: Gender-based Violence, Nigeria, Men, Women, Adolescents, Healthcare providers Word Count:500
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    Knowledge and Practice of Tuberculosis Preventive Measures among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with Tuberculosis in Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria.
    (Lead City University, 2023-12) Christianah Temilola OLAWOYIN
    The prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) is still high in Nigeria, especially young adults. Yet, the outcome of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults are not often favourable, which is as a result of the limited knowledge and practice of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults. The knowledge about TB infection prevention is a pivotal factor in the development of action plans to prevent and manage pulmonary tuberculosis disease among adolescents and young adults. This study, therefore assessed the knowledge and practice of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults living with TB in Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design method was used. All the adolescents and young adults diagnosed with new sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in the six facilities in Ifako-Ijaiye LGA offering directory observed treatment short-course (DOTs) were recruited for this study. Frequency, percentage, chi-square and logistic regression were used to achieve the objectives. More than half (54.3%) of the respondents were aged ≥ 20years. About 49.7% had tertiary education. Of the 151 respondents, 40.4% have someone in their household who had contacted TB. About 97% respondents had good knowledge about TB preventive measures; while 67.5% had good practices on TB preventive measures. Respondents aged < 20 years [AOR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.02-4.75] and good knowledge [AOR = 4.9, 95% CI 1.03-25.67] have significant association with the practice of TB preventive measures. There was good knowledge of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults living with TB, but the practice was an average. Young people should be encouraged to make informed choices regarding TB preventive measures. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Adolescents, Young Adults, Living with Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Preventive Measures Word Count: 267