Dept of Economics

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Browsing Dept of Economics by Subject "Agricultural Output"

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    Employment and Agricultural Performance in Nigeria
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Onuh Markson ONDAH
    Employment in the agricultural sector holds immense significance for Nigeria, as the agricultural sector is a vital component of the country's economy. This study examined the effect of employment on agricultural sector performance in Nigeria, while unbundling agricultural performance into agricultural output and agricultural exports. The study also analysed the response of agricultural output and exports to employment shocks in Nigeria. The study employed secondary data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria and World Development Indicators spanning from 1991 to 2022. The ARDL and VAR Impulse Response and Variance Decomposition analyses were utilized in estimating the objectives of the study. Results show that employment has a positive and statistically significant effect on agricultural output in both the short and long run. Conversely, employment has a negative and significant relationship with agricultural exports in both the short and long run. For the response of agricultural output and exports to shocks in employment, variance decomposition analysis revealed that employment's contribution to the variance in agricultural output increases gradually over time, indicating that labor has a growing, albeit moderate, impact on agricultural output growth. Similarly, the impulse response analysis showed that an increase in employment has a positive but short-lived impact on agricultural output. Variance decomposition also reported that agricultural exports in Nigeria is largely self-driven, as indicated by the high proportion of variance explained by its own shocks, with a very marginal contribution by employment shocks. The study recommends that policymakers focus on creating more employment opportunities in the agricultural sector. This involves investing in agricultural training programs, providing incentives for agricultural entrepreneurship, and improving access to agricultural inputs and technologies. Keywords: Agricultural Output, Agricultural Exports, Economic Growth, Employment, Shocks Word count: 279
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    Population Growth and Food Production in Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2023-12) Ifetolase Dorcas OJENIYI
    This study explored the interrelationships between population growth and food production in Nigeria. The objectives were to analyze the asymmetric causal relationship between population growth and food production, examine the asymmetric effect of population growth on food production and access the response of food production to shocks in population growth in Nigeria. These were estimated using secondary time series data from 1981 to 2021 which was subjected to statistical estimations. The study adopted the asymmetry causality test based on Toda Yamamoto method, nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) and impulse response function and variance decomposition. The findings reveal that population growth and food production in Nigeria exhibit a significant bi-directional causal relationship. Positive and negative population growth both revealed a one-way causality on food production. The labor force participation rate is also positively correlated with agricultural output, indicating that a larger labor force engaged in agriculture leads to higher productivity. The short-run asymmetric estimates demonstrate that positive population growth has a negative impact on agricultural output, while lagged positive and negative population growth have positive effects. In the long run, deposit money bank credit to agriculture and government expenditure as a percentage of GDP show marginally significant effects on food production. Shocks in population growth, labor force participation rate, government expenditure, deposit money bank credit to agriculture, inflation rate, and exchange rate have varying effects on food production in Nigeria. The study concludes that population growth has a significant impact on food production, both positively and negatively, emphasizing the need for sustainable population management strategies. The labor force participation rate and other macroeconomic indicators also play crucial roles in influencing food production. It was recommended that policymakers should implement strategies that promote agricultural output and maintain stable population growth. Keywords: Population Growth, Food Production, Agricultural Output, Labour Force Participation. Word Count: 287