Factors Influencing Prevention Practices of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS among Womenof Reproductive Age in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Date
2025-12
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Lead City University Ibadan
Abstract
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV/AIDS remains a critical public health challenge in Nigeria. Despite global efforts to eliminate MTCT, gaps persist in the uptake of prevention practice. This study investigates the factors influencing prevention practices among women of reproductive age (19-45 years) in Ilorin West and Ilorin South Local Government Areas (LGAs). The study was anchored by Precede-Proceed Model. A cross-sectional design was employed for the study, selecting 341 women through a multistage sampling technique from antenatal clinics in Ilorin South and West LGAs. Paper form questionnaire was used for data collection which assessed knowledge, attitude, perception, prevention practices, and influencing
factors. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to examine associations between variables and prevention practices, using SPSS v25. The findings of this study revealed that 61.6% of women of reproductive age in Ilorin demonstrate high knowledge of prevention practices for mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS. It also, showed that 65.2% of the respondents have positive attitude towards prevention practices of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS among women of reproductive age in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Similarly, this study discovered that 67.9% of the respondents indicated a positive perception of prevention practices of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, this study showed that the level of engagement in mother-child transmission of HIV/AIDS preventive practices is at 60.4%. The study also revealed that all the factors, such as partner’s involvement, stigmatisation, and cultural beliefs, to some extent affects mother-to-child HIV/AIDS prevention practices. Education level was significantly associated with knowledge of MTCT prevention (χ²= 13.999; df=3; p < 0.05), but religious affiliation and marital status had no significant association with attitudes or practices. Religion was significantly associated with stigmatisation (χ² = 11.942; df = 3; p < 0.05) but not with partner involvement or cultural beliefs. This study concluded that while awareness of MTCT prevention is high, practice gaps persist, driven by education disparities, stigma, and male partner engagement. Therefore, this study recommended that targeted interventions should prioritize male-inclusive PMTCT programs, stigma reduction initiatives in religious communities, and tailored education for low-literacy women.
Keywords: Factors, HIV/AIDS, MTCT, Pregnant women, Prevention Practices, Women of reproductive age
Word Count: 273
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Keywords
Factors, HIV/AIDS, MTCT, Pregnant women, Prevention Practices, Women of reproductive age
Citation
Kate Turabian