Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pressure Ulcers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
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2022-12
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M.PH
Abstract
Pressure ulcers (PU), also known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores, are skin injuries caused on by prolonged, continuous pressure, shear, friction, or a combination of these on a specific area of skin. Pressure ulcers poses risk to a people’s health and well-being as it is one of the top five most common causes of patient harm in the hospital and in the community. Its global impact affects millions of people as a result of its degree and severity of injury to the skin, underlying tissue and muscles The objectives of the study are to systematically assess the prevalence and risk factors of pressure ulcers in Sub-Saharan Africa.The study eligibility criteria include studies with prevalence and risk factors data of pressure ulcers from Sub-Saharan Africa since the year January 1990 to August 2022. The participants considered in the study are people of any age, including children, in any setting, specifically including hospital patients from any clinical area but not restricted to hospital settings. PRISMA guideline for systematic reviews in which PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, CINHAL, Google Scholar were searched for studies reporting prevalence and risk factors data. From the result, eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The total prevalence in the eight studies was 328. The most common pressure ulcer site in the studies was the sacral region with 171 cases. Prevalence of pressure ulcers in Sub-Saharan Africa has been said to be high among hospitalized patients in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study recommended that further prospective studies on the prevalence and risk factors of pressure ulcers are needed in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Keywords: Prevalence of Pressure ulcer, risk factors of pressure ulcer, Sub-Saharan Africa
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Kate Turabian