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Item Innovative Approach to Solid Waste Management in Lead City University, Ibadan: Adaptive Landfill Technology(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) John Adedayo OLANREWAJUSolid waste management (SWM) is one of the most challenging issues faced by institutions that suffer from serious pollution problems caused by the generation of large waste quantities as a results of student’s explosion. Reliable national data on waste generation and composition that will inform effective planning on waste management in Lead City University, Ibadan is absent. To help obtain this data on an institutional basis, selected source of waste generations in the university were recruited to obtain data on rate of waste generation, quantification, sorting and separation efficiency and per capita of waste. Therefore, the study's title, "Innovative approach to solid waste management in Lead City University, Ibadan: Adaptive Sanitary Landfill Technology," focused on the management of solid waste in the University. A pilot source sorting and separation was conducted at the selected twenty-seven (27) hostels being the sources of waste generation in the Lead City University, Ibadan from November 2022 to April, 2023 for collection of data on composition, generation rate and compliance level of separation of the waste. Also, experimental methods were utilized to measure the amount of Liquefied Gases (LFG) concentrations generated using the handheld Sewerin Multitec 540. Results shown that majority of the lecturers (19.79%) agreed that Open dump system practices in Lead City University, Ibadan have positive environmental impacts while majority of the students (31.25%) agreed that the best way to tackle waste problem is sorting from generation before collection and disposal. Total numbers of students living in Lead City University hostel (LCU) were 3,892 out of 13,647, of which 9,755 stayed off campus. The overall student population of Lead City University at the time of this project work is 13,647. Independence Champion and Wisdom Hall with total number of students of 548 have the highest number of waste generation per week of 677.50kg while Maintenance Hall with total number of students of 27 have the least number of waste generation per week of 68.30kg. Also, out of the five components of waste, food ruminants have highest waste generation of 1,967.70kg in all the twenty-seven (27) halls of residences in the university and Papers have the least waste generation of 961.00kg in all the twenty-seven (27) halls of residence in the university. The research also revealed that certain amount of Liquefied Gases (LFG) concentrations were measured in the morning and afternoon, addition of activated charcoal made the amount of methane (CH4) gases (LFG) increased by removing impurities such as Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and finally, the amount of liquefied gases (LFG) generated after the addition of animal manures was higher compared to when not added. Correction results shown that the interactions are statistically significant. Conclusively, the research project aims to strengthen the inclusive waste management structural model and serve as a planning tool for establishing a cohesive, financially secure, environmental friendly, and socially inclusive university environment through sustainable waste management by constructing an indigenous adaptive sanitary landfill at LCU, Ibadan. Keywords: Solid waste management (SWM), Adaptive Sanitary Landfill and University WordCount: 499Item Assessment of Waste Management Practices in Ibadan South East Local Government, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Adenike Oluwaseun OBISESANWaste management is the collection, transport, processing and monitoring of waste materials. The management of wastes is aimed at reducing the harmful health and environmental impacts of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes through different techniques. However, the challenge of waste disposal has become one of the most serious environmental problems facing many cities in Nigeria. Many urban areas of Nigeria lack effective waste management systems, which have resorted to the haphazard dumping, burning or burying of solid wastes. The study aims to assess waste management practices in Ibadan South-East Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo State. A cross-sectional study was conducted where two-stage cluster sampling was used to select the eligible respondents for this research. At stage one, a simple random sampling was used to select 3 wards out of the 12wards in the local government; and a cluster sampling will be used to select the respondents from the selected wards proportionately. Data collection was performed using an adapted questionnaire, and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Windows version 25 was used for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The mean age of the respondents was 33.48 ± 11.593years.The study showed that food waste is the most dominant type, with 88.8% of respondents indicating its prevalence. The study revealed significant associations between the age and collection the waste in the house of the respondents with a P- value of 0.004, and collection of waste in the house and other socio demographics characteristics which include educational status and occupational status with the P- value 0f 0.009 and 0.027 respectively. The study underscores the critical need for improved solid waste management in Ibadan Southeast LGA. Despite residents' awareness of the importance of sustainable waste practices and the potential for waste transformation into wealth, the existing waste management system is significantly lacking. Keyword: Waste management, Waste materials, Sustainable waste practices Word Count: 300Item Nutritional Bio-Active Compounds in Annona Muricata (Soursop) and its Potential Role in Promoting Health and Preventing Disease (Cancer)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Margaret M. MosimabaleNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among various therapeutic targets, the Human Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) enzyme plays a crucial role in the development of certain cancers. This study investigates the nutritional bioactive compounds in Annona Muricata (soursop) and their potential in promoting health and preventing cancer. This study was carried out to comprehensively investigate the fruit (flesh), seeds, and skin of Annona muricata by analyzing their proximate composition, characterizing and screening the methanolic extracts of the seed and flesh using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and assessing the antioxidant properties of the extracts through assays including DPPH scavenging, Nitric Oxide (NO) assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay. Additionally, computational study (in silico) was conducted to assess the inhibitory properties of bioactive compounds in the methanolic extracts against the Human ALK enzyme. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, phenols, reducing sugars, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, and flavonoids in the seed, flesh, and bark of Annona Muricata. Antioxidant assays demonstrated significant total antioxidant capacities, with the bark showing the highest capacity (41.10 mg/100g), followed by the flesh (36.53 mg/100g) and the seed (35.30 mg/100g). The GC-MS analysis identified 134 compounds in the methanolic extracts, and molecular docking studies revealed that several of these compounds exhibit strong binding affinities with the ALK receptor. Notably, Tricyclo[20.8.0.0(7,16)]triacontane, 1(22),7(16)-diepoxy (TTD) exhibited the highest binding affinity at -8.3 kcal/mol, outperforming the standard reference drug Ceritinib (-7.2 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that Annona Muricata contains potent bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant properties and potential inhibitory effects on cancer-related enzymes, highlighting its potential as a functional food in cancer prevention and health promotion. Keywords: Annona Muricata, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), bio-active compounds, antioxidant, phytochemicals, functional food, soursop, cancer. Word Count: 282Item Prevalence, Geospatial Distribution and Factors Associated with Urinary Schistosomiasis in Otamokun, Ogo-Oluwa Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Taiwo Mofadeke JAIYEOLASchistosomiasis is the second most devastating parasitic infection causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nigeria is the world's most endemic country for Urinary Schistosomiasis (USCH) with up to 20 million people requiring treatment yearly partly due to inadequate social amenities including Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) facilities. Although Schistosomiasis is targeted for elimination in Nigeria by the World Health Organization in 2030, the current level of USCH endemicity in Otamokun, Ogo-Oluwa Local Government Area (OOLGA), one of the endemic communities in Oyo State is unknown. This study therefore sought to determine the prevalence of USCH and the phylogeny of the S. haematobium species in the community as well as the spatial distribution of USCH and factors associated with USCH in Otamokun, OOLGA, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study using systematic sampling with a total population of 321 children-adult-paired individuals was carried out. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was designed to collect data including Socio-demographic Characteristics, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene practices and water contact activities of the school-age children (SAC). All questions were scripted on the Kobo Collect app and used for the data collection. Urine samples of SAC aged 5-17 years were collected and assayed for S. haematobium. The phylogeny of the positive SH samples was determined using the Neighbor-Joining method. The geospatial coordinates of the households were captured on kobo collect and an open-source GIS software (QGIS 3) was used to generate a map to show the distribution of USCH in the study area. A Checklist was used to assess the household characteristics and hand-washing practices of the respondents. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out using SPSS at 5% level of significance. The mean age of SAC and adults respondents were 9.98 ±2.99 and 32.20 ±14.97 years respectively. Less than half (46.4%) of the children and the majority of the adults (69.8%) were females. About 62.8% of respondents obtained water from improved sources and 76.3% used unimproved sanitation. The prevalence of USCH among the SAC was 4.03% (12 out of 298) with more males (2.3%) affected. S. haematobium DNA was found in 6 of the 12 urine samples positive for S. haematobium after urine microscopy. Three out of the 6 S. haematobium isolates were related to hybrid species of S. haematobium and S. bovis in the gene bank. The distance of respondents’ houses to the river was not significantly associated with USCH. Predictors of USCH were: age within 13-16 years (OR: 7.42, 95CI: 1.54-35.80, P = 0.011), male gender (aOR: 7.42, 95CI:1.54-35.8, P= 0.013), bathing/swimming (aOR: 9.86, 95CI: 1.12-86.5, P=0.039), and unavailability of soap for hand washing in the household (aOR: 3.25, 95CI: 1.88-12.05, P = 0.042). Schistosomiasis is prevalent among SAC in Otamokun, OOLGA and factors associated with USCH were age, swimming/bathing, playing in rivers, and unavailability of soap for hand washing in the household. There is therefore an urgent need for strong advocacy and commitment to the integrated control approach especially the provision of improved sanitation facilities for the community. Keywords: Urinary Schistosomiasis, S. haematobium, Swimming, School-age children Word Count: 493Item Exploring the Impact of Social Support on the Mental Health of Individuals Living with HIV in Nigeria: A Systematic Review(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Tunmise Daramola, KOLAWOLEPLWHA are known to be socially isolated and also face discrimination as a result of their illness. Poor social support can lead to depression and is known to worsen depression and other physical illnesses in PLWHA. This systematic review investigates the intricate relationship between social support, HIV/AIDS, and mental health outcomes among individuals affected by HIV. The study synthesizes findings from diverse research sources to underscore the pivotal role of social support structures in shaping mental health resilience among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). It highlights the mediating influence of HIV-related stigma on mental health challenges, emphasizing how stigma intensifies social isolation and discrimination, exacerbating mental health issues. The review also emphasizes the intersectionality of vulnerabilities, elucidating how the convergence of mental illness, HIV/AIDS status, and socio- economic factors compounds the mental health burden faced by PLWHA. The study's recommendations propose targeted interventions, integrated healthcare approaches, and de- stigmatization efforts as crucial avenues to mitigate mental health disparities among this population. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding social support, HIV/AIDS, and mental health, providing valuable guidance for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers. Keywords: Social Support, HIV/AIDS, Mental Health, Stigma, Nigeria Word Count: 185 wordsItem Assessment of Waste Management Practices in Ibadan South East Local Government, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Adenike Oluwaseun OBISESANThe study is examines theAssessment of Waste Management Practices in Ibadan South East Local Government Area, Ibadan Oyo State. Waste dumping spaces are sometimes being chosen without care. These spaces are neither provided by the local authority nor community administration. This has resulted in the littering, indiscriminate dumping and overflowing of skips, bins/dumpsters with waste in every nook and cranny of big cities and all-round the country in general.A cross-sectional study design was used to carry out the research and a two-stage cluster sampling is used to select respondents for this research which a total 365 administered questionnaires were distributed randomly in Ibadan south east local government, and data analysis was done by means of statistical package for social sciences. The result revealed that the socio-economic characteristics of the households in the study area have influence on waste collection and disposal interms of their age, educational levels and occupation status etc. The mean age of the respondents is is 33.30 +11.951 years. The major types of waste generated from the locality are food residues 29% and paper waste 17%. Whereas 60.1% of the respondent uses the waste management for collection of waste,26% of the respondents practices poor waste management which include burning, dropping in drainage channels , open dumping e.t.c Age, Educational status and occupational status of respondent have significantly influenced their practices on disposal/ collection the waste in the house (p < 0.05).Conclusively, Proper waste management is essential for sustainable and healthy living conditions, residents of Ibadan south east needs health education, regular provision of waste collection points. To solve these problems, the study recommended that the waste management department be well resourced to carry out its functions. The study also suggested that residents be made to bear some of the cost of waste disposal. Keywords: Practices, Ibadan southeast, Waste management, Challenges. Word Count – 300Item Association Between Screen Time, and Depression Among Undergraduate Students in Lead City University Ibadan(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Karunwi Oluwafifunmi EvelynThe research investigation focused on exploring the "Relationship Between Screen Time and Depression Among Undergraduate Students at Lead City University, Ibadan." The study utilized a meticulously designed, validated, and reliable questionnaire to gather data from 420 participants. The distribution of questionnaires employed a cluster sampling approach. The research adopted a cross-sectional methodology, and data analysis was conducted using the statistical package for social sciences. When assessing the prevalence of depression among undergraduate students at Lead City University, the findings revealed that 45% of the respondents exhibited mild depressive symptoms, 41% experienced moderate depressive symptoms, while 4% reported severe depressive symptoms. Only 10% of the participants showed no signs of depressive symptoms. Moreover, the study disclosed that 85.5% of the participants spent less than 4 hours using screen devices for relaxation or leisure on weekdays, whereas only 14.2% exceeded the 4-hour threshold. Importantly, the research did not identify any significant association between screen time and depression among the students. In conclusion, to proactively address the potential escalation of depressive symptoms among undergraduate students, it is advisable to incorporate a screen time threshold and encourage the adoption of other healthy lifestyle habits into their daily routines. Additionally, there is a pressing need to enhance awareness regarding the prevention and management of depression among students, especially considering the presence of severe depressive symptoms among some undergraduate students. Keywords: Screen time, Depression, Symptom, Cluster Sampling Method, Cross-sectional Technique Word Count – 235Item Awareness and Attitude towards Contraceptive Use among Women of Reproductive Age in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Esther Olufunke, BANKOLEGlobally, maternal mortality is a significant problem, its estimated that 295,000 women worldwide pass away each year due to conditions associated to pregnancy, it is crucial to promote family planning and ensure that women, girls, and couples have access to chosen contraceptive methods. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraceptive use among females of reproductive age (15-49 years) accessing care in selected health facilities of Odeda LGA, Ogun State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was used with sample size of 393 women of reproductive age assessing care in the selected health facilities of Odeda LGA, Ogun State. The inclusion criteria were female of reproductive age between 15 – 49 years. A questionnaire was used to collect data and the data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) windows version 22 and statistical significance was set at p <0.05.About 74.9% (293) have good knowledge of contraceptive, 61.6% (241) have positive attitude and 36.3% (142) of the participants use contraceptive. Hearing about family planning, Previous problem after using contraceptive and knowledge about contraceptive use all show significant association with contraceptive use with p value < 0.05. 25.4% of the participants recommended male condom, 12.1% recommended female condom, 15.8% recommended pills, 10.5% recommended injectables, 6.4% recommended IUCD, 12.7% recommended Implants, 1.3% recommended female sterilization. Based on findings, it was confirmed that the level of knowledge and attitude of women of reproductive age in the selected health facilities of Odeda LGA, Ogun State, Nigeria towards Contraceptive use was high but positive attitude which does not correspond with the use which is low, to this effect, there is more need for healthcare givers at the facilities to put more work into educating women on the safeness and benefits of contraceptive. Key Words: Contraceptive, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Women of Reproductive Age Word Count:290Item Assessment of the Knowledge and Awareness of Hepatitis B Virus among Nigeria Navy Personnel: A Case Study of Nigerian Navy Barracks, Ojo, Lagos(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Tinuola Sarah, AJAIHepatitis B virus (HBV) are blood borne viral diseases, however knowledge about modes of transmission and preventive aspects can help in reducing the risk of getting liver diseases and mainly transmitted through transfusion of contaminated blood and blood products. Many studies about the knowledge and awareness HBV infection have been reported in many professional groups, but few surveys are available among the military professionals. This study assesses the knowledge and awareness of Hepatitis B virus among Naval personnel at the Nigerian Navy barracks, Ojo. Lagos. A cross sectional study was conducted among Naval personnel at the Nigerian Navy barracks, Ojo, Lagos. Information about socio demographic characteristics, basic knowledge about hepatitis B viruses, its modes of transmission, prevention, symptoms and signs and also complications, Hepatitis B vaccination were also assessed from all these police trainees. The data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25. A total of 183 Naval personnel at the Nigerian Navy barracks, Ojo were surveyed, 83.4% has a good knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus, 75.1% has good knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus Mode of Transmission, 77.0% has good knowledge about the prevention of hepatitis B virus, 84.5% has a good knowledge of the risk factor for Hepatitis B Virus, 66.3% has good knowledge about the Symptoms of Hepatitis B Virus, 91.2% has a good knowledge of the availability of Vaccine while almost 70% of them has poor awareness of Hepatitis B Virus. In conclusion, although, the naval personnel had more knowledge of causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and prevention of the disease. The level of Hepatitis B vaccination among the naval personnel is extremely low. Hence, efficient health programme managing departments must take the responsibility for HBV education, transmission, testing, vaccination accessibility and availability. Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Naval personnel, Knowledge, Risk factors Word Count: 297Item Determinants of Choice and Utilization of Contraceptive Methods Among Women Attending Infant Welfare Clinics in Ona Ara Local Government, Ibadan, Oyo State(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Olajumoke Abikeola AKANBIThe availability and use of effective contraceptive methods are essential for promoting family planning, reducing unintended pregnancies, and enhancing maternal and infant health outcomes. Despite efforts to increase contraceptive use, there are still substantial gaps in our understanding of the factors that influence women's contraceptive choices and utilization. This study sought to investigate the factors influencing the selection and use of contraceptive methods among women attending the infant welfare clinic in Ona Ara local government, Ibadan, Oyo state. The sample size for this facility-based cross-sectional study was 329 lactating mothers, randomly selected using 10 primary health care facilities offering infant welfare clinic. Convenience sampling method was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20, descriptive statistics was used. According to this study's findings, 81% of respondents are knowledgeable. 97.5 % of respondents learned about family planning from their male partners, 97.5% from the hospital, 3.7% from family, 6.2 % from friends and neighbors, 1.2% from a Pastor, 16.0% from a health care provider, and 6.5% from the media. Based on the findings, 51.1% of respondents are currently using family planning. 66.1% have used it for less than five years. 8.3 % are using oral pills, 16.7% are using condoms, 49.4% are using injectables, 17.9 % are using implants, and 7.8% use other methods such as emergency pills, withdrawal, calendar method, etc. From the result it can be seen that 92.3% of respondents are satisfied with their method, 37.0% decide on contraceptive use, 54.4% decide on child spacing with their spouse, 54.4% decide on their own, and 75.4% have time for a follow-up visit. Despite good knowledge, utilization was low 31%. The government and non-governmental organizations should collaborate to develop family planning programs that are accessible to the public. Key words: Contraceptive, Determinants, Utilization Word Count: 298Item PERCEPTION AND PRACTICE OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG STUDENTS IN OGUN STATE COLLEGE OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY, ILESE(Lead City University, 2023-12) ABIDEMI ABOSEDE SONUGAThe school is a place of learning that has the capacity to mold an individual positively but the negative influence of the school is imminent in the presence of issues such as drug abuse. Drug abuse among students have led to crime or problems with staying in school. Substance abuse has been found to be a leading cause of morbidity during adolescence as well as later in life. This study considered perception and practice of substance abuse among students in Ogun state college of health technology IleseOgun state. The study employed a descriptive survey research design method, and a three stage sampling procedure was used to select 292 students as study respondents. Four research questions were raised and the hypotheses were tested. Results revealed that 73.5% of students in this study have good knowledge of substance abuse. For the practice of students about substance abuse:87.3% indicated they have never smoked in their life time while 66.8% indicated they have never had any alcoholic beverage in their life time. Overall, there is a 24.4% practice level among the respondents. On the perception of substance abuse among students, there is a low 20.8% perception towards substance abusers/users by students, It was concluded that majority of the respondents have a high level of knowledge and a low practice level of substance use/abuse. It was recommended that a school based anti-drug programme should be organised in all schools (both public and private owned). There should be a post secondary school curriculum review to include teaching on drugs use and its consequences. There should be public awareness on drug use and its consequences using mass media to reach the general population as a whole in order to positively modify perception of students and the entire populace. Keywords: Knowledge, Perception, Practice, Drug Abuse. wordCount: 293Item Knowledge, Attitude and Adherence to Routine Childhood Immunization among Mothers in Agwara Local government area, Niger State Nigeria22(Lead City University, 2023-12) USMAN SHEHU SALIHUImmunization remains a veritable child survival strategy in curtailing the unwholesome indices with worse/lowest indices in the northern and rural part of Nigeria. Thus, this study evaluated the Knowledge, Attitude and Adherence to Routine Childhood Immunization among Mothers in Agwara Local Government area, Niger State in Northern Nigeria. The descriptive cross-sectional study design enrolled 354 mothers from all communities within Agwara Local Government area of Niger State using milti stage cluster sampling method. World Health organization validated instrument on immunization coverage and survey was adopted. Data collected was analysis using descriptive (frequency and percentage count) and inferential statistics (Chi-square). Data management and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Science Version 25. The study found that the mean age of the mothers was 30.8 + 5.837 years and that of their partners was 38.62 + 7.97 years with average number of 2.52 + 1.30 children. The overall percentage of mothers with good knowledge and positive attitude towards routine childhood immunization were 65.3% and 52.2% respectively. The adherence level to routine vaccine were BCG 59.3%, Hep-47.4%, OPV-46.9%, PCV-41.0% Penta-40.0% and Measles-20.0%. The study showed that mothers do often forget their children immunization appointment and claimed that they need a reminder to meet up with their children immunization appointment. The study discovered that there was statistical significance associated between knowledge (Chi-square value 6.056, p-value 0.014) and attitude (Chi-square value 15.653, p- value<0.001), and adherence to routine childhood immunization. Other socio-demographical factor namely religion, education qualification, marital status, family type, occupation, age at first marriage, age at first birth, and partner’s age. Education and occupation had statistical significance association with adherence to routine immunization. The adherence level in Agwara Local Government Area is quite low when compared with proposed adherence level of 90% in National policy on immunization. And this could be attributed to low knowledge and negative attitude. Thus. it would be recommended that adequate immunization educational programme be provided for the mothers. In addition, national customized immunization reminder apps could be developed to alart the mothers of immunization schedules. Keyword: Routine childhood immunization, mothers, attitude, knowledge, adherence. Word Count: 300Item Risk Factors and Prevalence of Hypertension among Women Living With HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria(Lead City University, 2023-12) Abdulaziz Abubakar, RASHEEDHypertension, which is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality worldwide, appears to be expected in HIV-infected individuals, and the prevalence of the condition is on the rise. A total of 469 participants were recruited. This was a facility based cross sectional survey. The participants were required to give some information about them and also answer several questions which were used to estimate the prevalence and risks factors that are associated with hypertension. Blood pressure will also be measured during the interviews. Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 27. Data was sorted to avoid inconsistencies before analysis. Descriptive statistics including: frequencies and proportions were used to summarize the demographic characteristics of the respondents. Chi-square test was applied to assess association between socio-demographic characteristics and hypertensive status. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for hypertension. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs), with their respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI), were estimated for the factors included in the model. The level of statistical significance will be set at 5%. The key findings of this study of which the prevalence of hypertension among the study participants was 7%. Regression modeling showed that the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with hypertension were smoking (aOR = 0.000), fruit intake (aOR=0.007), salt intake (aOR=0.000) and moderate intense exercising (aOR=0.048). Keywords: Hypertension, HIV, Risk Factors, Prevalence of Hypertension, Women Living With HIV in Ibadan Word Count: 217Item Assessing the Effectiveness of the Interventions to Prevent Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in Adeoyo Maternity Center, Yemetu, Ibadan, Nigeria(Lead City University, 2023-12) Eniola Deborah OYEKUPrevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programs provide a range of services to women and children that can reduce the risk of vertical transmission of HIV. Hence, this study aimed to evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV in Adeoyo Maternity Centre, Yemetu, Ibadan, Oyo State. A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted, involving a sample size of 300 HIV positive pregnant mothers selected in which purposeful sampling was used for qualitative data to obtained reports through focus group discussion (FGD), and random sampling was used for quantitative data case to obtained survey reports of HIV positive pregnant women where participants are selected based on their experience of providing PMTCT of HIV. Data collection was performed using an adapted questionnaire, and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Windows version 25 was used for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.Majority (80%) of the participants engaged in PMTCT and 46.5% practice mixed feeding. The study revealed significant associations between the effectiveness of PMTCT and age (odd ratio [OR] = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.251-0.470, p = 0.02) and education (odd ratio [OR] = 1.23; 95% CI 0.111-0.456, p = 0.03), knowledge of PMTCT (OR = 2.23; 95% CI 0.223- 0.934, p = 0.00), previous antennal care age (odd ratio [OR] = 2.150; 95% CI 0.233-1.002, p = 0.02) counselling (OR = 1.43; 95% CI 0.123-1.120, p = 0.43), infant feeding choice at first PCR age (OR = 1.45; 95% CI 0.89-3.30, p = 0.04) and previous age at first PCR (odd ratio [OR] = 1.10; 95% CI 2.70-8.70, p = 3.56). Conclusion: Reduction of MTCT of HIV is possible with effective PMTCT interventions, including improved access to ARVs for PMTCT and appropriate infant feeding practices. Keywords: PMTCT, pregnant mothers, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Breastfeeding , Mother Child Transmission Word Count: 300Item Quality of Life and Psychological Health of Out-Of-School Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Urban Slums in Ibadan Metropolis, Southwest, Nigeria(Lead City University, 2023-12) Olubunmi Oluseun,ONIThe quality of life and psychological health of individuals are major indicators of a society's well-being. Out-of-school girls in these areas are particularly vulnerable, as they face significant barriers to accessing basic services and opportunities for personal and professional growth. The study aimed to assess and to understand the quality of life and psychological health of out-of- school adolescent girls and young women in urban slums in Ibadan metropolis, Southwest, Nigeria. The study involved 407 participants out of school adolescent girls and young women. The study found that the majority of the participants had a good quality of life, with only a small proportion belonging to the low QoL group. The study also identified significant associated variables impacting quality of life, which include educational status, father’s level of education, mother’s occupational status, and religion. The study also highlighted instances of sexual harassment, rape, and the use of illicit drugs among the participants. The overall psychological well-being shows that 91.4% of participants reported poor psychological well-being. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the quality of life and well-being of young adults in Nigeria, highlighting areas of strength and areas for improvement. The findings can inform policies and interventions aimed at improving the quality of life and well-being of young adults in Nigeria and other similar contexts. The study also contributes to the existing literature on the quality of life and well-being of young adults in Nigeria, providing a basis for future research in this area. Key Words: Quality of Life, Psychological health, Out of school, adolescents girls and young women, Word Count:322Item Self-Disclosure and Health Related Quality of Life of HIV Infected Individuals in Mosan Okunola LCDA, Alimosho of Lagos State(Lead City University, 2023-12) Bolanle Oluwaseun OLAYIWOLALiving with HIV can impact upon many of the factors that affect their quality of life; not only their physical health, but also their mental and social wellbeing. After all, HIV is not simply a virus that causes disease, but also a social and historical event that impacts how others react towards. Issues including personal safety and human rights as well as other aspects of the political and social infrastructure can radically affect their quality of life.The study aimed to examine the effects of HIV status disclosure on the quality of life of PLWHIV in Mosan Okunola LCDA, Alimosho of Lagos State. The study adopted a facility-based cross-sectional survey which recruited 318 HIV infected individuals in Mosan Okunola LCDA, Alimosho of Lagos State. For data collection, a quatitative method was adopted, a structured questionnaire was adapted to obtain relevant data from the participants an adopted WHOQOL-HIV BREF instrument which was to be used to examine the respondent’s overall perception of quality of life as well as the respondent’s overall perception of his or her health. The WHOQOL-HIV BREF instrument was used to evaluate respondents’ quality of life from six domains and 29 facets.Results revealed that the majority (82.6%) of the participants in this study had disclosed their HIV status with a significantly highest proportion of the participants who received a diagnosis in between one to five years disclosing their status. Generally, status disclosure was not significantly associated with QOL. However, the data suggest that support in the area of being employed and having a good relationship has a possible benefit to QOL. The study made a concerted effort to bring about a comprehensive understanding of Self-Disclosure and Health-Related Quality of Life of HIV Infected Individuals in Mosan Okunola LCDA, Alimosho of Lagos State. Policy guidelines that sought to improve the mental health and quality of life of PLWHA should be enforced. Keywords: HIV, QoL,Self Disclosure,LCDA Word Count: 311Item Knowledge and Practice of Tuberculosis Preventive Measures among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with Tuberculosis in Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria.(Lead City University, 2023-12) Christianah Temilola OLAWOYINThe prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) is still high in Nigeria, especially young adults. Yet, the outcome of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults are not often favourable, which is as a result of the limited knowledge and practice of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults. The knowledge about TB infection prevention is a pivotal factor in the development of action plans to prevent and manage pulmonary tuberculosis disease among adolescents and young adults. This study, therefore assessed the knowledge and practice of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults living with TB in Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design method was used. All the adolescents and young adults diagnosed with new sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in the six facilities in Ifako-Ijaiye LGA offering directory observed treatment short-course (DOTs) were recruited for this study. Frequency, percentage, chi-square and logistic regression were used to achieve the objectives. More than half (54.3%) of the respondents were aged ≥ 20years. About 49.7% had tertiary education. Of the 151 respondents, 40.4% have someone in their household who had contacted TB. About 97% respondents had good knowledge about TB preventive measures; while 67.5% had good practices on TB preventive measures. Respondents aged < 20 years [AOR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.02-4.75] and good knowledge [AOR = 4.9, 95% CI 1.03-25.67] have significant association with the practice of TB preventive measures. There was good knowledge of TB preventive measures among adolescents and young adults living with TB, but the practice was an average. Young people should be encouraged to make informed choices regarding TB preventive measures. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Adolescents, Young Adults, Living with Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Preventive Measures Word Count: 267Item Assessment of the Knowledge and Attitudes of Mothers towards Vaccination in Urban Slum, Lagos Mainland LGA, Lagos State(Lead City University, 2023-12) Olufunke Tosin, OLANREWAJU-OGUNBEKUNpreventable diseases in Nigeria. This can largely be attributed to the under-utilization of vaccines, as well as inadequate knowledge of mothers about the importance of vaccines to the child. It was observed that despite the high distribution of vaccine to Nigeria as a country, there is still an increase in the prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases in Nigeria. This among other reasons informed the decision of this study to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards child survival strategies in Urban slums, Lagos Mainland, Lagos state. Cross-sectional survey research design was adopted and data was gathered from 377 Nursing mothers in Makoko, Aderupoko, and Botanical areas in Lagos mainland. Data was gathered using a well-structured questionnaire on the objectives of the study. Following the socio-demographics of the mothers, more of them 31.6% indicated to be between 25 and 30 years old. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were adopted to analyse the research objectives. Findings revealed that more of the mothers 80% were found to have adequate/good knowledge of immunization and child survival strategies, while the other 20% have bad or inadequate knowledge of child immunization or child survival strategies. Also, more of the respondents 59.5% had an unfavorable attitudes towards child immunization and vaccination, while the other 40.5% had a favorable attitude towards child immunization. In addition, more of the respondents 52% indicated to have good practice of child immunization and vaccination, while the other 48% had good practice of child immunization and vaccination. Further, it was discovered that number of wives, age of the child, distance to health center, transportation means, knowledge and attitude towards immunization and child vaccination were found to have a significant influence on practice of child immunization. Based on the findings, it was concluded that number of wives, age of the child, distance to health centre, transportation means, knowledge and attitude towards immunization and child vaccination were found to have significant influence on practice of child immunization. It was therefore recommended that healthcare providers and social services providers should endeavor to push a narrative that encourages spouses to provide support to their wives right from pregnancy till delivery and taking care of the baby. Keywords: Child Survival Strategies, Vaccination, Knowledge, Practice, Attitude Wordcount: 365Item Knowledge, Intention and Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Privately Employed Nursing Mothers in Ibadan Metropolis(Lead City University, 2023-12) Adeola Iyanuoluwa OLAOYEThe low uptake of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has remained a major factor in high mortality and morbidity rate among under-5 children in Nigeria. Increased female participation in the labour sector has been linked to the sub-optimal rate of the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Understanding the knowledge and intention to practice exclusive breastfeeding is important in designing policies towards achieving sustainable developmental goals two and three. This study assessed the knowledge, intention and practice of excusive breastfeeding among employed mothers in private organization in Ibadan. A cross-sectional study was done among 250 working nursing mothers selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using adapted self-administered questionnaire. Frequency, proportion, chi-square and logistic regressions were used in achieving the objectives of this study, using SPSS ver. 21. A P-value≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Majority (42.8%) of the respondents were between the ages of 30-34 years while 26.4% were >34 years. Majority (74.5%) of the respondents had good knowledge of EBF. Almost 79% had EBF intention but only 51.2% practiced exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months. Women aged <30 years were 2.05 times less likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding compared to those aged >34 years (AOR= 0.61 95% CI 0.26-1.41). Factors such as short maternity leave, unfriendly work environment, lack of social support for the nursing mothers and lack of lactation of the nursing mother were found to be associated with actual practice of EBF in this study. Gap exists between intention to practice EBF and actual practice due to short maternity leave, unfriendly work environment and lack of partner support. Strategies to bridge this gap are urgently needed to promote mother-child health. Keywords: Knowledge, Intention, Practice, Breastfeeding, Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) Word Count: 269Item Trade Credit, Credit Policy and the Performance of Building Industry in Nigeria(Lead City University, 2023-12) Taofeek Abiodun OLADOKUNpractices, including sedentary behavior, unhealthy dietary patterns, and substance abuse, contribute to the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). CVD are largely preventable, yet it remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Understanding the current state of healthy lifestyles among residents of Eti-Osa East LCDA is crucial for formulating targeted interventions and policies to address the identified gaps and promote healthier behaviors. This study assessed the healthy lifestyles among residents of Eti Osa East LCDA, Lagos state. A cross-sectional study design was adopted and a two-stage convenient sampling technique was used to select 448 residents. An adapted questionnaire containing socio-demographic, healthy lifestyles such as eating habit and physical activities was used as instrument. Frequency, proportion and chi-square were used to achieve the objectives. The mean age of the respondent was 46.7± 18.3. Almost 40% of the respondents are married, 43.5% had tertiary education and 35.9 % were self-employed. About 55.8 % of the participants had healthy eating habit, 56.2% engaged in moderate physical activities, 20.4% were smokers and 31.4% consumed alcohol as at the time of the study. Overall, only 7.8% had good healthy living practices. Age, sex, educational level, marital status, employment status were associated with healthy living practices. Unhealthy healthy lifestyles was prevalent in this study. Healthy lifestyles such as healthy eating habit, adequate sleep, physical activities, non- smoking and no alcohol consumption need attention to prevent CVD and maintain good health. Keywords: Healthy Lifestyles, Physical activity, Eating habit, Smoking, Alcohol consumption Word Count: 253