Gender Perspectives to Violence, Bullying and Slavery on Employee Behaviour in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry in Lagos, Nigeria.
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Date
2023-12
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Lead City University, Ibadan
Abstract
The persistence and pervasiveness of workplace violence, bullying and slavery in hospitality and tourism industry is becoming alarming. Men and women are disproportionately affected by these trio vices due to their working status, the type of work they do, and the conditions in the field they work in. This issue may also harm their safety, health, and well-being. Emotional, psychological, professional, and health-related effects can occur, resulting in costs worldwide, especially in low and middle-income countries. The aim of the study is to examine gender perspectives to violence, bullying and slavery in the hospitality and tourism industry in Lagos state, Nigeria. The study anchored on Social Cognitive Theory of Gender Development and Differentiation. In gathering data for this study, the researcher made use of survey research method. This study adopted a perception-based research design. Research design combined both the exploratory and conclusive research methods. Qualitative and
quantitative research methods were used to cover all areas of the research. The study identified causes, perpetrators, effects and the coping strategies of the employees subjected to vices, particularly focusing on employees in the Lagos State hospitality and tourism industry. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach. Four hundred and twelve employees from Lagos State hospitality and tourism organizations completed the questionnaires and thirty-six employees participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using SPSS. The findings showed that Gender perspective of violence, bullying, and slavery has significant effect on the behaviour of employees in hospitality and tourism industry ( 2 = 39.700, P-value = 0.000). Also the occurrence of violence, bullying and slavery has significant effect on hospitality and tourism industry 2 = 21.729, P-value = 0.001. It was discovered that female employees in the hospitality industry experienced workplace violence more than male who rarely experience such. The research findings showed that the perpetrators of workplace violence, bullying and slavery in Lagos State hospitality and
tourism workplaces are victim’s superiors, senior colleagues, co-workers and guests. Some of the perpetrators’ behaviours were verbal abuse, sexual harassment, unfair workload, false accusations; and such behaviours contributes to employees’ negative emotions and work performance. The consequences of violence, bullying and slavery in the hospitality and tourism industry include poor psychological health, depression, stress, anxiety, low levels of emotional wellbeing, low job satisfaction, low commitment, reduced work performance and intention to leave job. Additionally, findings showed that the employees coped with the situations by observing people’s mood and character, through perseverance and ability to observe pressure; by being calm in the situation and not responding disrespectfully; by avoiding unnecessary argument; and by discouraging any form of violence and slavery in a hospitality and tourism industry. The study concluded that violence, bullying and slavery is real and happening in the hospitality and tourism industry of Lagos State, Nigeria and must be curbed. Consequently, the study expands extant literature on gender perspective to hospitality industry. The study recommends that, organizations should develop and implement clear cut policies on preventing and dealing with these vices at work.
Keywords: Bullying, Hospitality Industry, Perspectives, Violence, Slavery.
Word Count: 500
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Keywords
Bullying, Hospitality Industry, Perspectives, Violence, Slavery
Citation
Kate Turabia