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206 Test Anxiety as a Factor in Undergraduates’ Academic Performance at the Nigerian Premier University of Education
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Toyobo, Oluwole Majekodunmi
This study investigates test anxiety as a factor in academic performance. The aim was to determine whether students’ academic performance has any bearing on the level of their test anxiety. Four hundred students were randomly selected from the four colleges in Nigeria’s premier university of education: (1) College of Applied Education & Vocational (2) College of Humanities (3) College of Social Management Studies and (4) College of Applied Sciences. One hundred students were randomly selected from each College. Students’ Test Anxiety Questionnaire (STAQ) was designed and used to collect data. Data was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correction and t-test. The result of the data analysis showed a high negative correlation between test anxiety and academic performance. Test anxiety experienced levels of male and female students also differ significantly. Regular periodic programmes to reduce test anxiety should be organised by the University Counselling Centre, while parents should help female students prepare better for examinations in order to reduce test anxiety. KeyWords: Test anxiety, academic performance, examinations
32 Trends in the WASSCE Performance of Students in Physics in Oyo State Nigeria (2004 to 2010)
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Akuche, Ukamaka Evelyn; Okunola, Opeoluwa Motunrayo
As important as Physics is to the technological advancement of a nation, students still perform below standard in the subject. Over the years, researches have been carried out and the process is still on to address the perceived causes of poor performance in Physics. The instrument used for this study was West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) Physics results, 2004 to 2010. The trend of Physics students’ performance for a period of seven (7) years was considered. The findings revealed that the performance of students in Physics is still very low. The trend in performance is not consistent. It is recommended that Colleges and Universities of Education utilize the recommendations proffered in different researches that addressed poor performance in Physics to improve students’ learning outcomes. Keywords: Performance in Physics, Trends, WASSCE Result
A Constructive Intervention in Martha Nussbaum and Ingrid Robeyns’ Capabilitarianism and its Implications for Sustainable Development in Nigeria (2012-2022)
(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities, 2024) Ayomide AJIBOYE, PhD; Ronald Olufemi BADRU, PhD; Peter Ayoola ODERINDE, PhD
Capability Approach is one of the topics examined in development studies; it emphasises the understanding that human welfare and access to unlimited opportunities is important to economic success and this can in turn help to create sustainable development. Creating sustainable development is of significance to addressing the social, economic, and environmental challenges faced in Nigeria. However, there has been a major problem in Nigeria militating against the achievement of sustainable development goals in line with the Vision 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study seeks to carry out a constructive intervention in Martha Nussbaum’s and Ingrid Robeyns’ Capabilitarianism to solve the problem of sustainable development in Nigeria. It employs a qualitative research design using the method of secondary data collection to analyse the data. To achieve sustainable development in Nigeria, especially the SDGs, there is a need for constructive intervention using the capability frameworks of Martha Nussbaum and Ingrid Robeyns to advance social justice, equity, improve quality of lives and guarantee a more sustainable future. Keywords: Capability Approach, Sustainable Development, Development Ethics, Capabilitarianism, Nigeria, Sustainable Development Goals
A Critique of the Impact of Social Media on Governance in Nigeria
(Lead City Journal of the Social Sciences (LCJSS), Volume 9 (No. 1), JUNE. 2024, 2026-06) AKINDOYIN Dare Isaac
The impact of social media on governance in Nigeria has become a focal point of scholarly and practical inquiry in recent years. Nigeria, the most populous African state with a burgeoning digital landscape, has witnessed a transformation in its governance dynamics owing to the pervasive influence of social media platforms. Social media has emerged as a potent tool for citizen engagement, political mobilization, and information dissemination in Nigeria. It has enabled citizens to voice their opinions, hold leaders accountable, and participate in democratic processes more actively than ever before. However, the impact of social media on governance in Nigeria is not without challenges. The dissemination of misinformation, hate speech, and fake news poses significant threats to political stability and social cohesion. The unchecked spread of rumours and inflammatory content on social media platforms has fueled ethnic tensions, religious conflicts, and political polarization in the country. Thus, the paper explores the pros and cons of social media on governance in Nigeria and investigate the nexus between governance and social media in Nigeria with the aid of Technological Determinism as a theoretical framework. Adopting a qualitative approach with the use of secondary data sources such as academic journals, government reports, and media reports, the study critically analyse the impact of social media on governance in Nigeria. The study finds that social media has democratized access to information in Nigeria. The study recommends the implementation of specific laws and regulations that govern social media usage to ensure accountability and responsible behaviour online. Meanwhile, on the part of the Nigerian authorities, the study recommends collaborating with social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to develop and enforce community guidelines that can help mitigate the spread of harmful content.
A Historical Background of Proliferation of Churches in Nigeria
(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities, 2024) Yaro Moses SHOK; Solomon KYOM, PhD; Bitrus Irimiya ABBAS
The paper discusses the historical background of proliferation of churches in Nigeria. The study is informed by the alarming rate at which churches are springing up in Nigeria. The paper aims at tracing back to the root of church proliferation. The research utilizes a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on historical data, and adopts the primary and secondary sources, including religious texts, theological treatises, scholarly articles, and archival records. The records are examined to reconstruct the historical trajectory of the proliferation of churches in Nigeria. The study reveals that the history of church proliferation in Nigeria is divided into five periods which are: the period of introducing Latin Christianity in the 15th and 16th Centuries; the period of denominationalism and missionary activities in the 19th Century from 1842 onward; the period of evolution of independent Churches; the period of indigenous African churches; and the period of the birth of Charismatic and Pentecostal churches. Amongst others, it is established in this paper that the proliferation of churches in Nigeria is caused by selfish motive for financial prosperity, doctrinal disagreements and the quest for position and power. The work recommends that, instead of establishing more churches in the nation without tangible impact on the morality of members, pastors and church leaders should focus on preaching the gospel of Christ for the purpose of building the moral and spiritual lives of her members. More so, the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) should wake up to their responsibilities of controlling, regulating and punishing churches that contravene the set goals to the association. The study concludes that, although church proliferation has its positive impacts, the negative effects brought about by the proliferation of churches are overriding the good side of it which is reflecting in the current situation in the country where corruption and moral decadence are the order of the day. Keywords: Proliferation, Church, Christianity, Nigeria, Denominationalism
A Review of the Role of Social Media in Nigerian Youth Participation in Elections
(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities (, 2024) A. M. IDIALU; J. G. AKPOKO
The youth’s seeming apathy towards politics has continued to resonate among researchers, policy makers and other stakeholders. However, the emergence of social media has opened up new frontiers for citizens, especially the youths who are known to be the most populous social media natives. The main purpose of this study is to explore how social media serves as a tool for political sensitisation, mobilisation and influence on participation of Nigerian youths in the electoral process. The study relied on desk review of existing secondary data to establish youths’ utilization of social media and participation in the electoral process. It presents perspectives on media, social media, youths, youth participation, challenges of social media usage in the electoral processes and recommendations. The study is also hinged on technological determinism theory. Findings of study reveal that, with the right enablement, the Nigerian youth will be actively involved in the political process. It also reveals that lack of professionalism, fake news and hate speeches are some challenges of social media usage for political activities and recommends that laws to punish erring users of social media be considered seriously when promoting the use of social media among the youths. Keywords: Youth, Nigerian, Social Media, Participation and Electoral Process
Academic Library Support in a Blended Learning Environment: The Place of Embedded Librarianship
(2022-02-10) Oladokun, Taofeek Abiodun; Bakare-Fatugase, Oluwabunmi Dorcas; Jatto, Victor Omeiza
Technology advancement has led to significant paradigm changes in education. The tradition face-to-face learning is now being supplemented, or in some case, replaced by virtual learning leveraging on modern information technology tools. This practice of mixing traditional and technology in teaching and learning is referred to as blended learning. Academic libraries as designated support institutions for academic activities are also expected to come up with strategies to ensure that both teachers and learners have the necessary support to effectively carry out their teaching, learning and research activities as usual. One of the strategies that have been suggested by scholars is embedded librarianship. This paper explores the strategies that can be adopted by librarians in Nigerian academic libraries to ensure that relevant library information resources and services to both students and lecturers, are embedded into the evolving learning environment for both lecturers and students in tertiary institutions.
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals through Effective Flood Management in Nigeria: Lessons from the Netherlands
(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities, 2024) Oluwabusayo Olayinka OLUSOLA-ILORI
It is a known fact that, from time immemorial, flood has been ravaging many communities across the globe, and Nigeria is no exception. Flooding comes with many devastating effects and could negatively affect the laudable sustainable development goals (SDGs). The paper was an attempt to find lasting solution to the challenge of perennial flooding in Nigeria. The paper examined some of the causes, the consequences and reviewed some of the government interventions on flooding in Nigeria. There was a comparative review of several articles on flood management in Nigeria and the Netherlands. Three findings were deduced from the materials reviewed on flood management in Netherlands Spatial Planning; Flood Defenses Mechanism; and Flood Forecasts, Alerts and Evacuation. These findings and implications were discussed within the purview of general systems theory (GST) towards effective flood management in Nigeria. And the following were recommended: government agencies should carry out the sensitisation and enforcement of policies for people to desist from blocking waterways and buildings on flood plains; proactivity and investment in flood mitigation methods such as dam building, dredging rivers, clearing of drainages and natural canals; and finally, relevant flood prevention agencies should be well funded and monitored to avoid mismanagement. Keywords: Flooding; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); Flood Management; Government Agencies; General Systems Theory
Addressing The Boko Haram Sect’s Nihilism: An Exploration of The Role of Writers
(Journal of Capital Development In Behavioural Science, 2023-04) A.O. Faniran
Terrorist attacks in Nigeria were formerly almost exclusively carried out by two separate and distinct militant groups: the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) and the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB). Another militant group, Boko Haram, an Islamist sect, has now emerged and is at the moment carrying out deadly attacks on Nigerians, on foreign nationals and on public agencies and institutions like the police, the army, and public and private schools. While the Federal Government has to a large extent successfully used force to curtail the violent activities of MEND and MASSOB, its employment of that strategy in dealing with the Boko Haram sect has largely failed. This position paper briefly discusses the history of terrorism in Nigeria, the advent of Boko Haram, its meaning and origins, its terrorist attacks and their impacts, and the various ways and strategies being suggested to bring the Islamist sect’s insurgency to an end. Finally, the paper contends that, in addition to the various suggested strategies, writers too have a role in ending this dreaded sect’s murderous activities. keywords: attacks, terrorism, militant, movement, emancipation.
Advancement of the potentials of Codices Video Game for Senior Secondary School Mathematics learning in Kwara State
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences Vol. 13 Issue 1 (March, 2025), 2025-03) Anthony Taiwo OGUNDELE; Medinat Folorunsho SALMAN; Jacob Gbemiga AROWOLO
Teachers’inability to incorporate variety of instructional schemes has been reported in studies as major factors for the disappointing performance of students in Mathematics or science. This paper examined the development and usage of Codice Video Games (CVG) to teach and enhancestudents cognitive learning processes in Mathematics. The prospect of CVG to support learning and several researchers’ efforts to assist learnersto overcome challenges related to mathematics were explored. A quasi-experimental-control group design was adopted. Four purposively selected senior secondary schools from the population with intact classes consisting of 50 SS II students were assigned to experimental and 60 others to control groups respectively in Irepodun local government area of Kwara State. The development and efficacy of a CVG on probability was conducted. A CVG rating scale whose reliability coefficient was determined through Kendall’s concordance that yielded 0.76 index was used for data collection. Data obtained from the test scores of students were analysed, which revealed that students taught with CVG had higher mean gain score than those taught with the conventional method in Probability, the interaction effect of CVG on gender favoured female than male students, CVG usage was loaded with potentials more effective for students’ probability learning. Therefore, it was suggested that considerable attention should be given to the use of CVG in learning Mathematical concepts, and learner characteristics in Mathematics.
Advocacy of 4IR Agenda in Selected Feature Films: An Analysis of Aneesh Chaganty’s Searching and Nicholas D. Johnson & Will Merick’s Missing
(The International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities (INJOCORH), 2023) Monsuru Oladotun OLAJIDE; Samson O. EBE; Adebayo J. BADEJI
A film contains images that are projected on the screen to generate chimera of movements. It is a visual story-telling type of entertainment which can also serve as a tool of edification. Film is also used to probe vital social issues. It is deployed to make the audience take note of a development, learn about a new culture, and experience dissimilar perspectives on a given subject matter. Genre of films include; historical, science-fiction, comedy, drama, thriller, drama, adventure, crime, gangster, horror, western and musical. The genus of film that brings controversial discourse to the consciousness of its audience is referred to as advocacy film. Advocacy film also allows its audience to examine issues from different perspectives. Existing studies on films with advocacy are mostly documentary films. However, scant attention has been paid to advocacy feature-length films. Guided by Emerson Kim’s Media Advocacy Theory, this study investigates how the Fourth Industrial Revolution agenda were established in Aneesh Chaganty’s film; Searching and Nicholas D. Johnson & Will Merick’s film; Missing. The study concludes that film is not entertainment only; it could also serve as a means to display/situate social, political, cultural, economic and technological discourses in the age of industry 4.0. Keywords: Film, Genre, Advocacy Film, Fourth Industrial Revolution
An Examination of the Use of Special Effects Make-Up in the Nigerian Film Industry (Nollywood)
(The International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities (INJOCORH), 2023) Toluwalope Mofoluwaso, AJAYI
Make-up is one important aspect of theatre that helps to build the director’s conceptualization. It involves the use of cosmetics and other materials to help transform an actor into the character he or she is meant to play. Simply put, it interprets the role of a character alongside costume. Special Effects Make-up is one of the four types of theatre make-up. This aspect is one which requires special training and skillfulness. Make-up is taught alongside costume design but does not receive much attention in schools. As a result, students who choose to be make-up artists do not have adequate information and experience in the field. Some of the problems faced by special effects make-up artists include short time-frame, unavailability of materials, poor lighting and environmental factors. This research work is limited to the analytical breakdown of the six selected films, drawing out the special effects make-up deployed in them, although references will be made to other films when and where necessary. This study serves as a resource text for researchers and scholars interested in Nollywood, especially in the area of makeup. It also hopes to fill the lapse in the application and development of special effects make-up in Nollywood. This research employs the qualitative method of research using analysis of related literature such as text books, journals, online materials, articles, and six selected films were consulted to obtain relevant information. The films are Maami, October 1, Figurine, Igodo, Koto Orun, and The Meeting. They were all monitored on DVDs. The Symbolism theory will be used to define the viewpoint of this study. Findings made during this research include lack of skill and professional training, unavailability of materials, blending, environmental factors, short time-frame and insufficient academic training. Keywords: Make-up, Nollywood, Special Efects, Symbolism
Artificial Intelligence and Christianity: Navigating Ethical Challenges and Opportunities in the Techno-Scientific Era in Nigeria
(International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities, 2024) Samson Obaloluwa OJO
With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in this techno-scientific era, there are growing concerns among scholars and religious practitioners regarding its effects on religion and society. This paper explores the complex interplay between AI and Christianity, investigating whether AI fosters harmony or discord within religious practices and beliefs. The study addresses ethical concerns and challenges posed by AI, specifically its potential to either enhance or challenge traditional religious doctrines. Using a qualitative methodology, the paper examines historical perspectives on religion and technology, alongside case studies of the intersection of AI with religious practices. The findings reveal a nuanced relationship between AI and religion, with both positive and negative impacts. While AI offers opportunities to enhance religious experiences, it raises ethical dilemmas and challenges established theological frameworks. The paper concludes by recommending that religious institutions should embrace technological advancements cautiously, balancing innovation with the preservation of core values. Furthermore, interdisciplinary research and educational initiatives should be encouraged to foster a more ethical approach to the development and deployment of AI. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Religion, Society, Techno-Scientific Era, Ethics
Assessment of Industrial Revolution on Building Production Management
(The International Journal of Contemporary Research in Humanities (INJOCORH), 2023) Ayodele Christianah AJAO; John Adekunle AREMU; Sherifat Omowumi SIYANBOLA; Kabiru Okegere TIJANI
Industrial Revolution (IR) has caused tremendous changes in technology which have greatly affected the construction industry and her products. With the current changes in technology, the mode of operation of construction industry has been changed. The efforts put in place in meeting the demand for the products of construction industry particularly building has revealed the extent at which the construction of building has adapted to technological changes brought about by industrial revolution. All the construction processes of building are no longer with stress, but at ease with the use of machines and other means of intelligent networking and the use of managerial policy in order to improve the quality of the building. This paper aims at assessing the evolution of industrial revolution, its impact on building production management and challenges confronting the evolution. The paper adopted literature review and finds that, though, introduction of industrial related technology in management of building production harnesses effective use of resources and improved the quality of building produced in terms of cost, time and workmanship, there are some challenges slowing down the full processes in building production. The paper concludes that all construction stakeholders should implement industrial revolution techniques, system and application so as to drive production system of the industry to match with the other industries by improving education and training so as to meet up with the demand of modern technologies. Keywords: Industrial Revolution, Construction, Building, Production, Management
Assessment of Public Relations Strategies in Crisis Management During the 2020 #ENDSARS Protest and “Lekki Shooting” in Lagos, Nigeria
(LCU, 2024-04-02) Taye BABALEYE, PhD
Public relations strategies are sacrosanct to crisis management. Governments often use public relations strategies to maintain peace in the society. The study assessed the perception of students of tertiary institutions in Lagos on the State Government's public relations strategies in managing the Lekki Shooting during the #ENDSARS protests in October 2020. Data were gathered using quantitative and qualitative research methods. Research instrument was administered on 353 students of four universities, while four key informants from the public sector were interviewed. Findings show that the public relations strategies deployed by Lagos State Government were Community Relations (Mean = 2.44), Media Relations (Mean = 2.43), Corporate Social Responsibility (Mean = 2.28) and Government Relations (Mean = 2.27) and they were found to be effective. However, Community Relations and Media Relations strategies were most effective. The study reveals that the strategic public relations efforts of State Government Journal of Communication and Media Technology Vol 6(1&2) 2 underestimated the power of digital media in stoking the embers of violence. Thus, there was loophole in the strategies adopted. The study therefore recommended that the Lagos State Government should integrate digital media in its public relations strategies and intensify its strategic community relations to build goodwill among the youths to forestall further crisis in future. The study also recommended that government should draw on the goodwill of the people to prevent future breakdown of law and order.
Assessment of Radio Jingles (OGBC FM 90.5) in Eradicating Malaria in Abeokuta North Local Government Area of Ogun State
(LCU, 2024-04) ABIOYE Adegboyega Lukman; Omolara Oluwatoyin IDEHENRE
There is a belief that media has the overreaching power to influence the perception and behavior of the public by sharing health-related information from various platforms which can ultimately impact the success of health and sustainability initiatives. Hence, this study assessed radio jingles (OGBC FM 90.5) in eradicating Malaria in Abeokuta North Local Government Area of Ogun State. The study's general objective was to measure the perception of Abeokuta North residents on the role of OGBC FM in disseminating information about malaria prevention and control and to assess ways through which OGBC Jingles has shaped Abeokuta North residents' knowledge, attitude, and practice to malaria prevention and treatment. The study adopted the Social Responsibility Theory and employed a survey research design. The study population comprised residents of Abeokuta North Local Government Area whose estimated population in the year 2022 was 338,100 (NPC, NBS, 2022). Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select respondents across the 16 wards of the Local Government Area. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data using SPSS. Findings revealed that positive and favourable perception of the role of OGBC in disseminating information about malaria prevention and control as agreed by the majority 79%. It was discovered that the jingles have also Journal of Communication and Media Technology Vol 6(1&2) 100 helped to dispel myths and misconceptions about malaria and its treatment as acknowledged by the majority 69%. The result also showed that the jingles have encouraged the majority 85% of people to adopt preventive measures such as sleeping under insecticide-treated nets and keeping the environment clean, which has led to a reduction in the incidence of malaria in the area. Findings also revealed the effectiveness of OGBC jingles on in majority 75% malaria prevention and control that changed behaviour since they were exposed to it. The study concluded that the employment of radio jingles, fliers, and posters has been a part of community awareness campaigns on malaria management and eradication. It is crucial to carry out these initiatives and look into fresh approaches to combat malaria in the area.
Assessment of Secretaries’ Perception on Relevance of Shorthand in their Functions in an Era of Advanced Office Technology and Information Systems
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Amoor, S.S.; Adamu, Ibrahim
This study is entitled “Assessment of Secretaries’ perception on relevance of shorthand in their functions in an era of advanced office technology and information systems”. The study had four objectives as a guide and four hypotheses. The researchers adopted descriptive survey research design. The study covered three tertiary institutions: Ahmadu Bello University, Federal College of Education and Nuhu Bamali Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State offering shorthand. The population of the study consisted of 30 lecturers and 30 practicing secretaries in the selected institutions. Four rating scale structured questionnaire were used to generate data from the respondents. Data collected were coded in SPSS using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to test null hypotheses one and two, while t-test was used to test null hypotheses three and four. All the null hypotheses were tested at the 0.05 level of significance. The study shows, among others, that listening skill and consciousness for speed and accuracy acquired in shorthand play significant roles on secretaries’ duties in this era of advanced office technology and information systems. The researchers recommended, among others, that seminar/workshop should be organized to educate the government, policy makers and students on the importance of shorthand for effective and efficient performance of secretaries in this crucial dispensation. Keywords: Shorthand, Advanced Office Technology, Secretaries
Assessment of Secretaries’ Perception on Relevance of Shorthand in their Functions in an Era of Advanced Office Technology and Information Systems
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences, 2014-10) Amoor, S.S.; Adamu, Ibrahim
This study is entitled “Assessment of Secretaries’ perception on relevance of shorthand in their functions in an era of advanced office technology and information systems”. The study had four objectives as a guide and four hypotheses. The researchers adopted descriptive survey research design. The study covered three tertiary institutions: Ahmadu Bello University, Federal College of Education and Nuhu Bamali Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State offering shorthand. The population of the study consisted of 30 lecturers and 30 practicing secretaries in the selected institutions. Four rating scale structured questionnaire were used to generate data from the respondents. 17 Data collected were coded in SPSS using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to test null hypotheses one and two, while t-test was used to test null hypotheses three and four. All the null hypotheses were tested at the 0.05 level of significance. The study shows, among others, that listening skill and consciousness for speed and accuracy acquired in shorthand play significant roles on secretaries’ duties in this era of advanced office technology and information systems. The researchers recommended, among others, that seminar/workshop should be organized to educate the government, policy makers and students on the importance of shorthand for effective and efficient performance of secretaries in this crucial dispensation. Keywords: Shorthand, Advanced Office Technology, Secretaries
Assessment of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the United Kingdom
(Journal of Capital Development in Behavioural Sciences Vol. 13 Issue 1 (March, 2025), 2025-03) Pierre SMITH; Kolawole FARINLOYE; Samson OJO; Mayowa ADULOJU; Sunmola FASHOLA; Oyeyemi SORETIRE; Matilda ADETUBERU; Faith ALAGI
This study investigated and provided an understanding of effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism and hospitality industry, in the United Kingdom. For this research, explanatory research design was adopted. The survey followed the standard measures comprising 250 structured questionnaires, divided into four (4) sections, namely demographic profile; COVID-19 behaviour; Tourists’ attitude and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. With tourism and hospitality operators of national importance selected through proportionate stratified sampling technique as the respondents, only 207 feedbacks were retrieved, while data from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) was equally be reviewed. Data were analysed through Man-Whitney (U), and Kruskal-Wallis (H) test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Factor analysis with Varimax rotation (reliability and convergent validity of construct). Finally, Ordinal regression (PLUM) and Multinomial Logistic Model (MLR) were applied for assessing the influences of effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism and hospitality industry, in the United Kingdom. Findings revealed a high level (0.84%) of Covid-19’s effect on tourism and hospitality operators. More than 60% of respondents correctly answered majority of questions, but few cases namely time, value of money and less corporate tax, were major negative (-0.45) effects of the pandemic on their operations. Except share for the transport-markets, regulatory frameworks and corporate tax, level of effects of the pandemic were not varying statistically according to area of studies. It was also found that maximum selected indicators of effects of the pandemic were dependent on control variables except source of income, attended patronage and profit returns. Data further showed that transport and logistics were the worse-hit by the pandemic, wherein respondents recorded 100% losses; significant at α=0.859 and β=0.897, respectively. It can be concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on the tourism and hospitality industry in the United Kingdom. Increased level of education and awareness are really necessary to forestall any future outbreaks’ effect of such magnitude on the said industry.
Board Attributes and Risk Disclosure of Quoted Industrial Goods Companies Listed in Nigerian Exchange Group
(Lead City Journal of the Social Sciences (LCJSS), Volume 9 (No. 1), JUNE. 2024, 2024-06) NABURGI Musa Muhammed; OJO, Lukman Olatunji; OYEDOKUN, Godwin Emmanuel
This study responds to recent calls for more research on this subject by empirically examining the effect of board attributes on risk disclosure of quoted industrial goods firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. This study adopts an ex post facto research design. The population of the study comprised all the 13 listed industrial goods firms. Data were extracted from the published financial statements of the industrial goods companies, covering a period of ten (10) years from 2013 to 2024. Risk disclosure was measured using dichotomous scale “1” if a company discloses risk in the financial statement, “0” otherwise. The study employs logistic regression as the technique of analysis with the aid of STATA version 16 as a tool for analysis. The results indicate that board independence, board size and board gender diversity all have significant effects on the extent of risk disclosure in industrial goods companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. The study concluded that the composition is a viable corporate mechanism for improved voluntary disclosure such as risk disclosure in industrial goods companies. This study recommends that the Nigerian industrial goods sector be composed of boards with diversities such as gender, expertise, and nationality, especially the independent directors who can bring their experiences to bear in making decisions with respect to risk information disclosures.

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