Department of Environmental Design & Management

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    A Proposed Film Village for Nollywood Production of Nigeria (Building Acoustic on The Design of a Film Village)
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Oladoyin J. HENRY-GREAT
    The acoustic quality in sound-sensitive spaces, like music studios, recording rooms, acting studio, and Auditorium is the backbone of how usable and productive these spaces will be, every part and component in these spaces ensures better sound quality, from the structural elements to doors and fittings, it is important to note that these spaces cannot be certified until Echo and traveling sounds are eliminated. This document aim and objectives to provide general solutions for acoustic problems in film village, particularly its studio environment, the fundamentals of architectural acoustics in studio that are simply enough for the typical person to grasp and use them, through literature review and use of a case studies, the study would address specific utility space, to control noise problems and the potential improvement of natural voice projection. Even though it was impossible to control every component of studio acoustics, the goal was to give them a helpful tool to assist them grasp the important problems related to performance space acoustics. Ideally, any designer who takes into account acoustics in their designs may utilize this knowledge to assess their current environment and make adjustment as time and money allow. Keywords: Acoustics, film village, studio, sound, Reverberation time, Background noise, Speech intelligibility.
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    A Proposed History and Cultural Museum for Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria (Considerations for Effective Lighting in Museum Design)
    (2024-12) Ayomide Obaloluwa POPOOLA
    This study investigates the critical role of lighting design in enhancing visitor experiences, preserving artifacts, and effectively communicating museum narratives. Museums serve as essential cultural institutions that facilitate education through the exhibition of historical and artistic treasures. However, achieving optimal lighting involves addressing diverse exhibit needs, the delicate nature of artifacts, and the balance between aesthetics and preservation. The research aims to identify best practices and guidelines for effective museum lighting, focusing on the requirements of various exhibit types, suitable design strategies, and technologies that enhance visitor interaction. It examines several lighting approaches ambient, accent, mood lighting, and natural light integration each with distinct objectives in highlighting artifacts and creating immersive environments. Findings indicate that tailored lighting solutions are vital for different exhibit categories. Advances in technologies such as LED lighting, digital controls, and interactive installations play a significant role in balancing conservation and visitor engagement. The study also discusses conservation strategies, including time-controlled lighting and UV-filtering materials to mitigate photodegradation risks. Recommendations highlight the need for a comprehensive approach that considers user experience, inclusivity, and visual comfort while advocating for programming that reflects diverse visitor interests. Further research should explore the impact of emerging technologies like augmented and virtual reality on museum lighting strategies, as well as the long-term effects of optimized lighting on engagement and artifact preservation. By systematically addressing these factors, this study offers valuable insights for museum designers, conservators, and management, ultimately enhancing the cultural appreciation and educational potential of museums worldwide Keywords: Artifacts, Lightning Design, Museum Word count: 129
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    A Proposed Shopping Mall for Ace Investment, Ibadan (Effective Daylighting Strategies to Enhance Circulation in Shopping Mall)
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Eyitayo Adetunji AFOLABI
    Shopping malls makes a contribution to commercial enterprise extensively than conventional markets which were seemed for meeting Patrons supply and demand’s need. The evolution of shopping mall concerned the changes in end-users’ and retailers’ behavioural sample. Malls attract customers and retailers supplying enough time to make alternatives in addition to leisure way of buying. Imperatively, daylighting system would be a better ideology to be applied within the interior of a shopping with a view to offer the revel in and out of doors daytime whilst within the mall. It will advantage to intensify circulation through adequate visibility and minimize the use of Mechanical means of lighting during day time. Introduction of French or High window heights to admit lighting into the deep and large spaces of the Mall. To sustain the effect of daylighting system within the shopping mall, a field survey was carried out to explore daylighting benefits from the Customers’ point of views. This design report is targeted on examining the techniques of daylight adoption into the shopping centre through the window heights and Skylights (Atrium) that allows you to accentuate visibility of customers at some point of circulation in the mall. This study also found that illumination was rated as the most important element within the interior of a shopping mall. Keywords: Effective Daylighting, Shopping Mall, Customer perception, Daylighting strategies, Ibadan, Case Study Word count: 241
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    A Proposed Stadium for Oyo state (Psychological Effects of Green Landscape Elements on User Experience in a Community Sports Facility)
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Olajide Precious OSOLO
    A contemporary architectural strategy that has received widespread acclaim for its aesthetic and environmental advantages is the incorporation of green landscape features into the layout of community sports facilities. More than just aesthetic appeal, these features—like gardens, native plants, water features, and open green areas—improve psychological well-being and create a sense of connectedness to the natural world, which benefits the user experience as a whole. Notwithstanding the well-established benefits of sustainable building, little is known about the precise function of green landscape elements in community sports facilities and how they affect patron happiness and wellbeing. The current study fills this gap by examining the psychological, environmental, and aesthetic impacts of integrating natural components into these institutions' architectural designs. This study used a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with users, architects, and urban planners to better understand how people perceive the value of green features. In sporting facilities with differing degrees of green integration, quantitative surveys evaluate psychological impact, aesthetic appreciation, and user happiness. Results are anticipated to show that establishments with thoughtfully integrated green elements offer a more pleasurable and fulfilling setting, possibly boosting patron loyalty and well-being. In order to include green components in a way that improves sustainability and usability, the study provides architects and urban planners with helpful suggestions. Using native plants to promote biodiversity, establishing open areas for community engagement, and adding water features to enhance atmosphere are among recommended best practices. These insights aim to support the development of sports centres that not only meet functional needs but also promote an ecological and user-centred approach to design. Future research should explore the long-term sustainability of green features in diverse climates and cultural contexts, broadening the applicability of these findings across various environmental and social settings. Keywords: Aesthetics, Green Landscape Elements, Psychological Well-being, Sustainability, User Experience. Word count: 300 words
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    A Proposed Stadium for Oyo state (Psychological Effects of Green Landscape Elements on User Experience in a Community Sports Facility)
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Olajide Precious OSOLO
    A contemporary architectural strategy that has received widespread acclaim for its aesthetic and environmental advantages is the incorporation of green landscape features into the layout of community sports facilities. More than just aesthetic appeal, these features—like gardens, native plants, water features, and open green areas—improve psychological well-being and create a sense of connectedness to the natural world, which benefits the user experience as a whole. Notwithstanding the well-established benefits of sustainable building, little is known about the precise function of green landscape elements in community sports facilities and how they affect patron happiness and wellbeing. The current study fills this gap by examining the psychological, environmental, and aesthetic impacts of integrating natural components into these institutions' architectural designs. This study used a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with users, architects, and urban planners to better understand how people perceive the value of green features. In sporting facilities with differing degrees of green integration, quantitative surveys evaluate psychological impact, aesthetic appreciation, and user happiness. Results are anticipated to show that establishments with thoughtfully integrated green elements offer a more pleasurable and fulfilling setting, possibly boosting patron loyalty and well-being. In order to include green components in a way that improves sustainability and usability, the study provides architects and urban planners with helpful suggestions. Using native plants to promote biodiversity, establishing open areas for community engagement, and adding water features to enhance atmosphere are among recommended best practices. These insights aim to support the development of sports centres that not only meet functional needs but also promote an ecological and user-centred approach to design. Future research should explore the long-term sustainability of green features in diverse climates and cultural contexts, broadening the applicability of these findings across various environmental and social settings. Keywords: Aesthetics, Green Landscape Elements, Psychological Well-being, Sustainability, User Experience. Word count: 300 words.
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    A Proposed Youth Recreation Center at Eleyele, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria (Effects of Landscaping Elements on Recreation Center Users)
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Toyin Esther OGUNMOLADE
    The historical moment of COVID-19 pandemic left many people disconnected and hopeless exacerbating a national economic hardship that started well before then. A high level of idleness disengagement and unemployment was experienced by a great number of populace, the imposed lock-down period was not positively utilized due to either non-availability or non-proximity of recreation centers within the reach of the community. The economic hardship imposed by the pandemic prompted some citizens especially youths to engage in sorts of immoral acts having negative effect on their Physical and mental well-being. This study is therefore set to meet the need for the design of a recreation centre using adequate landscaping elements to achieve psychological well-being.The research deploys a case study approach through selection of five (5) recreation centers, and through analysis and observations of the selected cases. The findings from the case studies reveal the landscaping elements that can be used in achieving a psychological health balance as follows: Natural Landscape : Water Bodies, Hills, Mountains, Forest, Rocks, StoneUrban Landscape elements : (i) Hard Landscapes : Concrete Paving, Interlocking tiles, Artificial grassing, Tree planting, Decorative flowers in pots, Fountain (ii) Soft Landscapes : Natural grassing, shrubs, Vegetation Lawn, PondThe lessons learnt was transferred to the Proposed design of Recreation Center located at Eleyele the shore of Eleyele Lake in Ibadan North-East Local Government Area, Ibadan . This study has been able to establish the fact that landscaping elements can be used to improve mental health and psychological well-being of users of a recreation center.Therefore, it is recommended that stakeholders i.e. the government at all levels, Institutions, interested Individuals and general public, consider some of the identified elements, as relevant to establishment of recreation centers. Keywords : Youth, Recreation, Recreation Center, Landscaping, Mental Health (298 words)
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    Accounting Information System and Financial Performance of Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Jamiu BAKARE
    Accounting Information Systems (AIS) is an information system designed to record accounting transactions and events of a business and account for them in a way to comply with various applicable standard or policies. The research examines the accounting information system and financial performance of selected tertiary institutions in Lagos State, Nigeria. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data. A total of 131 questionnaire were administered among the top members of staff consisting of a total stratified population study of 190 in the Bursary department, Audit and stores and procurement units and some other Top level management and academic members of staff charged with roles of budgetary or accounting and financial roles which constitute a stratified sample size out which of 109employee of Lagos State University, Lagos State Polytechnic and Michael Otedola College of Education. The statistical tools adopted for the analysis includes the descriptive analysis of the Likert data of level 1 to 5, and the use of the Multivariate Regression analysis. The finding showed that there is significant relationship between AIS and financial performance of institutions data. The multi variate regression analyse shows that the P-Value for the dependent variable “Timely and Error Free Financial Reporting” when the adoption of AIS is below average is 0.128, which is greater than the level of significant (0.05). Therefore, accept the Null hypothesis, and conclude that when the level of adoption of AIS is above average as considered by the respondent, there is no significant effect of AIS on the “Timely and Error Free Financial Reporting. Testable hypothesis concludes that the involvement of AIS in an organization, improves timely and Error Free Financial Reporting required by supervising Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). The study recommends an increase in subventions and grant required for sustaining institutions on financial planning, controls and decision making process with a view to transform life through qualitative education service delivery with the support of of provision of credible and understandable information at a minimal cost. Keywords: Accounting, Information, Systems, Accounting Theory, Technology, Performance Word Count: 253
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    Adoption and Sustenance of COVID–19: Preventive Measures among Hotel Staff in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) John Olufemi AYODELE
    The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has greatly influenced the growth of hotel industry in every nation. Hoteliers must adopt and sustain preventive measures to tackle the spread of this disease. This study examined the level of adoption and sustenance of COVID-19 preventive measures among hotel staff in Lagos State. A descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. The population was 425 and the sample size was 203 using the stratified method. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire, interviews, personal observation method and focus group discussion was conducted through face to face and telephone interviews for some service staff and management of the selected hotels. The data obtained were analyzed using table, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The respondents affirmed that their hotels put in place measures to prevent transmission of COVID-19. The hypotheses were tested using the multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was significant combined influence of the independent factors (Gender, Age, Level of Education, Marital Status, Year of Work Experience, and Current Job Position) on adaptability of hygiene measures (R = 0.683, R2=0.187, F=13.283). The coefficient results also showed that Eko Hotel & Suites, p= -.101; The Sun Int’l Federal Place, p= -.109; Sheraton Hotel & Towers, p= -.105; Lagos Airport Hotels, p= -.098; Havannah Suites & Conference Centres, p= -.069. The output proved that the five hotels p-values were less than the 0.05 level of significance. Hence, it was concluded that there were preventive measures in place in all hotels to tackle COVID-19 transmission among hotel staff and guests; however, these preventive measures were adopted and sustained in the five selected hotels. Hence, it was recommended that hoteliers should provide adequate disinfection of the general environment, sterilization of receptions, rooms and corridors, air purifiers, and healthy meals and effectively train and educate their staff on the nature of pandemics and post-pandemic steps Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, Hotel, Hospitality Industry, Tourism, Lagos Word Count: 295
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    Application of Passive and Adaptive Energy Design Principles in the Design of a Vocational Study Center
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Abolaji Mutiu SHITTU
    Energy needs in buildings are in continuous demand and rising carbon emissions, and dependence on non-renewable resources contribute to an increase in health, environmental, and economic risks. In the modern society of architecture today, building designs rely heavily on mechanical systems to solve, adjust, optimize and regulate heating, cooling and lighting effects in a building interior. In order to reduce air pollution levels and greenhouse gasses, there should be a focus on the design and construction of more passive buildings, thus contributing to a more sustainable environment. This research investigated the necessary design strategies essential for the design of a sustainable building through a study of literature and case studies. A vocational center was designed using energy efficiency principles and elements to enhance human activity and promote energy efficiency. The study concludes that energy efficiency should be prioritized in design and construction. Keywords: Passive Design, Passive Design Principles, Sustainability, Vocational Center Word Count: 142 words
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    Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Socio-Psychological Well-Being of Employees in Tourism and Hospitality Sector in Bida, Niger State
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Bello, Hauwa Kulu
    Drawing on social and psychological well-being literature underpinned by the concept of resilience, this study examines the impact of COVID-19 induced redundancy on the socio-psychological well-being of redundant employees, and its effect on their commitment to work and support recovery in the tourism industry. Utilizing a quantitative methods design, 400 questionnaires were administered, however, 200 were retrieved, and 15 interviews conducted with redundant employees in Bida between October and November 2021. Results from a regression analysis of the survey data supported by qualitative interview analysis indicated that age, marital status, education, monthly income and dependants had significant influence on psychological well-being [R = .50; R2 = .25; F (5, 192) = 13.07; P<.01] and social well-being [R = .36; R2 = .13; F (5, 192) = 5.65; P<.01]. Collectively, demographic factors (age, marital status, level of education, monthly income and dependants) accounted for 25 variance in psychological well-being and 13% variance on social well-being. However, when considered independently, only age (β = .26; t = 2.96; P<.05), marital status (β = -.33; t = -3.92; P<.01), level of education (β = .34; t = 4.75; P<.01) and monthly income (β = .14; t = 2.17; P<.05) were independent predictors of psychological well-being. However, work characteristics had no significant joint influence on psychological well-being [R = .20; R2 = .04; F (4, 193) = 1.91; P>.05]. However, employment status (β = -.15; t = -2.05; P<.05) was found to have independent influence on psychological well-being. As regards social well-being, when combined, work characteristics had significant joint influence on social well-being during COVID-19 pandemic[R = .22; R2 = .05; F (4, 193) = 2.50; P<.05]. However, only employment status (β = -.16; t = -2.18; P<.05) and employed household (β = -.15; t = -2.05; P<.05) was found to have independent influence on social well-being. Meanwhile, psychological well-being significantly influenced future work commitment in the industry. Managerial implications for supporting employee resilience, well-being, and future recovery strategies are critically examined. The study finds out that the fear of economic crisis and non-employability enhances the perceived job insecurity among the employees and is becoming the root causes for various socio-psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, depression and uncertainty during the covid-19 outbreak. The study concludes that the findings contributes to our understanding of how tourism employees' social and psychological wellbeing affects their ability to take part in the industry's post-crisis recovery efforts. Therefore it is recommended that the Niger state government and the players in the tourism sector should create and execute employee pay assistance programs and a strategy to reduce insurance premiums. Stake holders must select the path of survival by minimizing losses rather than taking the company's profit into account in order to recover from the COVID-19 catastrophe. Keywords: COVID-19, Employee redundancy, Social and Psychological well-being, Post-Pandemic Recovery, Bida Words Count: 298
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    Assessment of Heavy Metals and PAHs in Soil from Tyre Pyrolysis Plant located in Egbeda Local Government Area, Oyo State
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Christopher Ogorchukwu OGBUE
    This study is aimed to assess heavy metals and PAHs in soil from tyre pyrolysis plant Egbeda, Ibadan Oyo State. Soil samples were collected from seven strategic locations around the plant. Five selected heavy metals name As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). PAHs were extracted from soil samples through an accelerated solvent extraction system (ASE 200, Dionex, Sunny-vale, CA, USA) with a 1:1 (v/v) acetone/dichloromethane solvent mixture. The results of heavy metals showed that the average concentration of the five metals are As-0.2827 mg/kg, Cd-0.2177 mg/kg, Cr-0.1726 mg/kg, Pb-0.6753 mg/kg and Zn-1.0232 mg/kg and in decreasing order of abundance ranked Zn > Pb > As > Cd > Cr. One way ANOVA reveals that all the results were significantly different from one another (P<0.05), similarly there was no correlation between all the five metals examined. The degree of contamination and the pollution index of the study site are 13.8 and 2.2 respectively and they implied that the site is moderately contaminated.The PAHs result showed that a total of 18 PAHs were determined with average concentration ranking of Naphthalene -381.25 mg/Kg, 1-Methyl Naphthalene -335.50 mg/Kg, 2-Methyl Naphthalene -236.25 mg/Kg, Anthracene -199.75 mg/Kg, Fluoranthene -173.65 mg/Kg, Phenanthrene -140.00 mg/Kg, Pyrene -78.78 mg/Kg, Chrysene -72.20 mg/Kg, Benzo(a)anthracene -48.78 mg/Kg, Benzo(a)pyrene -45.72 mg/Kg, Acenaphthene -36.68 mg/Kg, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene -31.26 mg/Kg, Benzo(b)fluoranthene -30.35 mg/Kg, Benzo(k)fluoranthene -27.54 mg/Kg, Fluorene -21.93 mg/Kg, Benzo(g,h,i)perylene -18.51 mg/Kg, Dibenz(a,h)anthracene -15.22 mg/Kg, and Acenaphthylene -12.98 mg/Kg. Seven major carcinogenic and tetratogenic PAHs were detected in slightly elevated levels. One way ANOVA reveals that the concentration of all the PAHs identified were significantly different from one another, although correlation study indicated that there is strong positive correlation between all the PAHs. Keywords: Pyrolysis, Scrap tyre, PAHs, Heavy metals, Environment, Concentration. Word Count: 285
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    Assessment of Street Lighting on Urban Security System in Oyo State, Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2023-12) Adesina Yakubu OYELAMI
    The prevailing security situation in Oyo State remains a pressing concern, with many expressing dissatisfaction with the government's efforts to address the issue effectively. However, the provision and maintenance of streetlights could play a significant role in mitigating these challenges. Thus, this study investigates the impact of a streetlight initiative on the urban security dynamics of Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design. It elicits information from residents, road users (commercial drivers and passengers) and park managers across selected routes with street lighting in Oyo State. A sample size of 400 respondents was selected randomly. Three major cities (Oyo, Ogbomosho, and Ibadan) in Oyo state were selected using purposive sampling to collect data. Data analysis employed descriptive and mean, with a mean score of 2.5 used as a decision threshold. A strong correlation (92.2%) was found between crime and areas lacking functional street lighting, consistent in both Oyo and Ogbomosho. The average mean of 3.39 highlights a significant consensus on the severity of urban security challenges. Respondents strongly agreed (mean of 3.45) on the positive impact of street lighting on security, particularly at night. Challenges identified include poor funding, corruption, power failures, vandalism, and inadequate maintenance. Proposed strategies to alleviate insecurity include installing brighter streetlights, ensuring uninterrupted lighting, establishing police patrols, regularly maintaining streetlights, refurbishing urban infrastructure, incorporating safety principles in urban planning, and intensifying crime prevention campaigns. The study concludes that unevenly lit road sections in the urban state of Oyo pose risks for users, especially during nighttime driving. Recommendations include the installation of bright streetlights in all urban centres in Oyo State, utilizing solar power or generators. Furthermore, the study advocates for intensified crime and violence prevention campaigns by civil society and relevant authorities to enhance awareness among vulnerable populations in Oyo State. Keywords: Street light, Crime, Security, Urban Infrastructure Words Count: 298
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    Climate Change and Variability as Determinants of Vegetation Cover Dynamics and Livelihood Responses of the Forested Communities of Southwest Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Olatunji David AYENI
    The Study investigates Climate Change and variability impacts on vegetation cover dynamics and livelihoods of the forested communities in Southwest Nigeria. This study based on spatial and temporal dimension of climate change and responses of communities whose livelihood linked to government forest reserves within 2 kilometers in Akure, Ologe, Gambari and Okoiro forest reserves. 275 structured questionnaire and key interview administered to 24 selected villages; Climatic data was obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NiMet), (1991- 2020); and Landsat data obtained from remote sensing through United State Geological Survey (USGS), (1990-2020). Analysis methods adopted were: Standardize Anomaly, Time series analysis, Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) using trend analysis and remote sensing/thermal bands of images regression analysis and Pearson’s Chi-square analysis. Observed rainfall and temperature were revealed to be higher than the standardized normal and irregular pattern was detected in the time series. Temperature values were predicted to be highest in every February, while rainfall peak period in September in all the study area except Ologe forest reserve (June). Also, annual rainfall and average annual temperature are predicted to increase. The result also revealed loss of vegetation cover to other land uses in Akure (8km 2 ), Gambari (36.9km 2 ), and Okoiro (0.936km 2 ), except Ologe that gained 39.1km 2 due to afforestation program by Nigeria Conservation Foundation (NCF). Satellite temperature increased between 1.9 0 C and 4.7 o C in the forest reserves. It is concluded that there was negative relationship between vegetation cover and land surface temperature that has significant impact on the livelihoods. Finally, the respondents’ perception of climate revealed rainfall variability and temperature increased that differ from 30 years ago (p value < 0.05). This study recommends bottom-up approach action plans through integration of observed climate, spatial data and local perception to enhance agro-forestry supports in communities. Keywords: Land use, Climate change, Vegetation cover, Livelihoods, Southwest Nigeria. Word Count: 298
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    Covid-19 Pandemic and Medical Tourism in Nigeria: Stories from Travel Agencies, Medics and Trapped Tourists in Ibadan
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Peter Olufunso, ADESOPE
    The COVID-19 pandemic has presented humankind with a tremendous challenges which had affected business, health and other facet of life. The pandemic had revealed the nature of health- care delivery in Nigeria. Previous studies have focused more on describing the challenges of the pandemic, the causes and effect, without giving much attention to Medical Tourism in Nigeria: it impact on Travel Agencies, Medics and Trapped Tourists. This is a gap in knowledge this research sets -out to study using Ibadan as a case study. The outbound medical tourism provided the conceptual basis for this study. Data were collected and purposive random sampling was used to select thirty participated respondents through qualitative means from the key informants (the medical personnel, the trapped tourists and travel agencies). The data was analyzed by descriptive and bibliometric statistics techniques. The findings of the study revealed the categories of people do embark on medical tourism to be the rich, noble rich and senior civil servants. Findings also revealed that the medical personnel experienced high patronage during lockdown. Result from the travel agencies revealed some worker were retrenched while some placed on half salaries due to low patronage. As per lessons learnt, the medical profession learnt; Poor or Lack of medical facilities, equipment and specialist in most of the hospitals. The tourists and travel agencies equally experienced poor services and, low patronage. The study recommended improvement on the nature of health care facilities in the country to reduce medical tourism and advised medical tourist to first seek information within before embarking on International tour. Development of a control roadmap for Covid-19 through partnership and stakeholder’s engagement for vaccine research and provision for the existence of Covid-19 laboratory protocols that will diagnose, treat, monitor, contact tracing of infected persons with Covid-19 in line with global best practices also recommended. Keywords: Covid-19 Pandemic, Medical Tourism, Nigeria, Travel Agencies, Medics and Trapped Tourists. Word count: 300
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    COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Local Recreational and Sport Activities in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Beaullah Teni TSADO
    The study examined the impact of COVID-19 on the local recreation and sporting activities in Minna, Niger State. The study was based on p rimary data collected from three hundred and forty-one (341) respondents using multi-stage random sampling techniques. The data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics techniques. The analysis revealed that majority of the respondents 96.2% were between 26- 35 years of age with an average of 26.5 years, (72.7%) were males and (78.3%) were single. The study revealed that (90.9%) of the respondents had NCE/OND, a fair number of the respondents about 9.1% had M.Sc/MBA. Substantial percentage of the respondents (31.7%) engaged in trading as the main occupation. Islamic practicing respondents (70.4%) being significantly higher. Majority (80.8%) of the respondents were members of social group(s). The results indicated first railway locomotive engine (97.9%) and Minna National Stadium (97.9%) with high level of awareness. The frequent patronized centres are Sultan Guara water falls (mean=2.09), Zuma rock (mean=2.13). There was significant difference (p < 0.05) between the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and the patronage of recreation and sporting activities before and during period of COVID-19 and also the frequency of patronage of recreation centers and sporting activities before and during period of COVID-19. The study concluded that majority of the recreation centres were being patronized frequently before the period of COVID-19 compare to the period of COVID-19 in the study area. The following recommendations are made: the safety and security of employees and guests should be given clearly the highest priority and promotion of flexi-services. These strategies will positively impact on ensuring hygienically clean, safety and secure environment for guest stay. The recreation centre service providers should be continuously keep in touch with key customer base during the outbreak. Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, Local Recretional, Sport Centre, Bida Word Count: 277
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    Creative Space Development in Cultural Art Buildings
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Hakeem Tunde KALEJAIYE
    Our lives are enriched by art. Through art we expand our horizons and enter new worlds. That is why buildings designed for art and culture are at the centre of public interest. This research highlights a decline in public patronage of art in museums around the country as the traditional role of collection, housing and showcasing to the public is fast becoming un-motivating to the general public. It identifies the impact of designed space on creating spectacular experiences for art appreciation and advocates a holistic approach in creating spaces for new cultural activities that has the potential to attract various user groups and enhance public patronage of art. The research ascertain the performing arts as a three dimensional art that combines all aspects of arts and the inclusion of these responsive art which is the missing link in a typical Art museum has the Potential to aid the effective revitalization of Nigerian art. It provides guidelines, features, and design approach which are rich in public attractions and are proven to be useful in enhancing the design of increasing effective art facilities. It thus proposes the design of Offa Centre of Arts and culture which inculcates research findings from literatures and case studies in its design in presenting a qualitative model of standard for emulation or adaptation for art buildings around the country and to fulfill the needs of Nigerian youths who desire a renewed way of approaching cultural issues. Keywords: Creative Space development, Literature Arts & Craft, Performing Arts, Visual Art, Word Count: 239
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    Design for Cultural Heritage and Performance: A focus on the Acoustics Integration(Proposed Cultural Heritage and performance centre for Oyo Empire
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Olusegun Adelaja OLUFOLAJI
    This research explores the optimization of acoustic design in cultural heritage performance centers, aiming to balance historical preservation with contemporary artistic expression. Cultural heritage performance centers play a vital role in preserving and promoting cultural traditions, serving as platforms for artistic development and community engagement. However, the intersection of preserving historical integrity and accommodating modern performance needs presents unique challenges in architectural acoustics. This study investigates the acoustic requirements of these venues, assessing spatial needs and identifying design strategies that cater to both historical and contemporary considerations. Through a series of case studies, including notable performance centers, the research examines how acoustic design can enhance the quality of performance while respecting the intrinsic cultural values of these spaces. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among architects, acousticians, and cultural heritage experts to develop innovative solutions that meet the diverse needs of stakeholders. Ultimately, this research contributes to the sustainable development of performance spaces, ensuring that they remain relevant and functional in a rapidly evolving cultural landscape. Keywords: Acoustic design, cultural heritage, performance centers, architectural preservation, community engagement Word Count: 168
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    Effect of Valuation on Auctioneering Practice in Lagos State
    (Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Ndali Bridget ORANYE
    It has been established that there exists a strong nexus between the practice of Estate Surveying and Valuation and the practice of Auctioneering. This study therefore examined the effect of valuation on auctioneering practice in Lagos state a view to providing information that would enhance the practice. The study employed a descriptive research design in order to be able to gather information from various auctioneering firms and the professional estate surveyors and valuers in the study area. Questionnaire were administered on forty-three (43) professional auctioneering firms affiliated with the Certified Institute of Auctioneers Nigeria (CIAN), and thirty-seven (37) estate surveyors and valuers that are into auctioneering practice. The study employed the use of descriptive data analytical techniques, and the information was presented in tables, Pie and Bar charts respectively. The study found that the majority of the auctions firms have been established for long, are medium-sized firms, have between 1-10 employee sizes, majority operate a single branch of their firms and majority are registered members of CIAN. The study also found auctioneering procedures never deviate from valuation reports in 25% of cases, while they sometimes deviate in 50% of cases, while “Rarely” and “often” deviations are reported by 16.7% and 4.2% of respondents, respectively, with another 4.2% stating that they “always deviate”. Regarding the influence of valuation reports on bidding strategies and outcomes in real estate auctions, the majority (79.2%) reported sales at or above the reserve price. A smaller proportion (12.5%) experienced sales below the reserve price, while a minimal 4.2% reported either multiple bidders driving up the price or a stalemate/no sale. The findings also suggests a strong reliance on valuation reports to set reserve prices, which helps ensure that auctioneers set realistic and informed minimum acceptable prices. On impact of various factors considered by auctioneering firms in real estate-related decisions, the study found that location is the most consistently important factor, with 41.7% of respondents stating it always influences their decisions, resulting in the highest mean score of 4.1 ± 0.88. Marketing and Promotion is also crucial, as indicated by a mean score of 3.9 ± 1.06, with 41.7% of respondents emphasizing its importance. Market condition, and Property Type and Condition, both hold significant sway as well, each with a mean score of 3.9, underscoring their substantial roles in decision-making. The study concluded that Valuation reports and various influencing factors play critical roles in auction outcomes and real estate decisions, emphasizing the need for targeted expertise and market adaptability. By understanding these dynamics, auction firms can strategically position themselves for success, optimize their operations, and better meet market demands. Keywords: Valuation, Auctioneering, Practice, Lagos, Auctioneering Practice Word Count: 432
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    Effects Of Covid-19 Pandemic on Event Planning in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Lead City University, 2022-12) Gladys Olaitan IGBEKELE
    The study focused on effects of COVID-19 on Event Planning in Lagos State, Nigeria with a view to providing information on strategies to deploy to enhance capacity to cope with future challenges. The study elicit information from 123 registered members of the Association of Professional Party Organizers and Events Managers in Nigeria (APPOEMN) Lagos State chapter with the aid of structured questionnaire using Google form. Data obtained were analysed using five points Likert scale of agreement and severity. Results of findings show that there were more females (56.5%) than males (41.5%) event planners majority of whom are aged 31-40 years (38.2%). Advancement in age was a major risk factor (severity index > 60%) among event planners in coping with postponement of event dates and reduction in numbers of guests planned for (X2 = 23.182 and 26.529; p < 0.05 in both cases) while gender and educational qualifications were factors (severity index > 60%) among female event planners and those with less than tertiary education (X2 = 7.980 and 20.843; p < 0.05 in both cases). All event planners (100%) were aware of the negative impacts the pandemic and had sought intervention schemes as government loans (52.0%), rapid response for suspected cases (51.2%) and adoption of virtual and hybrid events (29.3%). The study recommends the use of virtual technologies, webinars, real-time conversation, podcasts chats among others in bringing people together in participation of events in future pandemic. Keywords: Events, Events Planning, COVID-19 and Lagos. Word Count: 243