Department of Environmental Design & Management
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Item Road Construction and Property Values in Peri-Urban Areas in Ibadan, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Oluwatobi Omoyemi AYODELEThis research investigated road construction and property value in peri-urban areas located in Ibadan, Nigeria. the study scrutinized the morphological features of the selected roads construction and the factors that influence the effect of road construction on property values. These were done to provide information that would aid prospective investors in making decisions. The research utilized primary data sources using self-administered questionnaires. A purposeful sampling technique was used. Findings revealed that 35(14%) of the respondents affirmed that the present state of the road is poor, 49 (19.60 %) thought that it is fair, 75(30%) of the respondents assumed that it is good, 91(36.40 %) of the respondents condemned that it is very good. On the trend in value of properties; the study found that the price for both rental and capital value was grossly increasing, of 3- bedroom flats over 11 years at 50%, that the renting price for 3-bedroom flats rose across the years (2013 – 2023). The upward trajectory of rental values for 3bedroom flats indicates a consistent and sustained increase over the studied period and 2bed flats apartments as well, it also found out that the demand for 2-bedroom flats has also increased trajectory at 50% due to growing demand for residential properties in the selected areas this is potentially driven by factors such as population growth and the availability of good road network in the study area. Findings revealed that value of properties increased because of high demand which is due to constructed roads in the study areas, highlighting concerns about functionality and property impacts. The study underscores a dynamic real estate market with rising values but stresses the need for balanced development to ensure affordability and address environmental and social impacts. Finally, the findings suggested a mixed perception of the road construction in the selected peri-urban area. Keywords: Property, Property value, Road, Road Construction, Value Word Count: 299Item Land Nationalization, Land Reforms and Resource-based Conflicts in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Olusola Silas ADEPOJUThis study examines the dynamics of land nationalization, land reform, and resource-based conflicts in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria, with a focus on the historical evolution of land reforms from the pre-colonial period to the Fifth Republic. The research evaluates how policies related to housing, urban planning, and mining have shaped land ownership and resource distribution in the region. The study employs a qualitative approach, drawing primarily on literature review and fieldwork to analyze the multifaceted dimensions of land nationalization, land reforms, and resource-based conflicts in the two states. A total of 300 respondents were surveyed, with 291 returns, reflecting a 97% response rate. The study reveals significant awareness of land reforms, with 78% of respondents in Lagos and 94.7% in Ogun State indicating familiarity with land-related policies. The findings show a consensus in favor of land nationalization and the grant of right of occupancy, with 95% of participants from both states supporting these measures, as opposed to the customary ownership system. Only 5% of respondents disagreed with the notion of land nationalization. Additionally, the study highlights the prevalence of resource-based conflicts linked to land issues, especially in the context of ineffective land governance, tenure insecurity, the marginalization of local communities, urban expansion, mining activities, and agricultural land use. These conflicts have been exacerbated by competing interests between local communities, state authorities, and private entities. The research underscores the importance of addressing land reform gaps, particularly in terms of equitable resource distribution and conflict resolution, to promote sustainable development in both Lagos and Ogun States. The study contributes to the broader discourse on land governance in Nigeria, offering policy recommendations that advocate for a balanced approach to land ownership and use, with particular attention to the needs of local communities and the protection of customary land rights. Keywords: Land Nationalization, Land Reforms, Resource-Based Conflicts, Urban Governance Word Count: 297Item Proposed Indoor Sport Complex for Lagos State Government (Assessment Of Energy Efficiency in Public Facilities)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Olasunkanmi Ezekiel OLAGUNJUEnergy efficiency is a critical aspect of sustainable development and has gained significant attention in recent years. Public facilities, such as governmental buildings, sports complexes, educational institutions, and healthcare centres, account for a substantial portion of energy consumption. Therefore, assessing and optimizing the energy efficiency of these facilities is of paramount importance in achieving sustainable energy goals. This research aims to assess and evaluate the energy efficiency of public facilities through a comprehensive study. The primary objective is to identify the key factors that impact energy consumption and propose effective strategies for energy optimization. The study explores various aspects, including building design, equipment efficiency, occupant behaviour, and energy management systems. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis and qualitative assessments. Energy performance indicators, energy audits, and simulation models are utilized to evaluate the energy efficiency levels of selected public facilities. Energy consumption patterns are analysed to identify areas of improvement and potential energy-saving opportunities. Additionally, detailed surveys and interviews are conducted with facility managers and occupants to gain insights into occupant behaviour and preferences related to energy usage. The findings of this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of energy efficiency in public facilities and provide valuable recommendations for stakeholders involved in facility management and policy-making. The proposed strategies aim to enhance energy performance, reduce energy consumption, and mitigate environmental impact while ensuring occupant comfort and productivity. This study serves as a foundation for future research and policy development in the field of energy efficiency in public facilities. Keywords: Energy efficiency, Energy performance, Occupant behaviour, Public facilities Word Count: 252Item Proposed Community Shopping Mall for Moniya, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. (Sustainability Relevance of Eco-friendly Materials in Construction)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Adeola Abidemi OLABODEThis research focuses on how eco-friendly material utilization in construction can be substantially relevant to environmental sustainability in multiple ways simultaneously and investigates why buildings are still partially and not absolutely sustainable yet. In the development of a Proposed Community Shopping Mall in Moniya, Ibadan, Nigeria, six case studies were investigated to identify materials required for a standard home-based mall design and how they function in achieving environmental sustainability. Also, it helped to realize some avoidable mistakes so they could be prevented in the proposal. The research concluded that utilizing eco-friendly material for the proposal would have diverse benefits and advantages on the biosphere, building, business, Community and all users by measuring with the expectations of the sustainable development goals. It further recommends that eco-friendly materials should sufficiently be made available so that when used in construction, their impact can holistically salvage the already distressed earth. Keywords: Biosphere, Community, Eco-friendly, Environmental Sustainability. Word count: 147 words.Item Impact of Urban Flood Management Project Intervention on Property Values in Ibadan, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Babajide Femi OGUNTOKUNFlooding has long posed a significant environmental threat in Ibadan, Nigeria, causing widespread property damage, displacements, and economic disruptions since the first severe floods were recorded in 1951. This study assesses the impact of the Ibadan Urban Flood Management Project (IUFMP), jointly funded by the World Bank and Oyo State government, on property values in the city. The research aim to fill a critical gap by examining how flood management interventions, including drainage construction and river channelization, have influenced property values from 2012 to 2022. Key findings indicate varying levels of awareness of the IUFMP among community members and estate surveyors, with a significant percentage (67.6%) unaware of specific project details despite its implementation. Trends in property rental values show significant increases over the study period, with notable spikes in 2016 and 2022 across different property types. Similarly, capital or market values for properties experienced substantial growth, particularly in 2016 and 2022, reflecting changing real estate dynamics in Ibadan. Findings on the project's impact reveal that a majority of respondents disagreed with claims of increased capital value (54.8%) and rental value (53%), while 43.3% reported a reduction in rental value. Importantly, a significant proportion (66.3%) strongly disagreed that no impact was felt, and a majority (74.4%) disagreed that there was less dirt and filthiness post-project. In conclusion, the study suggests that the IUFMP did not significantly affect property values, as existing community measures already effectively manage flooding issues. This underscores the importance of enhancing community involvement and implementing comprehensive flood management strategies to address urban flooding challenges in Ibadan. Keywords: Flood Management, Project Interventions, Property Values, Property Investment, Urban Word Count: 257Item Proposed Go-Kart Complex Design for Agodi Gardens, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria (Site Planning Criteria for Go-Kart complex Design)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024) Daniel Oluwatimilehin OGUNSEEMIThe design of go-kart complexes requires careful site planning to ensure optimal performance, safety, and user enjoyment. This thesis investigates the essential criteria for effective site planning in go-kart complex design, drawing on a thorough review of relevant literature, industry standards, and case studies. Key elements examined include site selection, track configuration, safety protocols, and ancillary infrastructure. The research underscores the importance of environmental considerations, accessibility, and adherence to zoning regulations in the planning process. Additionally, the integration of technological innovations is explored to enhance design and operational efficiency. This study aims to establish a comprehensive framework to guide architects, engineers, and developers in creating sustainable, safe, and engaging go-kart facilities. The findings provide critical insights into balancing technical requirements with user experience, contributing to the advancement of recreational motorsport infrastructure. Keywords: Environmental Considerations, Go-kart Complex, Safety Features, Site Planning & Track Layout. Word count: 131 words.Item Proposed “Akunre” Cultural Center, For Ondo State (Integration of Effective Illumination Strategies in A Cultural Center)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Bolanle Racheal OGUNGBAMIGBEThe study examines the Integration of Effective Illumination Strategies (natural & artificial) in the design of a cultural Center for Ondo state. the study employed the case study research approach. Where 5 case studies were identified and studied. Two of the case studies were international while three were locally sourced. The identified illumination strategies in the case study were then incorporated into the proposed design to enhance functionality, aesthetics, and adaptability, thereby optimizing the overall experience of the users and visitors. The result of the findings informed the need to effectively use natural lighting with artificial lighting strategies to create a unique balance in illuminating interior spaces in a cultural Center to encourage energy conservation, thereby encouraging environmental sustainability. Keywords: Cultural Center, Effective Illumination, Integration, Strategies. Word Count: 119Item Proposed 5 Star Hotel for Dangote Group of Companies (Evaluating Passive design strategies for minimizing energy Consumption in Luxury Hotels through Sustainable practices)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Farouq Ayomide LAWALThe hospitality industry is a significant consumer of energy, particularly in luxury hotels where high levels of comfort and amenities are expected. This thesis explores the potential of passive design strategies to minimize energy consumption in luxury hotels while maintaining or enhancing guest experience. Passive design strategies, which leverage natural elements and architectural features to regulate building temperature and lighting, offer a sustainable approach to energy efficiency. The research investigates various passive design techniques, including building orientation, natural ventilation, thermal mass, daylighting, and shading devices. Case studies of existing luxury hotels Including the Burj Al Arab, Rosewood Abudhabi for international and Three local case studies, such as the Transcorp Hilton Abuja, Lagos continental Hotel and The Art hotel, Lagos; that have implemented these strategies provide real-world insights into their effectiveness. The study also examines the integration of green roofs and facades, the use of high-performance building materials, and the role of landscaping in energy conservation. By evaluating the performance and benefits of these strategies, the thesis aims to demonstrate that sustainable practices can significantly reduce the energy footprint of luxury hotels without compromising their quality and appeal. The findings are expected to provide valuable guidelines for architects, developers, and hotel operators aiming to enhance sustainability in the hospitality sector. Keywords: Energy Consumption, Luxury Hotels, Passive design, Sustainability. Word Count: 209Item Effect of Landscape Design on Hotel Environment(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Korede Mayowa OSOKOYAOne of the basic demands of the modern society is to live in a healthy environment. This is particularly emphasized in urban settings where the opportunities of connecting and interacting with green spaces are getting thinner due to the rapid development of infrastructure that has tampered with the natural environment and its features. To counteract this, it is essential to incorporate natural elements into our built environment to reap the benefits of nature. This research studied the impact of landscape design on human health, productivity, and overall well- being in hotels through literature and case studies. A hotel was designed using landscape design principles and elements to enhance aesthetics and human wellness. The proposed hotel included features such as natural lighting and ventilation, weather, plants, and natural landscapes. Keywords: Hotel, Landscape Design, Landscape Elements Word count: 127Item Rethinking Architecture of Futility: An Analysis of the Spatial Distribution and Impacts of Abandoned Buildings in Selected Estates of Abeokuta, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Haleemat Oluwatoyin YUSUFHousing constitutes a fundamental human necessity and a significant asset reflecting socio-economic conditions. However, the increase of abandoned residential properties poses a substantial challenge to urban prosperity in Nigeria, manifesting as community decline, heightened crime, health risks, and reduced property values. While socioeconomic impacts have been studied, the environmental consequences of housing abandonment, particularly within the Nigerian context, remain significantly underexplored. This doctoral research addresses this gap by investigating the spatial distribution and multifaceted impacts including ecological dimensions of abandoned buildings within selected government housing estates in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study aims to provide empirical evidence to inform policies for preventing further abandonment and revitalizing affected areas. A mixed- methods case study approach was employed, focusing on four purposively selected housing estates: Ibara, Asero, Obasanjo Hilltop, and Laderin. Data collection integrated quantitative and qualitative techniques, including field surveys with 507 questionnaires administered to residents, direct observation, GPS coordinate mapping of abandoned sites, analysis of relevant documents, key informant interviews with officials from the Ogun State Ministry of Housing (MOH), Ministry of Physical Planning and Urban Development (MPPUD), Ogun State Property Investment Corporation (OPIC), and the Ogun State Urban Planning Authority, alongside focus group discussions with community members. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII), Pearson correlation (via SPSS), and geospatial analysis using QGIS software. The findings revealed a substantial presence of abandoned properties across the estates, with counts of 156 in Ibara GRA, 97 in Asero, 80 in Obasanjo Hilltop, and 67 in Laderin. Primary factors driving abandonment included the death of property owners (mean score 4.77), low income (3.29), mismanagement (3.11), absentee ownership, high construction material costs, and litigation. Statistical analysis indicated these factors explained a significant proportion (Adjusted R² = 0.823) of the variance in abandonment issues. The resultant impacts are severe, notably heightened crime vulnerability (mean score 4.39), property decay (4.30), significant health challenges (4.09), environmental pollution (3.88), depreciation of adjacent property values, and the creation of hazardous environments that impede community development and degrade urban aesthetics. This research concludes that abandoned housing estates significantly undermine environmental quality, socio-economic stability, and public health within Abeokuta, exposing deficiencies in current urban development policies and enforcement. While significant potential exists for managing these properties through adaptive reuse strategies like conversion to green spaces (mean score 4.86) or renovation (4.21), these opportunities remain largely untapped. Key recommendations include the formulation and enforcement of specific regulations targeting abandoned buildings, comprehensive evaluation of reuse potential using spatial and structural analysis, provision of affordable mortgage schemes to facilitate project completion or renovation, implementation of time-limited fines for neglect leading to potential government acquisition for beneficial reuse, and mandatory regular inspections by planning and environmental agencies to mitigate risks and ensure compliance. Keywords: Architecture of futility, Abandoned buildings, Housing Estates, Environmental Impacts. Word Counts: 451Item Proposed Emergency Service Centre for Ogun State (A Study of Circulation and Natural Lighting in An Emergency Centre)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Gbenga Akinwunmi AKINOLABuildings can be planned to optimize the utilization of natural sunlight and prevent unwanted artificial light intrusion by considering the time of day. Ever since humans began constructing their dwellings with openings for illumination, they have sought more efficient ways to harness natural light within their homes. Daylight has historically been harnessed in buildings because it comes at no cost; today, it remains free, but the creation and maintenance of window openings can be costly. Despite the extensive history of research on daylighting and architectural design, there has been a recent surge in in-depth investigations into this topic. Natural light, which is readily available and free in regions where electrical lighting is expensive, serves as a practical solution. However, it has transformed into a luxury in areas where electrical lighting is affordable and prevalent, enhancing the quality of life and work for its users. This research also delves into various aspects of daylight control from multiple viewpoints, including the quantity and quality of daylight, visual comfort associated with daylight, building orientation to optimize daylight, and the integration of daylight design in emergency centre planning. Keywords: Daylight, Emergency centre, Natural Lighting, Emergency Service Word Count: 184Item Appraising Land Banking and Development Practice for Housing Development in Southwest Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2025-12) Adesola Funlola DADAThis study appraised land banking and development practices among Private estate developers in South-west Nigeria, with a view to provide insights that can enhance sustainable land management. While some studies have been carried out on driving forces behind land speculators, effect of land banking on property values and housing affordability in metropolitan areas in some regions, attention has not been paid to Land Banking and Development Practices among Private Estate Developers in Lagos, Ogun and Oyo. The main objective was to investigate the conduct and strategies of private estate developers in the south western part of Nigeria with an emphasis on how land banking drives housing development and its socioeconomic and environmental implications. The study used a mixed- method research methodology, combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies to obtain comprehensive data. The sample of 200 respondents investigated consisted of private estate developers and residents in the study area, and structured questionnaires and interviews were used to gather data. Significant gaps in the research about the activities of private estate developers were shown by the findings, especially their preference for luxury residences over reasonably priced options for those with lower incomes. Findings from the research also showed that the three main land banking strategies used by private developers are gradual development, strategic land holding and long term land acquisition. Also, the study showed that Nigeria’s land use regulations are still disconnected, poorly applied and difficult to navigate. Despite the prevalence of land banking strategies, the analysis showed that not much is known about how they affect housing development and socioeconomic status. Three hypothesis were formulated and tested and all 3 upheld the null hypothesis showing that there is no significant impact of land banking on the environment, housing development and socioeconomic activity. The study emphasized the need for a more equitable housing development strategy that takes into account the requirements of every class of income. The study concluded by highlighting the need for legislative measures that support affordable housing options and encourage private estate developers to adopt more inclusive standards. It recommended further research into the long-term effects of land banking on housing affordability and urban development in South-west Nigeria. By providing actual data on the relationship between land banking and housing development, the study contributes to the existing body of knowledge and provides valuable information to players in the built environment sector. Finally, it advocated for a shift toward sustainable and equitable housing development options that could meet the region's critical housing requirements. Keywords: Land Banking, Private Estate Developers, Housing Development, Socio- economic Impacts, Southwest Nigeria. Word Count: 411Item Proposed Luxury Resort Center Kuchiyako III, Kuje, Abuja (Assessing the Multidimensional Benefits of Green Spaces in a Tourist Facility)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2023-12) Funke Bola OLAYEMIThis study delves into the multidimensional implications of integrating green spaces within the architectural design of a proposed Resort in Kuchiyako III, Kije, Abuja, Nigeria, with a specific focus on promoting tourism development. Acknowledging planned green spaces as pivotal social arenas for daily interactions and sustainability indicators for well-being, the research underscores the global recognition of natural environments in enhancing physical, social, and mental well-being. This study notes that tourism evolves into a multi-dimensional concept, architectural design assumes a vital role in shaping holistic and vibrant tourist experiences. The study's aim is to conceptualize the multi-dimensional potential of green spaces to enhance well-being, productivity, and tourism at the proposed Resort. Through a comprehensive literature review, the research establishes the significance of greenery and its potential benefits. It identifies key greenery elements that can elevate the tourist experience and examines their application in tourist facility design. Moreover, the study endeavors to uncover design considerations for creating a sustainable and resilient tourist facility and investigates their effective integration within the proposed Resort's design. Research questions pertaining to the importance of greenery in tourist facilities, the crucial greenery elements for enhancing tourist experiences, and influential design considerations guide the inquiry. While acknowledging limitations, such as time constraints and potential respondent availability, the study's significance lies in its potential to contribute to tourism development, employment opportunities, and local economies. The anticipated benefits include enhanced aesthetics, habitat preservation, increased tourism, and improved visitor satisfaction, aligning with the broader goal of creating a more inviting atmosphere for visitors. In conclusion, this research establishes the intricate relationship between green spaces, architectural design, and tourism, aiming to enrich tourist experiences, foster well-being, and catalyze tourism development in Abuja, Nigeria. Key words: Tourism, sustainability, green spaces, resort. Word count: 281Item Impact of Informal Settlement on Residential Property Rental Value in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Emmanuel Babatunde AROWOLOThe rapid growth of informal settlements in Ibadan has become a major concern for urban planners, policymakers, and property investors, as it has significant implications for residential rental values. This study examined the Impact of informal settlement on residential property rental value in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State. A descriptive and inferential quantitative research design was employed, with a sample size of 360 respondents drawn from five local government areas in Ibadan Metropolis. Data was collected through structured questionnaires administered to residents and estate surveyors. Descriptive statistics, including mean scores and frequency distributions, were used to summarize socio-economic characteristics and rental trends, while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to assess the impact of informal settlements on rental values and identify contributing factors. Findings revealed that between 2012 and 2022, rental values for properties in informal settlements across various local government areas of Ibadan exhibited a steady increase, with the highest growth seen in a Bungalow in Ibadan North East LGA (300%) and 172% for a 3-bedroom flat. Factors contributing to informal settlements included poverty, rapid urbanization, and ineffective housing policies. This is further demonstrated by the high proportion of low-income households, with 66.4% of respondents earning below ₦40,000 monthly. Impacts were primarily due to poor infrastructure, inadequate sanitation, and overcrowding. Respondents cited issues such as haphazard housing construction (M=4.49) and poor sanitation (M= 4.35) as significant factors contributing to the decline in property value. In Ibadan South East and North, respondents reported the most substantial declines in quality of life, which directly affected rental pricing. The study recommended the development and implementation of integrated urban planning strategies that consider both formal and informal settlements. This approach should prioritise equitable distribution of resources, services, and amenities across the entire metropolis. Keywords: Housing, Informal Settlement, Residential Property, Rental Value, Urbanisation Word Count: 289Item Proposed Community Hub for Jimeta Yola, Adamawa State Nigeria (Use of Landscape in Achieving Inclusiveness in a Community Hub Design)(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Daniella DANIELThis thesis explores the important role of landscape design in fostering inclusiveness within community hubs. It examines how intentional planning and utilization of outdoor spaces can contribute to a sense of inclusion, belonging and accessibility for diverse community members, the study strives to provide valuable insights into designing environments that encourage social unity and participation. The research investigates how thoughtfully designed landscapes can help break down physical and social barriers, creating welcoming and accessible for individuals from various backgrounds. Using a combination of qualitative analysis, the research employed a case study methodology to analyze successful examples of community hubs that have effectively utilized landscape features to enhance inclusivity. Various landscape elements such as accessible pathways, seating arrangements, green spaces, and interactive installations has been examined, assessing their impact on social interaction, community engagement, and overall well-being. The research uncovered best practices for leveraging landscape elements to create inclusive and inviting community hubs. Keywords: Community hub; Community Engagement; Inclusive landscape design; Landscape Design Word count: 152 wordsItem Implications of School-Based Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Facilities for Achieving Related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Ibadan, Nigeria(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Victoria Oluwafunmike ODUNFAThis study explores the impact of school-based Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) facilities on achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Ibadan, Nigeria. With a focus on eleven Local Government Areas (LGAs) divided into metropolitan (Ibadan North, Ibadan North-East, and Ibadan South) and peri-urban (Ido and Oluyole) regions, a 5% sample rate was applied to a total pupil population of 402,840, yielding a sample size of 965 students, 351 from private schools and 614 from public schools. The research combines survey data and key informant interviews with school administrators, health boards, SUPEB, and the Ministry of Education to assess WASH awareness, access, and facility conditions. The study analyzed WASH facilities' availability, accessibility, and quality in schools, correlating these factors with health outcomes and school attendance. The results reveal significant disparities in WASH infrastructure between private and public schools. Private schools reported higher access to clean water and sanitation, with 98.3% having adequate facilities compared to 88% in public institutions. This gap impacts students’ health and attendance, as private school pupils consistently report better hygiene and lower rates of waterborne diseases. Awareness levels among school administrators also varied; 36.2% of private school heads displayed high awareness of WASH protocols, compared to only 7.9% of public school heads. This gap in awareness affects the prioritization of hygiene practices, as knowledgeable school heads tend to advocate more actively for comprehensive WASH programs. The study further highlights the role of socio-economic and governance factors in WASH practices. Public schools face stricter budgetary constraints and lower stakeholder engagement, with only 23.1% of public school administrators rating support as “Good” versus 48.9% in private schools. These challenges hinder public schools' ability to meet national WASH standards, with consequences for achieving SDGs. Recommendations include enhanced government funding, stronger public-private partnerships, and flexible governance frameworks to bridge WASH infrastructure and awareness gaps in public schools. By addressing these disparities, the study suggests that Ibadan’s educational institutions can better support SDG goals, improving health, education, and environmental sustainability outcomes for students. Keywords: School-based, WASH Practices, Sustainable Development Goals, Public health, Ibadan schools Word Count: 340Item Methods of Enhancing a Mixed Used Scenery Through Landscaping(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Yetunde TAIWOLandscaping is crucial to the appearance, functionality, and sustainability of mixed-use complexes because it creates a cohesive space that unifies residential, commercial, and recreational elements. Mixed-use structures have to suitably accommodate the needs and preferences of the general public. Urban areas and spaces are currently planned and built to ignores variables like climate and culture that have an impact on how people behave and use the amenities and the surrounding area. This assumes even greater significance when we take into account that women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities do not have easy or sufficient access to green areas outside of these facilities. This will help how individuals consider and utilize the environment as a component of their daily lives, how they interpret it, how they project themselves onto it, and how they create meanings around it. The ultimate goal is to raise decision makers' awareness of and appreciation for the importance of integrating landscape design principles such as soft, hard, interior and exterior landscaping into planning and design of mixed use buildings. In order to provide architects, with relevant data and suggestions, this thesis examines landscaping techniques for enhancing mixed-use landscapes. Keywords: Landscape Design, Mixed Use Buildings, Outdoor Places, Sustainability. Word count: 192 words.Item Application of Passive and Adaptive Energy Design Principles in the Design of a Vocational Study Center(Lead City University, Ibadan, 2024-12) Abolaji Mutiu SHITTUEnergy needs in buildings are in continuous demand and rising carbon emissions, and dependence on non-renewable resources contribute to an increase in health, environmental, and economic risks. In the modern society of architecture today, building designs rely heavily on mechanical systems to solve, adjust, optimize and regulate heating, cooling and lighting effects in a building interior. In order to reduce air pollution levels and greenhouse gasses, there should be a focus on the design and construction of more passive buildings, thus contributing to a more sustainable environment. This research investigated the necessary design strategies essential for the design of a sustainable building through a study of literature and case studies. A vocational center was designed using energy efficiency principles and elements to enhance human activity and promote energy efficiency. The study concludes that energy efficiency should be prioritized in design and construction. Keywords: Passive Design, Passive Design Principles, Sustainability, Vocational Center Word Count: 142 wordsItem A Proposed History and Cultural Museum for Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria (Considerations for Effective Lighting in Museum Design)(2024-12) Ayomide Obaloluwa POPOOLAThis study investigates the critical role of lighting design in enhancing visitor experiences, preserving artifacts, and effectively communicating museum narratives. Museums serve as essential cultural institutions that facilitate education through the exhibition of historical and artistic treasures. However, achieving optimal lighting involves addressing diverse exhibit needs, the delicate nature of artifacts, and the balance between aesthetics and preservation. The research aims to identify best practices and guidelines for effective museum lighting, focusing on the requirements of various exhibit types, suitable design strategies, and technologies that enhance visitor interaction. It examines several lighting approaches ambient, accent, mood lighting, and natural light integration each with distinct objectives in highlighting artifacts and creating immersive environments. Findings indicate that tailored lighting solutions are vital for different exhibit categories. Advances in technologies such as LED lighting, digital controls, and interactive installations play a significant role in balancing conservation and visitor engagement. The study also discusses conservation strategies, including time-controlled lighting and UV-filtering materials to mitigate photodegradation risks. Recommendations highlight the need for a comprehensive approach that considers user experience, inclusivity, and visual comfort while advocating for programming that reflects diverse visitor interests. Further research should explore the impact of emerging technologies like augmented and virtual reality on museum lighting strategies, as well as the long-term effects of optimized lighting on engagement and artifact preservation. By systematically addressing these factors, this study offers valuable insights for museum designers, conservators, and management, ultimately enhancing the cultural appreciation and educational potential of museums worldwide Keywords: Artifacts, Lightning Design, Museum Word count: 129Item Proposed Shopping Mall for Odua Investment Company Limited (A Study On Spatial & Circulation Requirements in Shopping Mall(2024-12) Bukola Titilayo OYENIRANThe study of the spatial and circulation design considerations in shopping mall design seeks to understand how the layout, flow, and organization of these spaces can affect the overall shopping experience and ultimately contribute to the success of the mall as a commercial and social hub. Circulation is a problem in many shopping malls today due to several factors. One issue is poor design and layout, which can lead to congestion, bottlenecks, and confusion for visitors trying to navigate the space. The instrument for the study was a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Two local case studies were examined which are Ikeja City Mall, and Novare Gateway Mall, Abuja. In addition, three international case studies were examined (Accra Mall in Ghana, The Boulevard Mall in U.S.A, and Dubai Mall in United Arab Emirates). Journals, books, and previous research works relevant to the study on layout and circulation of shopping malls were also examined. Deductions from the case studies enabled the study to derive the spatial requirements for a shopping mall that are but not limited to retail outlets, anchor stores, cinemas, entertainment areas, common areas, and services areas. Also from the case studies and literature review, this study was able to assess critical design considerations for achieving proper layout and enhancing circulation in shopping malls. The circulation design consideration were discussed includes clear and intuitive layout, central circulation spine, zoning of similar facilities, ample walkways, strategic placements of entry and exit, provision of service access, design flexibility, accessibility, and safety measures. As a result, the study recommends that circulation design consideration are not overlooked in the design and construction of shopping centres. Keywords: Circulation, Design, Layout, Shopping mall, Spatial. Word Count: 275